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NUR 230 EXAM 4 – GALEN OB/PEDS 2026 COMPLETE (110)
CURRENT TESTING QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES.
NUR
Prepare for the NUR 230 Exam 4 – Galen OB/Peds with this comprehensive practice
resource designed to strengthen your obstetric and pediatric nursing knowledge and
exam readiness. It features exam-style questions covering maternal care, newborn
assessment, pediatric growth and development, childhood illnesses, nursing
interventions, family-centered care, and patient safety. Use it to reinforce essential
concepts, assess your understanding, and build confidence before test day. An
excellent study aid for Galen nursing students preparing for the NUR 230 OB/Peds
Exam 4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
SECTION 1: ENDOCRINE DYSFUNCTION (Questions 1–25)
Question 1: A newborn is diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU). The nurse
explains to the parents that this is a metabolic disorder in which the body:
A) Fails to produce enough insulin
B) Fails to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine
C) Produces excessive thyroid hormone
D) Lacks the enzyme to break down lactose
Correct answer: B) Fails to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine
Rationale: PKU is a metabolic disorder in which the body fails to convert the
amino acid phenylalanine to tyrosine due to a deficiency of the enzyme
phenylalanine hydroxylase .
Question 2: A nurse is providing teaching to parents of an infant diagnosed
with phenylketonuria (PKU). Which dietary modification should be included in
the teaching plan?
A) A diet low in carbohydrates
B) A diet low in phenylalanine
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C) A diet high in phenylalanine
D) A diet with no protein restrictions
Correct answer: B) A diet low in phenylalanine
Rationale: PKU requires lifelong dietary modification to restrict phenylalanine
intake. Meats, eggs, and dairy products are eliminated while phenylalanine-
free formula or breast milk is used. Vegetables, fruits, and cereals can be
eaten, and tyrosine supplementation is provided .
Question 3: A child is diagnosed with precocious puberty. The nurse
understands that this condition is characterized by sexual development
before which age in boys?
A) Age 7
B) Age 8
C) Age 9
D) Age 10
Correct answer: C) Age 9
Rationale: Precocious puberty is characterized by manifestations of sexual
development before age 9 in boys and age 8 in girls. Etiology includes
congenital anomalies, CNS trauma, or idiopathic causes .
Question 4: A nurse is caring for a child with juvenile hypothyroidism. Which
manifestation would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Accelerated growth and advanced bone age
B) Decelerated growth and intellectual disability
C) Excessive energy and hyperactivity
D) Precocious sexual development
Correct answer: B) Decelerated growth and intellectual disability
Rationale: Juvenile hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine
problems in children and is characterized by decelerated growth and
intellectual disability .
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Question 5: A child with juvenile hypothyroidism is prescribed thyroid
hormone replacement. The nurse should instruct the parents to administer
the medication:
A) With meals to increase absorption
B) On an empty stomach
C) With milk to decrease gastric irritation
D) At bedtime for better absorption
Correct answer: B) On an empty stomach
Rationale: Thyroid hormone replacement should be given on an empty
stomach for optimal absorption. Periodic serum levels should be monitored .
Question 6: A nurse is teaching a child with type 1 diabetes about insulin
administration. Which statement indicates the child understands the
teaching?
A) "I can stop taking insulin when I feel better"
B) "I need to take insulin to help sugar enter my cells"
C) "Insulin will cure my diabetes"
D) "I only need insulin when I eat sweets"
Correct answer: B) "I need to take insulin to help sugar enter my cells"
Rationale: In type 1 diabetes, there is destruction of pancreatic beta cells,
resulting in insulin deficiency. Without insulin, glucose cannot enter cells and
remains in the blood, causing hyperglycemia .
Question 7: Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes
mellitus?
A) Occurs most often in those over 45 years of age
B) The body fails to properly utilize insulin
C) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
D) Associated with insulin resistance
Correct answer: C) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune or idiopathic
destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body
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fails to properly utilize insulin and most often occurs in those over 45 years of
age .
Question 8: A nurse is assessing a child with suspected diabetes mellitus.
Which diagnostic finding is consistent with diabetes?
A) Fasting glucose of 110 mg/dL
B) Random glucose of 150 mg/dL with no symptoms
C) Hemoglobin A1C of 7.5%
D) Fasting glucose of 110 mg/dL with symptoms
Correct answer: C) Hemoglobin A1C of 7.5%
Rationale: Diagnostic criteria for diabetes include fasting glucose >126
mg/dL, random glucose >200 mg/dL with signs of diabetes, or hemoglobin
A1C >6.5% .
Question 9: Hyperglycemia results in which characteristic symptoms?
A) Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
B) Oliguria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
C) Polyuria, polydipsia, and anorexia
D) Polyuria, polyphagia, and weight gain
Correct answer: A) Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
Rationale: Hyperglycemia results in the characteristic "3 Ps": polyuria
(excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive
hunger) .
Question 10: A child with type 1 diabetes presents with lethargy, confusion,
thirst, weakness, and flushed, dry skin. This presentation is most consistent
with:
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Diabetic ketoacidosis
D) Insulin shock
NUR 230 EXAM 4 – GALEN OB/PEDS 2026 COMPLETE (110)
CURRENT TESTING QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES.
