NUR2811 Midterm Exam Review Questions and
ANSWERs
ICHS Nursing Capstone (NUR2811) Exam 100% Pass
Guaranteed Graded A+
Question 1
The nurse plans to include which of the following information in the teaching plan of a client who is
being started on a bile acid resin?
a. Limiting fluids to 1,000 mL/day
b. Limit intake of high-fiber foods to 25 grams/day
c. Take the drug with a large, high-protein meal
d. Take vitamin supplements of folic acid and fat-soluble vitamins
Correct ANSWER: d. Take vitamin supplements of folic acid and fat-soluble vitamins
Rationale: Bile acid resins bind with bile acids in the intestine, which can interfere with the absorption of
fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and folic acid. Option a is incorrect because fluids should be increased,
not limited, to prevent constipation. Option b is incorrect because high-fiber foods should be increased,
not limited. Option c is incorrect because the medication should be taken with meals, but not
specifically high-protein meals.
Question 2
The nurse has taught the client who has stable angina about homecare and the most common side
effects of nitrates which have been prescribed to treat the patient's angina. The nurse determines
teaching has been effective when the client makes which statements? (select all that apply)
a. I may feel dizzy or lightheaded after I take my medication
b. My blood sugars level will increase and I will have to check my blood sugar level after each dose
,c. My skin may become irritated in the area where I have put the patch
d. I may develop a throbbing headache when I take the medication for my angina
e. I may feel my heart is racing while my body is adjusting to the medication
Correct ANSWER: a, c, d, e
Rationale: Nitrates cause vasodilation, leading to dizziness, lightheadedness, and headaches.
Transdermal patches can cause skin irritation. Tachycardia is a compensatory response to vasodilation.
Option b is incorrect because nitrates do not significantly affect blood glucose levels.
Question 3
A client with heart failure is prescribed digoxin. Which finding would indicate to the nurse that the client
is experiencing digoxin toxicity?
a. Heart rate of 72 beats per minute
b. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
c. Yellow-green halos around visual fields
d. Weight gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours
Correct ANSWER: c. Yellow-green halos around visual fields
Rationale: Yellow-green halos are a classic sign of digoxin toxicity. Option a is a normal heart rate.
Option b is within normal limits. Option d indicates fluid retention, which may indicate worsening heart
failure but is not specific to digoxin toxicity.
Question 4
The nurse is caring for a client receiving heparin therapy. Which laboratory value should the nurse
monitor most closely?
a. Serum potassium level
b. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
,c. Prothrombin time (PT)
d. Platelet count
Correct ANSWER: b. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Rationale: PTT is the primary laboratory test used to monitor heparin therapy. Option a is not directly
related to heparin. Option c is used to monitor warfarin therapy. Option d should be monitored for
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia but is not the primary monitoring parameter.
Question 5
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed metformin. The nurse should include which
instruction in the teaching plan?
a. Take the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset
b. Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia throughout the day
c. Expect to see immediate results within 24 hours
d. Take the medication on an empty stomach for best absorption
Correct ANSWER: a. Take the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset
Rationale: Metformin commonly causes GI upset, which can be minimized by taking it with meals.
Option b is incorrect because metformin does not typically cause hypoglycemia. Option c is incorrect
because metformin takes several days to weeks to reach full effectiveness. Option d is incorrect because
taking it on an empty stomach worsens GI side effects.
Question 6
The nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV to a client. Which action is most important
for the nurse to take?
a. Administer the medication as a rapid IV push
b. Dilute the medication and administer via infusion pump
, c. Mix the medication with normal saline and administer over 15 minutes
d. Administer the medication intramuscularly
Correct ANSWER: b. Dilute the medication and administer via infusion pump
Rationale: IV potassium must be diluted and administered slowly via infusion pump to prevent
hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. Option a is contraindicated due to risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Option c is too rapid. Option d is incorrect as potassium is not administered IM.
Question 7
A client is prescribed warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which herbal supplement should the nurse advise
the client to avoid?
a. Garlic
b. Echinacea
c. St. John's Wort
d. Ginkgo biloba
Correct ANSWER: d. Ginkgo biloba
Rationale: Ginkgo biloba increases the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. Option a (garlic) also
increases bleeding risk but to a lesser extent. Option b (echinacea) may decrease warfarin effectiveness.
Option c (St. John's Wort) decreases warfarin effectiveness.
