MED SURG 2 HESI EXAM 2026 UPDATE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+ (LATEST)
An older adult with a history of hypertension is admitted with diagnosis of
dehydration. The client is becoming increasingly confused and weak. The client reports taking
one tablet of hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) daily, and the prescription is written for 1/2
tablet. The nurse should obtain additional information about:
1. Decreased drug half-life of the HydroDIURIL.
2. Decreased hepatic blood flow.
3. Increased GI activity.
4. Increased urinary elimination. - ANS-2. Decreased hepatic blood flow.
A client diagnosed with primary (essential) hypertension is taking
chlorothiazide (Diuril). The nurse determines teaching about this medication is effective when
the client makes the following statement. "I will (Select all that apply.)
1. take my weight daily at the same time each day."
2. not drink alcoholic beverages while on this medication."
3. reduce salt intake in my diet."
4. reduce my dosage if I have severe dizziness."
5. use sunscreen if I have prolonged exposure to sunlight."
6. take the drug late in the evening." - ANS-1. take my weight daily at the same time each day."
2. not drink alcoholic beverages while on this medication."
,3. reduce salt intake in my diet."
5. use sunscreen if I have prolonged exposure to sunlight."
Which intervention would be most likely to assist the client with hypertension in maintaining an
exercise program?
1. Giving the client a written exercise program.
2. Explaining the exercise program to the client's spouse.
3. Reassuring the client that he or she can do the exercise program.
4. Tailoring a program to the client's needs and abilities. - ANS-4. Tailoring a program to the
client's needs and abilities.
The client realizes the importance of quitting smoking, and the nurse develops a plan to help
the client achieve this goal. Which of the following nursing interventions should be the initial
step in this plan?
1. Review the negative effects of smoking on the body.
2. Discuss the effects of passive smoking on environmental pollution.
3. Establish the client's daily smoking pattern.
4. Explain how smoking worsens high blood pressure. - ANS-3. Establish the client's daily
smoking pattern.
When teaching a client about propranolol hydrochloride, the nurse should base the information
on the knowledge that propranolol:
1. Blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial
contractility, and conduction.
2. Increases norepinephrine secretion and thus decreases blood pressure and heart rate.
,3. Is a potent arterial and venous vasodilator that reduces peripheral vascular resistance and
lowers blood pressure.
4. Is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that reduces blood pressure by blocking the
conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. - ANS-1. Blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and
thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial contractility, and conduction.
The nurse is completing a health assessment of a 42-year-old female with suspected Graves'
Disease. The nurse should assess this client for:
1. anorexia
2. tachycardia
3. weight gain
4. cold skin - ANS-2. tachycardia
Graves' disease, the most common type of thyrotoxicosis, is a state of hypermetabolism. The
increased metabolic rate generates heat and produces tachycardia and fine muscle tremors.
Anorexia is associated with hypothyroidism. Loss of weight, despite a good appetite and
adequate caloric intake, is a common feature of hyperthyroidism. Cold skin is associated with
hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
When conducting a health history with a female client with thyrotoxicosis, the nurse should ask
about which of the following changes in the menstrual cycle?
1. dysmenorrhea
2. metrorrhagia
3. oligomenorrhea
4. menorrhagia - ANS-3. oligomenorrhea
, A change in the menstrual interval, diminished menstrual flow (oligomenorrhea), or even the
absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) may result from the hormonal imbalances of
thyrotoxicosis. Oligomenorrhea in women and decreased libido and impotence in men are
common features of thyrotoxicosis. Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation. Metrorrhagia, blood
loss between menstrual periods, is a symptom of hypothyroidism. Menorrhagia, excessive
bleeding during menstrual periods, is a symptom of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse should assess the client for
which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1. rapid pulse
2. decreased energy and fatigue
3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg)
4. fine, thin hair with hair loss
5. constipation
6. menorrhagia. - ANS-2. decreased energy and fatigue, 3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg), 5.
constipation, 6. menorrhagia
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit symptoms indicating a lack of thyroid hormone.
Bradycardia, decreased energy and lethargy, memory problems, weight gain, coarse hair,
constipation, and menorrhagia are common signs and
symptoms of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease. The nurse should teach the
client to immediately report which of the following?
