Morfologie 2018-2019
Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding............................................................................................................................6
De term ‘morfologie’..........................................................................................................................6
Woord = vorm + betekenis.................................................................................................................6
Twee soorten betekenis: lexicaal vs. Grammaticaal.......................................................................6
De relatie vorm-betekenis is fundamenteel arbitrair.....................................................................6
Woorddelen: morfemen.....................................................................................................................6
Morfemen en geleedheid...............................................................................................................6
Drie types geleedheid.....................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: De samenstelling...............................................................................................................7
De Right-Hand Head Rule...................................................................................................................7
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een nominaal hoofd.....................................................................7
N+N: type ‘huisdeur’.......................................................................................................................7
A+N: type ‘frisdrank’.......................................................................................................................7
V+N: type ‘koopman’......................................................................................................................8
P+N: type ‘onderdirecteur’.............................................................................................................8
Adv + N: type ‘terugweg’................................................................................................................8
Num + N: type: ‘tweestrijd’.............................................................................................................8
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een adjectivisch hoofd.................................................................8
N+A: type ‘ijzersterk’......................................................................................................................8
A+A: type ‘hoogzwanger’................................................................................................................8
V+A: type ‘kotsmisselijk’.................................................................................................................8
P+A: type ‘doornat’.........................................................................................................................8
Adv+A: type ‘niet-grammaticaal’....................................................................................................9
Num+A: type ‘driedubbel’..............................................................................................................9
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een verbaal hoofd........................................................................9
N+V: type ‘mastklimmen’...............................................................................................................9
A+V: type ‘hoogspringen’...............................................................................................................9
V+V: type ‘schaterlachen’...............................................................................................................9
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een ander hoofd..........................................................................9
P+P: type ‘binnenin’........................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 3: Afleiding door categoriebepalende suffigering.................................................................9
Nominalisering door suffigering.........................................................................................................9
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘schipper’.............................................................................9
1
, Deadjectivische normalisering: type ‘blinde’................................................................................10
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘loper’....................................................................................10
Ander nominalisering: type ‘eenvoud’..........................................................................................10
Adjectivering door suffigering..........................................................................................................10
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘bergachtig’...........................................................................10
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘langzaam’............................................................................11
Deverbatieve adjectivering: type ‘vergeetachtig’.........................................................................11
Andere adjectievering: type ‘opwaarts’........................................................................................11
Verbalisering door suffigering...........................................................................................................11
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘stenigen’..............................................................................11
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘kleineren’............................................................................12
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘trappelen’...............................................................................12
Adverbalisering door suffigering: type ‘domweg’.............................................................................12
Hoofdstuk 4: Afleiding door categorieneutrale prefigering..................................................................12
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘onzin’....................................................................................12
Deadjectivische adjectievering: type ‘ondiep’..................................................................................12
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘herbouwen’.................................................................................13
Hoofdstuk 5: Samenkoppeling, pseudosamensteling en pseudoafleiding............................................13
Samenkoppeling...............................................................................................................................13
Kenmerken van een samenkoppeling...........................................................................................13
P+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘aankomen’.......................................................................................13
Adv+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘samenkomen’..............................................................................14
A+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘goedkeuren’.....................................................................................14
N+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘ademhalen’......................................................................................14
Pseudosamenstelling........................................................................................................................14
Kenmerken van een pseudosamenstelling...................................................................................14
P+V-pseudosamenstelling: type ‘achtervolgen’............................................................................14
Adv+V-pseudosamenstelling: type ‘weerleggen’..........................................................................14
A+V-pseudosamenstelling: type ‘mislukken’................................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 6: Nulafleiding.....................................................................................................................15
Overzicht..........................................................................................................................................15
Categoriebepalende nulafleiding......................................................................................................15
Deadjectivische nominalisering: type ‘(de) crimineel’..................................................................15
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘(de) val’................................................................................15
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘aluminium’...........................................................................15
Deverbatieve adjectivering: type ‘vervelend’...............................................................................15
2
