HEENT PRACTICE STUDY GUIDE TESTED
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
●● What does a bruit indicate in the thyroid?
Answer: It may be detected in hypervascular thyroid.
●● What condition does a bulging fontanel indicate?
Answer: It may indicate increased intracranial pressure.
●● What is craniosynostosis?
Answer: It results from premature closing of sutures before brain growth
is complete, leading to a misshapen skull.
●● What is chloasma?
Answer: It is known as the mask of pregnancy.
●● What is an encephalocele?
Answer: A neural tube defect with protrusion of nervous system tissue
through a defect in the skull.
●● What does 'facies' refer to?
,Answer: The appearance of the face, head, and neck characteristic of a
condition.
●● What is Graves' disease?
Answer: An autoimmune disorder characterized by antibodies to
thyroid-stimulating hormone, leading to thyroid disease and
exophthalmia.
●● What is Hashimoto disease?
Answer: An autoimmune disorder against the thyroid gland that usually
causes hypothyroidism.
●● What is hyperthyroidism?
Answer: An overactive thyroid.
●● What is hypothyroidism?
Answer: An underactive thyroid, more common than hyperthyroidism.
●● What does the Macewen sign indicate?
Answer: It is associated with increased intracranial pressure after
fontanels are closed.
●● What is microcephaly?
,Answer: A condition where the circumference of the head is smaller than
normal, associated with mental retardation.
●● What is molding in infants?
Answer: It is the shifting and overlapping of bones during vaginal
delivery.
●● What is myxedema?
Answer: A skin and tissue disorder usually due to severe prolonged
hypothyroidism, characterized by mucinous edema of the face.
●● What is ossification in the skull?
Answer: It begins in sutures after brain growth is completed, starting
around 6 years of age and finishing by adulthood.
●● When does the posterior fontanel close?
Answer: By 2 months of age.
●● When does the anterior fontanel close?
Answer: By 12-15 months.
●● What is a salivary gland tumor?
, Answer: A tumor in any of the salivary glands, most commonly in the
parotid.
●● What is the sternocleidomastoid?
Answer: A muscle that extends from the upper sternum to the mastoid
process.
●● What is a thyroglossal duct cyst?
Answer: A palpable cystic mass in the neck.
●● What is the largest endocrine gland?
Answer: The thyroid.
●● What is a tic?
Answer: Spasmodic contractions of the face, head, or neck.
●● What is torticollis?
Answer: A wry neck often resulting from birth trauma or intrauterine
malposition.
●● What is transillumination?
Answer: A procedure to evaluate suspected intracranial lesions or
increasing head circumference in infants.
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
●● What does a bruit indicate in the thyroid?
Answer: It may be detected in hypervascular thyroid.
●● What condition does a bulging fontanel indicate?
Answer: It may indicate increased intracranial pressure.
●● What is craniosynostosis?
Answer: It results from premature closing of sutures before brain growth
is complete, leading to a misshapen skull.
●● What is chloasma?
Answer: It is known as the mask of pregnancy.
●● What is an encephalocele?
Answer: A neural tube defect with protrusion of nervous system tissue
through a defect in the skull.
●● What does 'facies' refer to?
,Answer: The appearance of the face, head, and neck characteristic of a
condition.
●● What is Graves' disease?
Answer: An autoimmune disorder characterized by antibodies to
thyroid-stimulating hormone, leading to thyroid disease and
exophthalmia.
●● What is Hashimoto disease?
Answer: An autoimmune disorder against the thyroid gland that usually
causes hypothyroidism.
●● What is hyperthyroidism?
Answer: An overactive thyroid.
●● What is hypothyroidism?
Answer: An underactive thyroid, more common than hyperthyroidism.
●● What does the Macewen sign indicate?
Answer: It is associated with increased intracranial pressure after
fontanels are closed.
●● What is microcephaly?
,Answer: A condition where the circumference of the head is smaller than
normal, associated with mental retardation.
●● What is molding in infants?
Answer: It is the shifting and overlapping of bones during vaginal
delivery.
●● What is myxedema?
Answer: A skin and tissue disorder usually due to severe prolonged
hypothyroidism, characterized by mucinous edema of the face.
●● What is ossification in the skull?
Answer: It begins in sutures after brain growth is completed, starting
around 6 years of age and finishing by adulthood.
●● When does the posterior fontanel close?
Answer: By 2 months of age.
●● When does the anterior fontanel close?
Answer: By 12-15 months.
●● What is a salivary gland tumor?
, Answer: A tumor in any of the salivary glands, most commonly in the
parotid.
●● What is the sternocleidomastoid?
Answer: A muscle that extends from the upper sternum to the mastoid
process.
●● What is a thyroglossal duct cyst?
Answer: A palpable cystic mass in the neck.
●● What is the largest endocrine gland?
Answer: The thyroid.
●● What is a tic?
Answer: Spasmodic contractions of the face, head, or neck.
●● What is torticollis?
Answer: A wry neck often resulting from birth trauma or intrauterine
malposition.
●● What is transillumination?
Answer: A procedure to evaluate suspected intracranial lesions or
increasing head circumference in infants.
