SME Certified Robotics Technician (CRT)
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&
1. Which of the following best defines a robot according to ISO 8373?
A. A mechanical device that moves on tracks
B. A computer-controlled machine with no human interaction
C. An automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose
manipulator
D. A tool used for assembling parts manually
Rationale: ISO 8373 defines a robot as a reprogrammable,
multipurpose manipulator designed to move materials or devices
through variable programmed motions.
2. What is the main function of a robot’s end effector?
A. To power the robot’s motors
B. To sense environmental conditions
, C. To interact with the environment or perform a specific task
D. To process program logic
Rationale: The end effector is the “hand” of the robot, designed to
manipulate objects or perform a task such as gripping or welding.
3. Which type of drive system uses compressed air to move actuators?
A. Hydraulic
B. Pneumatic
C. Electric
D. Magnetic
Rationale: Pneumatic systems utilize compressed air to drive actuators
and provide quick, clean movement.
4. What does the term “degrees of freedom” refer to in robotics?
A. Power level of the motors
B. Size of the workspace
C. Number of independent movements a robot can perform
D. Control system type
Rationale: Degrees of freedom represent the number of independent
axes or motions available to the robot.
5. Which coordinate system is typically used for programming Cartesian
robots?
A. Rectangular coordinate system
B. Cylindrical coordinate system
C. Polar coordinate system
, D. Spherical coordinate system
Rationale: Cartesian robots move linearly along X, Y, and Z axes,
matching the rectangular coordinate system.
6. What is the purpose of a teach pendant?
A. To provide vision for the robot
B. To manually program and control the robot’s movements
C. To regulate motor speed
D. To calibrate sensors
Rationale: A teach pendant is a handheld control unit used to
manually teach and record robot positions.
7. In a six-axis articulated robot, which joint provides rotational motion
of the wrist?
A. Base rotation
B. Shoulder pitch
C. Elbow roll
D. Wrist rotation
Rationale: The wrist rotation joint allows the robot to orient the end
effector around its longitudinal axis.
8. What is the typical power source for industrial robots?
A. Pneumatic
B. Electric
C. Hydraulic
D. Solar
, Rationale: Most modern industrial robots use electric servo motors for
m m m m m m m m m
m precise, efficient motion control.
m m m
9. What is backlash in robotic joints?
m m m m m
A. Power surge m
B. Unwanted movement due to mechanical play between gears
m m m m m m m
C. Excessive torque m
D. Sensor lag m
Rationale: Backlash occurs when there is mechanical looseness
m m m m m m m
m between components, leading to imprecise motion.
m m m m m
10. Which robot configuration provides a large spherical
m m m m m m
m work envelope?
m
A. Cartesian
B. Cylindrical
C. Spherical (polar) m
D. SCARA
Rationale: Spherical robots use rotary and linear joints, creating a
m m m m m m m m m
m spherical working area.
m m
11. Which control system updates continuously based on
m m m m m m
m sensor feedback?
m
A. Open-loop control m
B. Closed-loop control m
C. Manual control m
Practice Exam Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2026 Q&
1. Which of the following best defines a robot according to ISO 8373?
A. A mechanical device that moves on tracks
B. A computer-controlled machine with no human interaction
C. An automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose
manipulator
D. A tool used for assembling parts manually
Rationale: ISO 8373 defines a robot as a reprogrammable,
multipurpose manipulator designed to move materials or devices
through variable programmed motions.
2. What is the main function of a robot’s end effector?
A. To power the robot’s motors
B. To sense environmental conditions
, C. To interact with the environment or perform a specific task
D. To process program logic
Rationale: The end effector is the “hand” of the robot, designed to
manipulate objects or perform a task such as gripping or welding.
3. Which type of drive system uses compressed air to move actuators?
A. Hydraulic
B. Pneumatic
C. Electric
D. Magnetic
Rationale: Pneumatic systems utilize compressed air to drive actuators
and provide quick, clean movement.
4. What does the term “degrees of freedom” refer to in robotics?
A. Power level of the motors
B. Size of the workspace
C. Number of independent movements a robot can perform
D. Control system type
Rationale: Degrees of freedom represent the number of independent
axes or motions available to the robot.
5. Which coordinate system is typically used for programming Cartesian
robots?
A. Rectangular coordinate system
B. Cylindrical coordinate system
C. Polar coordinate system
, D. Spherical coordinate system
Rationale: Cartesian robots move linearly along X, Y, and Z axes,
matching the rectangular coordinate system.
6. What is the purpose of a teach pendant?
A. To provide vision for the robot
B. To manually program and control the robot’s movements
C. To regulate motor speed
D. To calibrate sensors
Rationale: A teach pendant is a handheld control unit used to
manually teach and record robot positions.
7. In a six-axis articulated robot, which joint provides rotational motion
of the wrist?
A. Base rotation
B. Shoulder pitch
C. Elbow roll
D. Wrist rotation
Rationale: The wrist rotation joint allows the robot to orient the end
effector around its longitudinal axis.
8. What is the typical power source for industrial robots?
A. Pneumatic
B. Electric
C. Hydraulic
D. Solar
, Rationale: Most modern industrial robots use electric servo motors for
m m m m m m m m m
m precise, efficient motion control.
m m m
9. What is backlash in robotic joints?
m m m m m
A. Power surge m
B. Unwanted movement due to mechanical play between gears
m m m m m m m
C. Excessive torque m
D. Sensor lag m
Rationale: Backlash occurs when there is mechanical looseness
m m m m m m m
m between components, leading to imprecise motion.
m m m m m
10. Which robot configuration provides a large spherical
m m m m m m
m work envelope?
m
A. Cartesian
B. Cylindrical
C. Spherical (polar) m
D. SCARA
Rationale: Spherical robots use rotary and linear joints, creating a
m m m m m m m m m
m spherical working area.
m m
11. Which control system updates continuously based on
m m m m m m
m sensor feedback?
m
A. Open-loop control m
B. Closed-loop control m
C. Manual control m