, Denominatieve verballisering: type ‘hamer(en)’..........................................................................15
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘rijp(en).................................................................................16
Andere nulafleiding: type ‘jij(en)’.................................................................................................16
Categorieneutrale nulafleiding.........................................................................................................16
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘(een) koffie’.......................................................................16
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘breugeliaans’.......................................................................16
Hoofdstuk 7: Afleiding door substitutie en extractie............................................................................17
Overzicht..........................................................................................................................................17
Vrijemorfeemsubstitutie: type ‘timmervrouw’.................................................................................17
Affixsubstitutie..................................................................................................................................17
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘logica/logicus....................................................................17
Deadjectivische nominalisering: type ‘Germaans/germanisme’...................................................18
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘doceren/docent’..................................................................18
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘motoriek/motorisch’............................................................18
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘roze/rozig’...........................................................................18
Deverbatieve adjectivering: type ‘accepteren/acceptabel’..........................................................18
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘motief/motiveren’...............................................................18
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘reëel/realiseren’..................................................................18
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘verenigen/herenigen’.............................................................18
Deadjectivische adverbalisering: type ‘eventueel/eventualiter’...................................................18
Vrijmorfeemextractie: type ‘Ier(land)’..............................................................................................18
Affixextractie....................................................................................................................................19
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘filosofie/filosoof’...............................................................19
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘monogamie/monogaam’.....................................................19
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘onkreukbaar/kreukbaar’.....................................................19
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘stofzuiger/stofzuig(en)’........................................................19
Hoofdstuk 8: Structuren van het type ‘hoofd-bepaling’.......................................................................19
Samenstelling van het type ‘hoofd-bepaling’...................................................................................19
N+N: type ‘methode-Paardekooper’............................................................................................19
N+A: type ‘secretaris-generaal’....................................................................................................19
V+N: type ‘klappertanden’............................................................................................................19
Afleiding door categoriebepalende prefigering................................................................................19
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘gezeur’.................................................................................20
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘beklemtonen’.......................................................................20
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘beveiliging’..........................................................................20
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘beklimmen’.............................................................................20
3
Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding............................................................................................................................6
De term ‘morfologie’..........................................................................................................................6
Woord = vorm + betekenis.................................................................................................................6
Twee soorten betekenis: lexicaal vs. Grammaticaal.......................................................................6
De relatie vorm-betekenis is fundamenteel arbitrair.....................................................................6
Woorddelen: morfemen.....................................................................................................................6
Morfemen en geleedheid...............................................................................................................6
Drie types geleedheid.....................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: De samenstelling...............................................................................................................7
De Right-Hand Head Rule...................................................................................................................7
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een nominaal hoofd.....................................................................7
N+N: type ‘huisdeur’.......................................................................................................................7
A+N: type ‘frisdrank’.......................................................................................................................7
V+N: type ‘koopman’......................................................................................................................8
P+N: type ‘onderdirecteur’.............................................................................................................8
Adv + N: type ‘terugweg’................................................................................................................8
Num + N: type: ‘tweestrijd’.............................................................................................................8
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een adjectivisch hoofd.................................................................8
N+A: type ‘ijzersterk’......................................................................................................................8
A+A: type ‘hoogzwanger’................................................................................................................8
V+A: type ‘kotsmisselijk’.................................................................................................................8
P+A: type ‘doornat’.........................................................................................................................8
Adv+A: type ‘niet-grammaticaal’....................................................................................................9
Num+A: type ‘driedubbel’..............................................................................................................9
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een verbaal hoofd........................................................................9
N+V: type ‘mastklimmen’...............................................................................................................9
A+V: type ‘hoogspringen’...............................................................................................................9
V+V: type ‘schaterlachen’...............................................................................................................9
Bepaling-hoofdsamenstelling met een ander hoofd..........................................................................9
P+P: type ‘binnenin’........................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 3: Afleiding door categoriebepalende suffigering.................................................................9
Nominalisering door suffigering.........................................................................................................9
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘schipper’.............................................................................9
1
, Deadjectivische normalisering: type ‘blinde’................................................................................10
