RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
TEST 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PASS GUIDE
◉ _________Can be a mild, transient irritation, or it cab be a severe
ulceration with hemorrhage
Answer: Acute Gastritis
◉ _________ Usually develops suddenly and is likely to be
accompanied by nausea and epigastric pain
Answer: Acute Gastritis
◉ _________ Gastritis develops gradually.
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Gastritis can be further categorized as erosive or nonerosive
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Symptoms of: Anorexia, nausea & vomiting, postprandial
discomfort, and hematemesis.
Answer: Acute Gastritis
,◉ Symptoms of: May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by
a dull epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness after minimal
intake.
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an
infection or allergic reaction
Answer: Gastroenteritis
◉ Usually due to primary inflammatory disease such as crohns
disease
Answer: Chronic Gastroenteritis
◉ Commonly due to direct infection such as salmonella from raw or
undercooked chicken or eggs
Answer: Acute Gastroenteritis
◉ Signs & Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, pain, nausea,
and vomiting
Answer: Gastroenteritis
◉ Most common cause of chronic gastritis
,Answer: Helicobacter pylori
◉ Embeds itself in the mucous layer, activating toxins and enzymes
that cause inflammation. Genetic vulnerability and lifestyle
behaviors (smoking and stress) may increase the susceptibility
Answer: Helicobacter pylori
◉ Other causes of?: Organisms transmitted though food and water
contamination, long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, excessive alcohol use, severe stress, autoimmune conditions,
and other chronic disease
Answer: Gastritis
◉ Complications of?: Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Manifestations of?: Include indigestion, heartburn, epigastric
pain, abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and
malaise. Hematemesis and dark, tarry stools can indicate ulceration
and bleeding.
Answer: Gastritis
◉ Chyme periodically backs up from the stomach into the
esophagus. Bile can also back up into the esophagus.
, Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ These gastric secretions irritate the esophageal mucosa
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ Causes of?: certain foods (e.g., chocolate, caffeine, carbonated
beverages, citrus fruit, tomatoes, spicy or fatty foods, and
peppermint), alcohol consumption, nicotine, hiatal hernia, obesity,
pregnancy, certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, beta blockers,
calcium-channel blockers, and anticholinergics), nasogastric
intubation, and delayed gastric emptying
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ Manifestations of?: heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a
meal or when recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis,
pharyngitis, regurgitation of food, and sensation of a lump in the
throat.
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ Complications of?: esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal
cancer, and chronic pulmonary disease
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
TEST 2026 VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS PASS GUIDE
◉ _________Can be a mild, transient irritation, or it cab be a severe
ulceration with hemorrhage
Answer: Acute Gastritis
◉ _________ Usually develops suddenly and is likely to be
accompanied by nausea and epigastric pain
Answer: Acute Gastritis
◉ _________ Gastritis develops gradually.
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Gastritis can be further categorized as erosive or nonerosive
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Symptoms of: Anorexia, nausea & vomiting, postprandial
discomfort, and hematemesis.
Answer: Acute Gastritis
,◉ Symptoms of: May be asymptomatic, but usually accompanied by
a dull epigastric pain and a sensation of fullness after minimal
intake.
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually because of an
infection or allergic reaction
Answer: Gastroenteritis
◉ Usually due to primary inflammatory disease such as crohns
disease
Answer: Chronic Gastroenteritis
◉ Commonly due to direct infection such as salmonella from raw or
undercooked chicken or eggs
Answer: Acute Gastroenteritis
◉ Signs & Symptoms: Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, pain, nausea,
and vomiting
Answer: Gastroenteritis
◉ Most common cause of chronic gastritis
,Answer: Helicobacter pylori
◉ Embeds itself in the mucous layer, activating toxins and enzymes
that cause inflammation. Genetic vulnerability and lifestyle
behaviors (smoking and stress) may increase the susceptibility
Answer: Helicobacter pylori
◉ Other causes of?: Organisms transmitted though food and water
contamination, long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, excessive alcohol use, severe stress, autoimmune conditions,
and other chronic disease
Answer: Gastritis
◉ Complications of?: Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and hemorrhage
Answer: Chronic Gastritis
◉ Manifestations of?: Include indigestion, heartburn, epigastric
pain, abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and
malaise. Hematemesis and dark, tarry stools can indicate ulceration
and bleeding.
Answer: Gastritis
◉ Chyme periodically backs up from the stomach into the
esophagus. Bile can also back up into the esophagus.
, Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ These gastric secretions irritate the esophageal mucosa
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ Causes of?: certain foods (e.g., chocolate, caffeine, carbonated
beverages, citrus fruit, tomatoes, spicy or fatty foods, and
peppermint), alcohol consumption, nicotine, hiatal hernia, obesity,
pregnancy, certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, beta blockers,
calcium-channel blockers, and anticholinergics), nasogastric
intubation, and delayed gastric emptying
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ Manifestations of?: heartburn, epigastric pain (usually after a
meal or when recombinant), dysphagia, dry cough, laryngitis,
pharyngitis, regurgitation of food, and sensation of a lump in the
throat.
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
◉ Complications of?: esophagitis, strictures, ulcerations, esophageal
cancer, and chronic pulmonary disease
Answer: GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