Question 8
The nurse is assessing a client who is taking furosemide. Which finding indicates the client is
experiencing a common side effect of this medication?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypokalemia
c. Hypermagnesemia
ANSWERs
ICHS Nursing Capstone (NUR2811) Exam 100% Pass
Guaranteed Graded A+
Question 1
The nurse plans to include which of the following information in the teaching plan of a client who is
being started on a bile acid resin?
a. Limiting fluids to 1,000 mL/day
b. Limit intake of high-fiber foods to 25 grams/day
c. Take the drug with a large, high-protein meal
d. Take vitamin supplements of folic acid and fat-soluble vitamins
Correct ANSWER: d. Take vitamin supplements of folic acid and fat-soluble vitamins
Rationale: Bile acid resins bind with bile acids in the intestine, which can interfere with the absorption of
fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and folic acid. Option a is incorrect because fluids should be increased,
not limited, to prevent constipation. Option b is incorrect because high-fiber foods should be increased,
not limited. Option c is incorrect because the medication should be taken with meals, but not
specifically high-protein meals.
Question 2
The nurse has taught the client who has stable angina about homecare and the most common side
effects of nitrates which have been prescribed to treat the patient's angina. The nurse determines
teaching has been effective when the client makes which statements? (select all that apply)
a. I may feel dizzy or lightheaded after I take my medication
b. My blood sugars level will increase and I will have to check my blood sugar level after each dose
,c. My skin may become irritated in the area where I have put the patch
d. I may develop a throbbing headache when I take the medication for my angina
e. I may feel my heart is racing while my body is adjusting to the medication
Correct ANSWER: a, c, d, e
Rationale: Nitrates cause vasodilation, leading to dizziness, lightheadedness, and headaches.
Transdermal patches can cause skin irritation. Tachycardia is a compensatory response to vasodilation.
Option b is incorrect because nitrates do not significantly affect blood glucose levels.
Question 3
A client with heart failure is prescribed digoxin. Which finding would indicate to the nurse that the client
is experiencing digoxin toxicity?
a. Heart rate of 72 beats per minute
b. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
c. Yellow-green halos around visual fields
d. Weight gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours
Correct ANSWER: c. Yellow-green halos around visual fields
Rationale: Yellow-green halos are a classic sign of digoxin toxicity. Option a is a normal heart rate.
Option b is within normal limits. Option d indicates fluid retention, which may indicate worsening heart
failure but is not specific to digoxin toxicity.
Question 4
The nurse is caring for a client receiving heparin therapy. Which laboratory value should the nurse
monitor most closely?
a. Serum potassium level
b. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
,c. Prothrombin time (PT)
d. Platelet count
Correct ANSWER: b. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Rationale: PTT is the primary laboratory test used to monitor heparin therapy. Option a is not directly
related to heparin. Option c is used to monitor warfarin therapy. Option d should be monitored for
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia but is not the primary monitoring parameter.
Question 5
A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed metformin. The nurse should include which
instruction in the teaching plan?
a. Take the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset
b. Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia throughout the day
c. Expect to see immediate results within 24 hours
d. Take the medication on an empty stomach for best absorption
Correct ANSWER: a. Take the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset
Rationale: Metformin commonly causes GI upset, which can be minimized by taking it with meals.
Option b is incorrect because metformin does not typically cause hypoglycemia. Option c is incorrect
because metformin takes several days to weeks to reach full effectiveness. Option d is incorrect because
taking it on an empty stomach worsens GI side effects.
Question 6
The nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV to a client. Which action is most important
for the nurse to take?
a. Administer the medication as a rapid IV push
b. Dilute the medication and administer via infusion pump
, c. Mix the medication with normal saline and administer over 15 minutes
d. Administer the medication intramuscularly
Correct ANSWER: b. Dilute the medication and administer via infusion pump
Rationale: IV potassium must be diluted and administered slowly via infusion pump to prevent
hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. Option a is contraindicated due to risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Option c is too rapid. Option d is incorrect as potassium is not administered IM.
Question 7
A client is prescribed warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which herbal supplement should the nurse advise
the client to avoid?
a. Garlic
b. Echinacea
c. St. John's Wort
d. Ginkgo biloba
Correct ANSWER: d. Ginkgo biloba
Rationale: Ginkgo biloba increases the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. Option a (garlic) also
increases bleeding risk but to a lesser extent. Option b (echinacea) may decrease warfarin effectiveness.
Option c (St. John's Wort) decreases warfarin effectiveness.
Question 8
The nurse is assessing a client who is taking furosemide. Which finding indicates the client is
experiencing a common side effect of this medication?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypokalemia
c. Hypermagnesemia
