Nutrition NDFS 100 Exam 1 BYU Questions
with Verified Correct Answers
Identify ways that nutrition affects health
4 leading causes of death are directly related to health:
hear disease, cancer, strokes, diabetes
Others related to health: dental and bone diseases
essential nutrients
nutrients body cannot make itself
6 major essential nutrients
Carbohydrates
protein
fat
vitamins
minerals
water
Carbohydrates role in body
-4cal/g
-energy-yielding nutrient
-2 groups: simple & complex
Simple: sugars Complex: starch & dietary fiber
-energy used first to fuel muscles and brain
-(45-65% of calories should come from carbohydrates
-sources: grain products such as breads, cereals, pasta and rice as well as fruits and vegetables
,What does SOLUBLE fiber (a carbohydrate) do?
-fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, brown rice, oats, barley, rice brans
-lowers blood cholesterol and helps to control blood sugar levels while providing very little
energy
What does INSOLUBLE fiber (a carbohydrate) do?
-wheat & corn bran, whole grain breads and cereals, vegetables, fruit skins, nuts
-don't provide any calories
-helps alleviate digestive disorders like constipation or diverticulitis and may prevent colon
cancer
Proteins role in the body
-4cal/g
-broken down into amino acids by the digestive system
-amino acids are then used for building and repairing muscles, red blood cells, hair and other
tissues, and for making hormones
-adequate protein intake is important for healthy immune system
-Because protein is a source of calories it will be used for energy if not enough carbohydrate
is available
-sources: animal products-meat, fish, poultry, milk, cheese, eggs. vegetable sources-
legumes(beans, lentils, dried peas, nuts) and seeds
Fat's role in the body
-9 kcal/g
-energy-yielding nutrient
-includes mixture of saturated and unsaturated fats
, -Higher in saturated fat: animal-based foods- meats and milk products
-higher in unsaturated fats: vegetable oils
-Fat maintains skin and hair, cushions vital organs, provides insulation, and is necessary for
the production and absorption of certain vitamins and hormones
-no more than 30% calories as fat
-no more than 10% calories as unsaturated fat
Vitamins role in body
-REGULATE chemical reactions in the body
-13 vitamins
-most vitamins cannot be made in body, so we must obtain them through the diet
-not a source of energy
-best consumed through a varied diet rather than as a supplement bc there is little chance of
taking too high a dose
Minerals role in body
-REGULATOR
-assist in all body processes
-components of foods that are involved in many body functions
-ex: calcium & magnesium important for bone structure
-ex: iron needed for red blood cells to transport oxygen
-not a source of energy
-best obtained through a varied diet rather than supplements
Water's role in body
-vital nutrient for good health
-body cells cannot function without water
with Verified Correct Answers
Identify ways that nutrition affects health
4 leading causes of death are directly related to health:
hear disease, cancer, strokes, diabetes
Others related to health: dental and bone diseases
essential nutrients
nutrients body cannot make itself
6 major essential nutrients
Carbohydrates
protein
fat
vitamins
minerals
water
Carbohydrates role in body
-4cal/g
-energy-yielding nutrient
-2 groups: simple & complex
Simple: sugars Complex: starch & dietary fiber
-energy used first to fuel muscles and brain
-(45-65% of calories should come from carbohydrates
-sources: grain products such as breads, cereals, pasta and rice as well as fruits and vegetables
,What does SOLUBLE fiber (a carbohydrate) do?
-fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, brown rice, oats, barley, rice brans
-lowers blood cholesterol and helps to control blood sugar levels while providing very little
energy
What does INSOLUBLE fiber (a carbohydrate) do?
-wheat & corn bran, whole grain breads and cereals, vegetables, fruit skins, nuts
-don't provide any calories
-helps alleviate digestive disorders like constipation or diverticulitis and may prevent colon
cancer
Proteins role in the body
-4cal/g
-broken down into amino acids by the digestive system
-amino acids are then used for building and repairing muscles, red blood cells, hair and other
tissues, and for making hormones
-adequate protein intake is important for healthy immune system
-Because protein is a source of calories it will be used for energy if not enough carbohydrate
is available
-sources: animal products-meat, fish, poultry, milk, cheese, eggs. vegetable sources-
legumes(beans, lentils, dried peas, nuts) and seeds
Fat's role in the body
-9 kcal/g
-energy-yielding nutrient
-includes mixture of saturated and unsaturated fats
, -Higher in saturated fat: animal-based foods- meats and milk products
-higher in unsaturated fats: vegetable oils
-Fat maintains skin and hair, cushions vital organs, provides insulation, and is necessary for
the production and absorption of certain vitamins and hormones
-no more than 30% calories as fat
-no more than 10% calories as unsaturated fat
Vitamins role in body
-REGULATE chemical reactions in the body
-13 vitamins
-most vitamins cannot be made in body, so we must obtain them through the diet
-not a source of energy
-best consumed through a varied diet rather than as a supplement bc there is little chance of
taking too high a dose
Minerals role in body
-REGULATOR
-assist in all body processes
-components of foods that are involved in many body functions
-ex: calcium & magnesium important for bone structure
-ex: iron needed for red blood cells to transport oxygen
-not a source of energy
-best obtained through a varied diet rather than supplements
Water's role in body
-vital nutrient for good health
-body cells cannot function without water