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘loper’....................................................................................10
Ander nominalisering: type ‘eenvoud’..........................................................................................10
Adjectivering door suffigering..........................................................................................................10
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘bergachtig’...........................................................................10
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘langzaam’............................................................................11
Deverbatieve adjectivering: type ‘vergeetachtig’.........................................................................11
Andere adjectievering: type ‘opwaarts’........................................................................................11
Verbalisering door suffigering...........................................................................................................11
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘stenigen’..............................................................................11
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘kleineren’............................................................................12
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘trappelen’...............................................................................12
Adverbalisering door suffigering: type ‘domweg’.............................................................................12
Hoofdstuk 4: Afleiding door categorieneutrale prefigering..................................................................12
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘onzin’....................................................................................12
Deadjectivische adjectievering: type ‘ondiep’..................................................................................12
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘herbouwen’.................................................................................13
Hoofdstuk 5: Samenkoppeling, pseudosamensteling en pseudoafleiding............................................13
Samenkoppeling...............................................................................................................................13
Kenmerken van een samenkoppeling...........................................................................................13
P+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘aankomen’.......................................................................................13
Adv+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘samenkomen’..............................................................................14
A+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘goedkeuren’.....................................................................................14
N+V-samenkoppeling: type ‘ademhalen’......................................................................................14
Pseudosamenstelling........................................................................................................................14
Kenmerken van een pseudosamenstelling...................................................................................14
P+V-pseudosamenstelling: type ‘achtervolgen’............................................................................14
Adv+V-pseudosamenstelling: type ‘weerleggen’..........................................................................14
A+V-pseudosamenstelling: type ‘mislukken’................................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 6: Nulafleiding.....................................................................................................................15
Overzicht..........................................................................................................................................15
Categoriebepalende nulafleiding......................................................................................................15
Deadjectivische nominalisering: type ‘(de) crimineel’..................................................................15
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘(de) val’................................................................................15
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘aluminium’...........................................................................15
Deverbatieve adjectivering: type ‘vervelend’...............................................................................15
2
, Denominatieve verballisering: type ‘hamer(en)’..........................................................................15
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘rijp(en).................................................................................16
Andere nulafleiding: type ‘jij(en)’.................................................................................................16
Categorieneutrale nulafleiding.........................................................................................................16
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘(een) koffie’.......................................................................16
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘breugeliaans’.......................................................................16
Hoofdstuk 7: Afleiding door substitutie en extractie............................................................................17
Overzicht..........................................................................................................................................17
Vrijemorfeemsubstitutie: type ‘timmervrouw’.................................................................................17
Affixsubstitutie..................................................................................................................................17
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘logica/logicus....................................................................17
Deadjectivische nominalisering: type ‘Germaans/germanisme’...................................................18
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘doceren/docent’..................................................................18
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘motoriek/motorisch’............................................................18
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘roze/rozig’...........................................................................18
Deverbatieve adjectivering: type ‘accepteren/acceptabel’..........................................................18
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘motief/motiveren’...............................................................18
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘reëel/realiseren’..................................................................18
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘verenigen/herenigen’.............................................................18
Deadjectivische adverbalisering: type ‘eventueel/eventualiter’...................................................18
Vrijmorfeemextractie: type ‘Ier(land)’..............................................................................................18
Affixextractie....................................................................................................................................19
Denominatieve nominalisering: type ‘filosofie/filosoof’...............................................................19
Denominatieve adjectivering: type ‘monogamie/monogaam’.....................................................19
Deadjectivische adjectivering: type ‘onkreukbaar/kreukbaar’.....................................................19
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘stofzuiger/stofzuig(en)’........................................................19
Hoofdstuk 8: Structuren van het type ‘hoofd-bepaling’.......................................................................19
Samenstelling van het type ‘hoofd-bepaling’...................................................................................19
N+N: type ‘methode-Paardekooper’............................................................................................19
N+A: type ‘secretaris-generaal’....................................................................................................19
V+N: type ‘klappertanden’............................................................................................................19
Afleiding door categoriebepalende prefigering................................................................................19
Deverbatieve nominalisering: type ‘gezeur’.................................................................................20
Denominatieve verbalisering: type ‘beklemtonen’.......................................................................20
Deadjectivische verbalisering: type ‘beveiliging’..........................................................................20
Deverbatieve verbalisering: type ‘beklimmen’.............................................................................20
3
