CSCC BIO 1111 EXAM 4 CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ An organism's phenotype is
1. the action of single genes.
2. its observable properties.
3. not influenced by environment.
4. determined by traits acquired over the life of the organism.
5. All answer choices are correct.
Answer: its observable properties
◉ Convergent evolution means that
1. organisms living in similar habitats may develop similar traits
even though they are not closely related.
2. different organisms will never have similar traits.
3. evolution converges on a desired body form based on an external
plan or design.
4. all species will eventually have the same traits.
5. some life forms are more evolved and therefore superior to other
life forms.
,Answer: organisms living in similar habitats may develop similar
traits even though they are not closely related
◉ The relatively short term changes in allele frequencies within a
species or population is
1. convergent evolution.
2. artificial selection.
3. microevolution.
4. natural selection.
5. the principle of superposition.
Answer: microevolution
◉ The geologist who, in 1830, renewed the idea of
uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some
organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was
1. Charles Darwin.
2. Charles Lyell.
3. James Hutton.
4. Jean Lamarck.
5. Georges Buffon.
Answer: Charles Lyell
,◉ Darwin concluded from his observations of nature and readings
that
1. individuals compete with one another for limited resources and
only the fittest survive.
2. individuals compete with one another for limited resources and
only the fittest reproduce.
3. population growth is unlimited, leading to the large numbers of
organisms.
4. an individual's likelihood of survival and reproduction are mostly
due to chance and changes in the environment.
5. species do not change over time.
Answer: individuals compete with one another for limited resources
and only the fittest reproduce
◉ The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is
fittest and the environment selects against the others is
1. directional selection.
2. disruptive selection.
3. stabilizing selection.
4. artificial selection.
5. convergent selection.
Answer: directional selection
, ◉ The scientist who was the first to recognize the principle of
superposition was
1. Charles Darwin.
2. Georges Cuvier.
3. James Hutton.
4. Georges-Louis Buffon.
5. Charles Lyell.
Answer: Georges Cuvier
◉ Darwin read which of the following in the Essay on the Principle
of Population by Malthus?
1. Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited.
2. Populations grow constantly.
3. An individual's chance of survival is random.
4. Species do not change over time.
5. More individuals of a population are born than survive to
reproduce.
Answer: more individuals of a population are born than survive to
reproduce
◉ The entire collection of genes and their alleles is a population's
1. genotype.
2. phenotype.
EVALUATION 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ An organism's phenotype is
1. the action of single genes.
2. its observable properties.
3. not influenced by environment.
4. determined by traits acquired over the life of the organism.
5. All answer choices are correct.
Answer: its observable properties
◉ Convergent evolution means that
1. organisms living in similar habitats may develop similar traits
even though they are not closely related.
2. different organisms will never have similar traits.
3. evolution converges on a desired body form based on an external
plan or design.
4. all species will eventually have the same traits.
5. some life forms are more evolved and therefore superior to other
life forms.
,Answer: organisms living in similar habitats may develop similar
traits even though they are not closely related
◉ The relatively short term changes in allele frequencies within a
species or population is
1. convergent evolution.
2. artificial selection.
3. microevolution.
4. natural selection.
5. the principle of superposition.
Answer: microevolution
◉ The geologist who, in 1830, renewed the idea of
uniformitarianism by showing that gradual changes in some
organisms could be represented in successive fossil layers was
1. Charles Darwin.
2. Charles Lyell.
3. James Hutton.
4. Jean Lamarck.
5. Georges Buffon.
Answer: Charles Lyell
,◉ Darwin concluded from his observations of nature and readings
that
1. individuals compete with one another for limited resources and
only the fittest survive.
2. individuals compete with one another for limited resources and
only the fittest reproduce.
3. population growth is unlimited, leading to the large numbers of
organisms.
4. an individual's likelihood of survival and reproduction are mostly
due to chance and changes in the environment.
5. species do not change over time.
Answer: individuals compete with one another for limited resources
and only the fittest reproduce
◉ The mode of natural selection in which one extreme phenotype is
fittest and the environment selects against the others is
1. directional selection.
2. disruptive selection.
3. stabilizing selection.
4. artificial selection.
5. convergent selection.
Answer: directional selection
, ◉ The scientist who was the first to recognize the principle of
superposition was
1. Charles Darwin.
2. Georges Cuvier.
3. James Hutton.
4. Georges-Louis Buffon.
5. Charles Lyell.
Answer: Georges Cuvier
◉ Darwin read which of the following in the Essay on the Principle
of Population by Malthus?
1. Organisms are varied and some variations are inherited.
2. Populations grow constantly.
3. An individual's chance of survival is random.
4. Species do not change over time.
5. More individuals of a population are born than survive to
reproduce.
Answer: more individuals of a population are born than survive to
reproduce
◉ The entire collection of genes and their alleles is a population's
1. genotype.
2. phenotype.
