PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9c7vyt
1. Endemic native to a local region
2. Etiology study of causes or reasons for phenomena; identifying causative factors in a
disease
3. Idiopathic cause of disease is unknown
EX: Over 95% of ppl with hypertension; cause is unknown’defined as essential
hypertension
4. Latrigenic cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment
EX: Mr. Jones has knee problems and was given Ibuprofen to take. Then in 4-5
months he developed a kidney problem.
5. risk factors a factor that when present increases the likelihood of disease
EX: Smoking increases chance of developing lung cancer but is not a 100%
causation
6. signs objective manifestation of disease
EX: fever, bruise, vomiting
7. symptoms subjective feeling of abnormality in the body (patient's own feeling)
EX: nausea, back pain
8. Which of the follow- B.Bruise
ing is an example of
the clinical manifes-
tation known as a
sign?
A.Nausea
B.Bruise
C.Headache
D.Loss of appetite
Page 1 of 25
, PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9c7vyt
9. Stages of clinical -latent period
course -prodromal period
-subclinical stage
-acute clinical course
-chronic clinical course
-exacerbation
-remission
-convalescence
-sequela
10. latent period (known as incubation period in microbio) time between exposure of tissue
to injurious agent and first appearance of signs/symptoms; also can re-
fer to period during an illness when signs/symptoms temporarily become
mild/disappear
11. prodromal period time during which first signs and/or symptoms appear indicating onset of
disease
12. subclinical patient functions normally; disease processes are well established; no signs
or symptoms but have the disease
EX: subclinical hypothyroidism
13. acute short-lived; may have severe manifestation
14. chronic may last months-years, sometimes following an acute course
15. exacerbation a sudden increase in severity of disease/signs/symptoms
16. remission decrease in severity of signs/symptoms; may indicate that disease is cured
17. convalescence stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure
18. sequela subsequent pathologic condition resulting from an illness
EX of a condition: inflammation causes redness
Page 2 of 25
, PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9c7vyt
19. sensitvity Probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with a
particular condition (has the disease)
20. Specificity probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person without a
particular condition (does not have the disease)
21. endemic disease native to a local region
22. epidemic disease spread to many people at the same time
23. pandemic disease spread to large geographic areas; worldwide
24. allostasis "back to set point"
a dynamic process that maintains or re-establishes homeostasis in light of
environmental and lifestyle changes
25. Homeostasis Ideal set point, state of equilibrium, remaining stable while staying the same,
state in which all systems are in balance
26. negative feedback hypothalamus (TRH) ’pituitary gland (TSH) ’thyroid gland (thyroxine)
too much thyroxine inhibits production of TSH and/or TRH
thyroxine will no longer be produced
thyroid gland will no longer be stimulated by lack of TSH
27. positive feedback "snowball effect" - constantly increasing
child birth
28. HPA axis hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Interaction between the nervous and endocrine systems to produce the
body's response to stress. Elevated levels of one of these hormones may lead
to depression
Page 3 of 25
PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9c7vyt
1. Endemic native to a local region
2. Etiology study of causes or reasons for phenomena; identifying causative factors in a
disease
3. Idiopathic cause of disease is unknown
EX: Over 95% of ppl with hypertension; cause is unknown’defined as essential
hypertension
4. Latrigenic cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment
EX: Mr. Jones has knee problems and was given Ibuprofen to take. Then in 4-5
months he developed a kidney problem.
5. risk factors a factor that when present increases the likelihood of disease
EX: Smoking increases chance of developing lung cancer but is not a 100%
causation
6. signs objective manifestation of disease
EX: fever, bruise, vomiting
7. symptoms subjective feeling of abnormality in the body (patient's own feeling)
EX: nausea, back pain
8. Which of the follow- B.Bruise
ing is an example of
the clinical manifes-
tation known as a
sign?
A.Nausea
B.Bruise
C.Headache
D.Loss of appetite
Page 1 of 25
, PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9c7vyt
9. Stages of clinical -latent period
course -prodromal period
-subclinical stage
-acute clinical course
-chronic clinical course
-exacerbation
-remission
-convalescence
-sequela
10. latent period (known as incubation period in microbio) time between exposure of tissue
to injurious agent and first appearance of signs/symptoms; also can re-
fer to period during an illness when signs/symptoms temporarily become
mild/disappear
11. prodromal period time during which first signs and/or symptoms appear indicating onset of
disease
12. subclinical patient functions normally; disease processes are well established; no signs
or symptoms but have the disease
EX: subclinical hypothyroidism
13. acute short-lived; may have severe manifestation
14. chronic may last months-years, sometimes following an acute course
15. exacerbation a sudden increase in severity of disease/signs/symptoms
16. remission decrease in severity of signs/symptoms; may indicate that disease is cured
17. convalescence stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgical procedure
18. sequela subsequent pathologic condition resulting from an illness
EX of a condition: inflammation causes redness
Page 2 of 25
, PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
PATH 370 W1 (CH 1, 2, 4, 7)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9c7vyt
19. sensitvity Probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with a
particular condition (has the disease)
20. Specificity probability that a test will be negative when applied to a person without a
particular condition (does not have the disease)
21. endemic disease native to a local region
22. epidemic disease spread to many people at the same time
23. pandemic disease spread to large geographic areas; worldwide
24. allostasis "back to set point"
a dynamic process that maintains or re-establishes homeostasis in light of
environmental and lifestyle changes
25. Homeostasis Ideal set point, state of equilibrium, remaining stable while staying the same,
state in which all systems are in balance
26. negative feedback hypothalamus (TRH) ’pituitary gland (TSH) ’thyroid gland (thyroxine)
too much thyroxine inhibits production of TSH and/or TRH
thyroxine will no longer be produced
thyroid gland will no longer be stimulated by lack of TSH
27. positive feedback "snowball effect" - constantly increasing
child birth
28. HPA axis hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Interaction between the nervous and endocrine systems to produce the
body's response to stress. Elevated levels of one of these hormones may lead
to depression
Page 3 of 25
