SOCIOLOGY EXAM 4 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS TESTED
ANSWERS
◉ Ethnicity
Answer: Shared cultural traits such as language, ancestry, or
traditions.
◉ Characteristics of race/ethnicity
Answer: Physical traits vs. cultural traits.
◉ Variation across culture/time
Answer: Definitions of race differ across societies and eras.
◉ Social construction
Answer: The idea that society creates racial categories, not
biology.
◉ Prejudice
Answer: Prejudgment or attitude toward a group.
◉ Discrimination
, Answer: Unequal treatment of people based on group
membership.
◉ Stereotypes
Answer: Oversimplified generalizations about groups.
◉ Racism
Answer: Belief that one racial group is superior.
◉ Personal racism
Answer: Individual-level racist behavior or beliefs.
◉ Institutional racism
Answer: Policies/practices that disadvantage certain racial
groups.
◉ Scapegoating
Answer: Blaming another group for personal or social problems.
◉ Conflict theory of prejudice
Answer: Prejudice benefits the dominant group economically or
politically.
◉ Culture theory
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS TESTED
ANSWERS
◉ Ethnicity
Answer: Shared cultural traits such as language, ancestry, or
traditions.
◉ Characteristics of race/ethnicity
Answer: Physical traits vs. cultural traits.
◉ Variation across culture/time
Answer: Definitions of race differ across societies and eras.
◉ Social construction
Answer: The idea that society creates racial categories, not
biology.
◉ Prejudice
Answer: Prejudgment or attitude toward a group.
◉ Discrimination
, Answer: Unequal treatment of people based on group
membership.
◉ Stereotypes
Answer: Oversimplified generalizations about groups.
◉ Racism
Answer: Belief that one racial group is superior.
◉ Personal racism
Answer: Individual-level racist behavior or beliefs.
◉ Institutional racism
Answer: Policies/practices that disadvantage certain racial
groups.
◉ Scapegoating
Answer: Blaming another group for personal or social problems.
◉ Conflict theory of prejudice
Answer: Prejudice benefits the dominant group economically or
politically.
◉ Culture theory
