CMN 552 EXAM 5 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Culture - Answers - Systems of knowledge, concepts, values, norms, and practices that
are learned and transmitted across generations
Race - Answers - A social, not a biological, construct that divides humanity into groups
based on a variety of superficial physical traits like skin color that have been falsely
viewed as indicating attributes and capacities assumed to be inherent to the group
Ethnicity - Answers - A culturally constructed group identity used to define peoples and
communities
Cultural identity of the individual - Answers - Describe the individual's demographic
(age, gender, ethnoracial background)
Cultural concepts of distress - Answers - Describe the cultural constructs that influence
how the individual experiences, understands, and communicates his or her symptoms
or problems to others
Psychosocial stressors and cultural features of vulnerability and resilience - Answers -
Identify key stressors, challenges, and supports in the individual's social environment
Cultural features of the relationship between the individual and the clinician, treatment
team, and institution - Answers - Identify differences in cultural background, language,
education, and social status among other aspects of identity between an individual and
clinician that may cause difficulties in communication and may influence diagnosis and
treatment
Cultural Formation Interview (CFI) - Answers - A brief semi structured interview for
systemically assessing cultural factors relevant to the care of any individual
Cultural idioms of distress - Answers - Ways of expressing distress that may not involve
specific symptoms and syndromes
Cultural explanations or perceived causes - Answers - Labels, attributions, or features
of an explanatory model that indicate culturally recognized meaning or etiology for
symptoms, illness, or distress
Cultural syndromes - Answers - Clusters of symptoms and attributes that ten to co-
occur among individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or contexts and that
are recognized locally as coherent patterns of experience
,Culture-bond syndrome - Answers - Ignores the fact that clinically important cultural
differences often involve explanations or experiences of distress rather than culturally
distinctive configuration of symptoms
Domain 1 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural definition of the problem (questions 1-
3)
Domain 2 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural perceptions of cause, context, and
support (questions 4-10)
Domain 3 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural factors affecting self-coping and past
help seeking (questions 11-13)
Domain 4 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural factors affecting current help seeking
(questions 14-16)
When is the CFI helpful? - Answers - When the following occur: disagreement on
course of care, limited engagement, and significant cultural differences between
provider and patient
What does the CFI focus on? - Answers - The individual's experience and the social
contexts of the clinical problem, symptoms, or concerns
What does the cultural identity of an individual include? - Answers - Religious affiliation
and spirituality, socioeconomic class, personal and family places of birth and growing
up, migrant status, occupation, and sexual orientation
Why are language abilities relevant in cultural identity? - Answers - Relevant for
identifying difficulties with access to care, social integration, and clinical communication
or the need for an interpreter
What is included in cultural concepts of distress? - Answers - Idioms of distress, cultural
explanations or perceived causes, and cultural syndromes
What are examples of psychosocial stressors? - Answers - Housing, transportation,
education, employment, exposure to racism, discrimination, and system institutional
stigmatization
What is the primary reason to use cultural concepts of distress in psychiatric diagnosis?
- Answers - To enhance identification of individuals' concerns and detection of
psychopathology
How should clinical assessment of cultural concepts of distress be determined? -
Answers - Should be determined whether their presentation meets DSM-5 criteria for a
specified disorder or instead is best classified as another specified diagnosis
, Ataque de nervios - Answers - A syndrome found in Latin cultures characterized by
symptoms of intense emotional upset, including acute anxiety, anger, or grief;
screaming and shouting uncontrollably, attacks of crying, trembling, heat in the chest
rising into the head, and becoming physical and verbally aggressive
Ataque de nervios general feature - Answers - A sense of being out of control
Ataque de nervios prevalence - Answers - Reported in 7-15% adults and 4-9% of youth
Dhat syndrome - Answers - A common clinical presentation of young men in South Asia
who attributed their various symptoms to semen loss
Dhat syndrome cardinal feature - Answers - Anxiety and distress about the loss of dhat
Dhat syndrome prevalence - Answers - 64% of men attending psychiatric clinics in India
Hikikomori - Answers - A syndrome of protracted and severe social withdrawal that may
result in complete cessation of in-person interactions with others
Hikikomori diagnostic requirement - Answers - Requires 6 months of social withdrawal
for a diagnosis
Khyal cap - Answers - A syndrome found in Cambodian culture also known as wind
attacks
Khyal cap common symptoms - Answers - Dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath,
cold extremities, and symptoms of anxiety and autonomic arousal (tinnitus and neck
soreness)
Kufungisisa - Answers - An idiom of distress and cultural explanation among the Shona
of Zimbabwe meaning thinking too much
Kufungisisa psychopathology - Answers - Anxiety symptoms, excessive worry, panic
attacks, depressive symptoms, irritability, and PTSD
Brain *** - Answers - A cultural syndrome in Nigeria attributed to excessive study and
include symptoms include feelings of heat or crawling sensations in the head
Maladi dyab - Answers - A cultural explanation in Haitian communities for diverse
medical and psychiatric disorders, or other negative experiences and problems in
functioning
Maladi dyab cause - Answers - Interpersonal envy and malice cause people to harm
their enemies by having sorcerers send illnesses such as psychosis, depression, social
