NUR 514 RESEARCH AND EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE | COMPREHENSIVE
NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
A nurse researcher tested whether sucrose (versus sterile water) had a beneficial effect on infant pain
during routine immunizations. Neither those administering the intervention nor the parents of the
infants knew which infants received the sucrose. This strategy is an example of: - correct answer
✔✔Blinding
There are four types of validity that effect the rigor of a quantitative study. Which type concerns the
validity of inferences that there is an empirical relationship between variables? - correct answer
✔✔Statistical conclusion validity
What is the purpose of the Kolmogorov Smirnov test? - correct answer ✔✔To test whether a distribution
deviates significantly from a normal distribution
There are three well-known criteria for establishing a causal relationship attributed to John Stuart Mill.
Which is one of those criteria? - correct answer ✔✔The relationship between the cause and the effect
cannot be explained as being caused by a third factor.
The use of randomization for assigning participants to groups eliminates: - correct answer ✔✔Systematic
bias
In a data set that includes information about participants' age, the mean for the age variable is 35 years.
The lowest value for age is 21 years and the highest age value is 100. What might the value of 100
signify? - correct answer ✔✔An outlier
In a crossover study, women with an overactive bladder were given either caffeinated beverages for a 2-
week period or were told to drink non-caffeinated beverages exclusively for 2 weeks in a randomized
order of treatment. Regardless of treatment condition, the women in both groups reported less urgency
of urinary voids than reported at baseline. Which effect might account for this? - correct answer
✔✔Hawthorne effect
Which is an important research precept? - correct answer ✔✔Correlation does not prove causation.
Dose response analysis - correct answer ✔✔An analysis to assess whether larger doses of an
intervention are associated with greater benefits.
Attention control group - correct answer ✔✔A control group that gets a similar amount of attention as
those in the intervention group, without
receiving the "active ingredients" of the treatment.
Randomization - correct answer ✔✔The assignment of subjects to treatment conditions in a random
manner.
Relative risk - correct answer ✔✔An estimate of the risk of "case-ness" in one group compared to
another, computed by dividing the absolute risk for one group by the absolute risk for another.
NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
A nurse researcher tested whether sucrose (versus sterile water) had a beneficial effect on infant pain
during routine immunizations. Neither those administering the intervention nor the parents of the
infants knew which infants received the sucrose. This strategy is an example of: - correct answer
✔✔Blinding
There are four types of validity that effect the rigor of a quantitative study. Which type concerns the
validity of inferences that there is an empirical relationship between variables? - correct answer
✔✔Statistical conclusion validity
What is the purpose of the Kolmogorov Smirnov test? - correct answer ✔✔To test whether a distribution
deviates significantly from a normal distribution
There are three well-known criteria for establishing a causal relationship attributed to John Stuart Mill.
Which is one of those criteria? - correct answer ✔✔The relationship between the cause and the effect
cannot be explained as being caused by a third factor.
The use of randomization for assigning participants to groups eliminates: - correct answer ✔✔Systematic
bias
In a data set that includes information about participants' age, the mean for the age variable is 35 years.
The lowest value for age is 21 years and the highest age value is 100. What might the value of 100
signify? - correct answer ✔✔An outlier
In a crossover study, women with an overactive bladder were given either caffeinated beverages for a 2-
week period or were told to drink non-caffeinated beverages exclusively for 2 weeks in a randomized
order of treatment. Regardless of treatment condition, the women in both groups reported less urgency
of urinary voids than reported at baseline. Which effect might account for this? - correct answer
✔✔Hawthorne effect
Which is an important research precept? - correct answer ✔✔Correlation does not prove causation.
Dose response analysis - correct answer ✔✔An analysis to assess whether larger doses of an
intervention are associated with greater benefits.
Attention control group - correct answer ✔✔A control group that gets a similar amount of attention as
those in the intervention group, without
receiving the "active ingredients" of the treatment.
Randomization - correct answer ✔✔The assignment of subjects to treatment conditions in a random
manner.
Relative risk - correct answer ✔✔An estimate of the risk of "case-ness" in one group compared to
another, computed by dividing the absolute risk for one group by the absolute risk for another.
