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QUESTION 1
Which theorist is credited with the theory of transcultural nursing?
A. Sister Callista Roy
B. Dorothea Orem
C. Madeleine Leininger
D. Martha Rogers
Correct Answer: C. Madeleine Leininger
Rationale: Madeleine Leininger is credited with the theory of transcultural nursing,
which emphasizes the importance of cultural care and understanding in nursing
practice. This theory focuses on providing culturally congruent care .
QUESTION 2
Madeleine Leininger supports which of the following nursing modes of intervention?
A. Cultural practices and cultural respect
B. Self care agency
C. Cultural care restructuring and repatterning
D. Universality
Correct Answer: C. Cultural care restructuring and repatterning
Rationale: Leininger's transcultural nursing theory supports cultural care restructuring
and repatterning as a mode of intervention to provide culturally congruent care
[citation:7,10].
,QUESTION 3
Which nursing theory is the most abstract?
A. Leininger's Self care agency
B. Rogers' science of unitary human beings
C. Neuman's nature of nursing
D. Henderson's goal attainment theory
Correct Answer: B. Rogers' science of unitary human beings
Rationale: Martha Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings is considered the most
abstract nursing theory, focusing on the human being as a unitary energy field .
QUESTION 4
Select the nursing theory that is accurately paired with the theorist that developed it.
A. Neuman: Science of unitary beings
B. Rogers: The nature of nursing
C. Henderson: Goal attainment theory
D. King: Goal attainment theory
Correct Answer: D. King: Goal attainment theory
Rationale: Imogene King developed the Goal Attainment Theory, which focuses on the
nurse-client relationship and mutual goal setting. Rogers developed the Science of
Unitary Human Beings, and Henderson developed the 14 Basic Needs Theory .
QUESTION 5
,Which of the following is NOT one of the four modes of adaptation according to
Roy's Adaptation Model?
A. Independence
B. Person
C. Health
D. Nursing
Correct Answer: A. Independence
Rationale: Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model includes four modes: Person, Health,
Nursing, and Environment. Independence is not one of the four modes .
QUESTION 6
The goal of nursing, according to which theory, is to facilitate protections against
"penetration" and to facilitate "reconstitution"?
A. The Systems Model
B. Orem's Self Care Theory
C. The 21 Nursing Problems
D. Interpersonal Relations Model
Correct Answer: A. The Systems Model
Rationale: Betty Neuman's Systems Model describes nursing as facilitating protections
against penetration and facilitating reconstitution of the client system .
QUESTION 7
Which personality trait fosters critical thinking?
, A. The ability to memorize facts
B. Open-mindedness
C. The ability to establish priorities
D. Following orders without question
Correct Answer: B. Open-mindedness
Rationale: Open-mindedness is a key personality trait that fosters critical thinking,
allowing nurses to consider multiple perspectives and evidence. Memorization and
establishing priorities are skills, not personality traits .
QUESTION 8
Which phase of the decision-making process is most prone to errors?
A. Ranking and weighing criteria
B. Problem definition
C. Deciding on the best alternative
D. Implementing the course of action
Correct Answer: B. Problem definition
Rationale: Problem definition is the phase most prone to errors in the decision-making
process. If the problem is not correctly identified, the entire decision-making process
may be flawed .
QUESTION 9
The World Health Organization's definition of health is:
A. The absence of all disease
B. A complete, holistic state of wellbeing