or academic failure, and inability to perform activities of daily living
ANSWERS
Culture - Answers - Systems of knowledge, concepts, values, norms, and practices that
are learned and transmitted across generations
Race - Answers - A social, not a biological, construct that divides humanity into groups
based on a variety of superficial physical traits like skin color that have been falsely
viewed as indicating attributes and capacities assumed to be inherent to the group
Ethnicity - Answers - A culturally constructed group identity used to define peoples and
communities
Cultural identity of the individual - Answers - Describe the individual's demographic
(age, gender, ethnoracial background)
Cultural concepts of distress - Answers - Describe the cultural constructs that influence
how the individual experiences, understands, and communicates his or her symptoms
or problems to others
Psychosocial stressors and cultural features of vulnerability and resilience - Answers -
Identify key stressors, challenges, and supports in the individual's social environment
Cultural features of the relationship between the individual and the clinician, treatment
team, and institution - Answers - Identify differences in cultural background, language,
education, and social status among other aspects of identity between an individual and
clinician that may cause difficulties in communication and may influence diagnosis and
treatment
Cultural Formation Interview (CFI) - Answers - A brief semi structured interview for
systemically assessing cultural factors relevant to the care of any individual
Cultural idioms of distress - Answers - Ways of expressing distress that may not involve
specific symptoms and syndromes
Cultural explanations or perceived causes - Answers - Labels, attributions, or features
of an explanatory model that indicate culturally recognized meaning or etiology for
symptoms, illness, or distress
Cultural syndromes - Answers - Clusters of symptoms and attributes that ten to co-
occur among individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or contexts and that
are recognized locally as coherent patterns of experience
,Culture-bond syndrome - Answers - Ignores the fact that clinically important cultural
differences often involve explanations or experiences of distress rather than culturally
distinctive configuration of symptoms
Domain 1 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural definition of the problem (questions 1-
3)
Domain 2 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural perceptions of cause, context, and
support (questions 4-10)
Domain 3 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural factors affecting self-coping and past
help seeking (questions 11-13)
Domain 4 of CFI assessment - Answers - Cultural factors affecting current help seeking
(questions 14-16)
When is the CFI helpful? - Answers - When the following occur: disagreement on
course of care, limited engagement, and significant cultural differences between
provider and patient
What does the CFI focus on? - Answers - The individual's experience and the social
contexts of the clinical problem, symptoms, or concerns
What does the cultural identity of an individual include? - Answers - Religious affiliation
and spirituality, socioeconomic class, personal and family places of birth and growing
up, migrant status, occupation, and sexual orientation
Why are language abilities relevant in cultural identity? - Answers - Relevant for
identifying difficulties with access to care, social integration, and clinical communication
or the need for an interpreter
What is included in cultural concepts of distress? - Answers - Idioms of distress, cultural
explanations or perceived causes, and cultural syndromes
What are examples of psychosocial stressors? - Answers - Housing, transportation,
education, employment, exposure to racism, discrimination, and system institutional
stigmatization
What is the primary reason to use cultural concepts of distress in psychiatric diagnosis?
- Answers - To enhance identification of individuals' concerns and detection of
psychopathology
How should clinical assessment of cultural concepts of distress be determined? -
Answers - Should be determined whether their presentation meets DSM-5 criteria for a
specified disorder or instead is best classified as another specified diagnosis
, Ataque de nervios - Answers - A syndrome found in Latin cultures characterized by
symptoms of intense emotional upset, including acute anxiety, anger, or grief;
screaming and shouting uncontrollably, attacks of crying, trembling, heat in the chest
rising into the head, and becoming physical and verbally aggressive
Ataque de nervios general feature - Answers - A sense of being out of control
Ataque de nervios prevalence - Answers - Reported in 7-15% adults and 4-9% of youth
Dhat syndrome - Answers - A common clinical presentation of young men in South Asia
who attributed their various symptoms to semen loss
Dhat syndrome cardinal feature - Answers - Anxiety and distress about the loss of dhat
Dhat syndrome prevalence - Answers - 64% of men attending psychiatric clinics in India
Hikikomori - Answers - A syndrome of protracted and severe social withdrawal that may
result in complete cessation of in-person interactions with others
Hikikomori diagnostic requirement - Answers - Requires 6 months of social withdrawal
for a diagnosis
Khyal cap - Answers - A syndrome found in Cambodian culture also known as wind
attacks
Khyal cap common symptoms - Answers - Dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath,
cold extremities, and symptoms of anxiety and autonomic arousal (tinnitus and neck
soreness)
Kufungisisa - Answers - An idiom of distress and cultural explanation among the Shona
of Zimbabwe meaning thinking too much
Kufungisisa psychopathology - Answers - Anxiety symptoms, excessive worry, panic
attacks, depressive symptoms, irritability, and PTSD
Brain *** - Answers - A cultural syndrome in Nigeria attributed to excessive study and
include symptoms include feelings of heat or crawling sensations in the head
Maladi dyab - Answers - A cultural explanation in Haitian communities for diverse
medical and psychiatric disorders, or other negative experiences and problems in
functioning
Maladi dyab cause - Answers - Interpersonal envy and malice cause people to harm
their enemies by having sorcerers send illnesses such as psychosis, depression, social
or academic failure, and inability to perform activities of daily living