NUR
Prepare for the NUR 230 Exam 4 – Galen OB/Peds with this comprehensive practice
resource designed to strengthen your obstetric and pediatric nursing knowledge and
exam readiness. It features exam-style questions covering maternal care, newborn
assessment, pediatric growth and development, childhood illnesses, nursing
interventions, family-centered care, and patient safety. Use it to reinforce essential
concepts, assess your understanding, and build confidence before test day. An
excellent study aid for Galen nursing students preparing for the NUR 230 OB/Peds
Exam 4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
SECTION 1: ENDOCRINE DYSFUNCTION (Questions 1–25)
Question 1: A newborn is diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU). The nurse
explains to the parents that this is a metabolic disorder in which the body:
A) Fails to produce enough insulin
B) Fails to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine
C) Produces excessive thyroid hormone
D) Lacks the enzyme to break down lactose
Correct answer: B) Fails to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine
Rationale: PKU is a metabolic disorder in which the body fails to convert the
amino acid phenylalanine to tyrosine due to a deficiency of the enzyme
phenylalanine hydroxylase .
Question 2: A nurse is providing teaching to parents of an infant diagnosed
with phenylketonuria (PKU). Which dietary modification should be included in
the teaching plan?
A) A diet low in carbohydrates
B) A diet low in phenylalanine
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C) A diet high in phenylalanine
D) A diet with no protein restrictions
Correct answer: B) A diet low in phenylalanine
Rationale: PKU requires lifelong dietary modification to restrict phenylalanine
intake. Meats, eggs, and dairy products are eliminated while phenylalanine-
free formula or breast milk is used. Vegetables, fruits, and cereals can be
eaten, and tyrosine supplementation is provided .
Question 3: A child is diagnosed with precocious puberty. The nurse
understands that this condition is characterized by sexual development
before which age in boys?
A) Age 7
B) Age 8
C) Age 9
D) Age 10
Correct answer: C) Age 9
Rationale: Precocious puberty is characterized by manifestations of sexual
development before age 9 in boys and age 8 in girls. Etiology includes
congenital anomalies, CNS trauma, or idiopathic causes .
Question 4: A nurse is caring for a child with juvenile hypothyroidism. Which
manifestation would the nurse expect to observe?
A) Accelerated growth and advanced bone age
B) Decelerated growth and intellectual disability
C) Excessive energy and hyperactivity
D) Precocious sexual development
Correct answer: B) Decelerated growth and intellectual disability
Rationale: Juvenile hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine
problems in children and is characterized by decelerated growth and
intellectual disability .
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Question 5: A child with juvenile hypothyroidism is prescribed thyroid
hormone replacement. The nurse should instruct the parents to administer
the medication:
A) With meals to increase absorption
B) On an empty stomach
C) With milk to decrease gastric irritation
D) At bedtime for better absorption
Correct answer: B) On an empty stomach
Rationale: Thyroid hormone replacement should be given on an empty
stomach for optimal absorption. Periodic serum levels should be monitored .
Question 6: A nurse is teaching a child with type 1 diabetes about insulin
administration. Which statement indicates the child understands the
teaching?
A) "I can stop taking insulin when I feel better"
B) "I need to take insulin to help sugar enter my cells"
C) "Insulin will cure my diabetes"
D) "I only need insulin when I eat sweets"
Correct answer: B) "I need to take insulin to help sugar enter my cells"
Rationale: In type 1 diabetes, there is destruction of pancreatic beta cells,
resulting in insulin deficiency. Without insulin, glucose cannot enter cells and
remains in the blood, causing hyperglycemia .
Question 7: Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes
mellitus?
A) Occurs most often in those over 45 years of age
B) The body fails to properly utilize insulin
C) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
D) Associated with insulin resistance
Correct answer: C) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune or idiopathic
destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body
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fails to properly utilize insulin and most often occurs in those over 45 years of
age .
Question 8: A nurse is assessing a child with suspected diabetes mellitus.
Which diagnostic finding is consistent with diabetes?
A) Fasting glucose of 110 mg/dL
B) Random glucose of 150 mg/dL with no symptoms
C) Hemoglobin A1C of 7.5%
D) Fasting glucose of 110 mg/dL with symptoms
Correct answer: C) Hemoglobin A1C of 7.5%
Rationale: Diagnostic criteria for diabetes include fasting glucose >126
mg/dL, random glucose >200 mg/dL with signs of diabetes, or hemoglobin
A1C >6.5% .
Question 9: Hyperglycemia results in which characteristic symptoms?
A) Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
B) Oliguria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
C) Polyuria, polydipsia, and anorexia
D) Polyuria, polyphagia, and weight gain
Correct answer: A) Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
Rationale: Hyperglycemia results in the characteristic "3 Ps": polyuria
(excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive
hunger) .
Question 10: A child with type 1 diabetes presents with lethargy, confusion,
thirst, weakness, and flushed, dry skin. This presentation is most consistent
with:
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Diabetic ketoacidosis
D) Insulin shock