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+ (LATEST)
An older adult with a history of hypertension is admitted with diagnosis of
dehydration. The client is becoming increasingly confused and weak. The client reports taking
one tablet of hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL) daily, and the prescription is written for 1/2
tablet. The nurse should obtain additional information about:
1. Decreased drug half-life of the HydroDIURIL.
2. Decreased hepatic blood flow.
3. Increased GI activity.
4. Increased urinary elimination. - ANS-2. Decreased hepatic blood flow.
A client diagnosed with primary (essential) hypertension is taking
chlorothiazide (Diuril). The nurse determines teaching about this medication is effective when
the client makes the following statement. "I will (Select all that apply.)
1. take my weight daily at the same time each day."
2. not drink alcoholic beverages while on this medication."
3. reduce salt intake in my diet."
4. reduce my dosage if I have severe dizziness."
5. use sunscreen if I have prolonged exposure to sunlight."
6. take the drug late in the evening." - ANS-1. take my weight daily at the same time each day."
2. not drink alcoholic beverages while on this medication."
,3. reduce salt intake in my diet."
5. use sunscreen if I have prolonged exposure to sunlight."
Which intervention would be most likely to assist the client with hypertension in maintaining an
exercise program?
1. Giving the client a written exercise program.
2. Explaining the exercise program to the client's spouse.
3. Reassuring the client that he or she can do the exercise program.
4. Tailoring a program to the client's needs and abilities. - ANS-4. Tailoring a program to the
client's needs and abilities.
The client realizes the importance of quitting smoking, and the nurse develops a plan to help
the client achieve this goal. Which of the following nursing interventions should be the initial
step in this plan?
1. Review the negative effects of smoking on the body.
2. Discuss the effects of passive smoking on environmental pollution.
3. Establish the client's daily smoking pattern.
4. Explain how smoking worsens high blood pressure. - ANS-3. Establish the client's daily
smoking pattern.
When teaching a client about propranolol hydrochloride, the nurse should base the information
on the knowledge that propranolol:
1. Blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial
contractility, and conduction.
2. Increases norepinephrine secretion and thus decreases blood pressure and heart rate.
,3. Is a potent arterial and venous vasodilator that reduces peripheral vascular resistance and
lowers blood pressure.
4. Is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that reduces blood pressure by blocking the
conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. - ANS-1. Blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and
thus causes decreased heart rate, myocardial contractility, and conduction.
The nurse is completing a health assessment of a 42-year-old female with suspected Graves'
Disease. The nurse should assess this client for:
1. anorexia
2. tachycardia
3. weight gain
4. cold skin - ANS-2. tachycardia
Graves' disease, the most common type of thyrotoxicosis, is a state of hypermetabolism. The
increased metabolic rate generates heat and produces tachycardia and fine muscle tremors.
Anorexia is associated with hypothyroidism. Loss of weight, despite a good appetite and
adequate caloric intake, is a common feature of hyperthyroidism. Cold skin is associated with
hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
When conducting a health history with a female client with thyrotoxicosis, the nurse should ask
about which of the following changes in the menstrual cycle?
1. dysmenorrhea
2. metrorrhagia
3. oligomenorrhea
4. menorrhagia - ANS-3. oligomenorrhea
, A change in the menstrual interval, diminished menstrual flow (oligomenorrhea), or even the
absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) may result from the hormonal imbalances of
thyrotoxicosis. Oligomenorrhea in women and decreased libido and impotence in men are
common features of thyrotoxicosis. Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation. Metrorrhagia, blood
loss between menstrual periods, is a symptom of hypothyroidism. Menorrhagia, excessive
bleeding during menstrual periods, is a symptom of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse should assess the client for
which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
1. rapid pulse
2. decreased energy and fatigue
3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg)
4. fine, thin hair with hair loss
5. constipation
6. menorrhagia. - ANS-2. decreased energy and fatigue, 3. weight gain of 10 lbs (4.5 kg), 5.
constipation, 6. menorrhagia
Clients with hypothyroidism exhibit symptoms indicating a lack of thyroid hormone.
Bradycardia, decreased energy and lethargy, memory problems, weight gain, coarse hair,
constipation, and menorrhagia are common signs and
symptoms of hypothyroidism.
CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is prescribed for a client with Graves' disease. The nurse should teach the
client to immediately report which of the following?
