Anatomy & Physiology ~ Urinary System | Questions with 100%
Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What is the function of the urinary system?
Answer: To remove metabolic wastes from the blood and direct the waste out of the body. Filters blood and
creates waste
Question: What are the urinary system organs?
Answer: Kidneys, 2. Ureters, 2. Urinary bladder, 1. Urethra, 1.
Question: What do the kidneys do?
Answer: Filter blood and produce urine
Question: What do the ureters do?
Answer: Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Question: What does the urinary bladder do?
Answer: temporarily stores urine
Question: What does the urethra do?
Answer: Transports urine from the bladder out of the body.
Question: What do the kidneys look like and where are they located?
Answer: Reddish-brown, bean shaped. Located high on the posterior abdominal wall. Retroperitoneal/behind
the peritoneal lining. Right kidney lies just below the left. About the size of a bar of soap.
Question: What is a renal capsule?
Answer: Tough, fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the kidney
Question: What is the renal cortex?
Answer: Outer portion of the kidney
Question: What is the renal medulla?
Answer: Inner portion of kidney
Question: What are the renal pyramids?
Answer: cone-shaped masses of tissue in the renal medulla.
Question: What are renal columns?
Answer: area of medulla in between pyramids
Question: What is the renal pelvis?
Answer: Superior end of ureter which is expanded to form a funnel/renal sinus
Question: What is a renal papillae
Answer: tip of renal pyramid
, Question: What are minor calyces?
Answer: small cup-like structures which receive urine from papillae
Question: What are major calyces?
Answer: larger cup-like structures which receive urine from the minor calyces.
Question: What are ureters?
Answer: Tubes leading away from the kidneys
Question: What is the hilum?
Answer: Medial indentation. Contains entry/exit for renal blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and ureter.
Question: What does the kidney remove?
Answer: Metabolic wastes. Filters approximately 200 liters of blood every day
Question: What do the kidneys excrete?
Answer: metabolic wastes from the body
Question: What do the kidneys maintain?
Answer: Blood volume (ADH), blood composition, blood pH.
Question: What do the kidneys regulate?
Answer: Blood pressure/enzyme renin
Question: How much blood do renal blood vessels filter every minute?
Answer: 1-2 liters
Question: What is the blood flow pathway?
Answer: Abdominal aorta, renal artery, interlobar artery, arcuate artery, interlobular artery, afferent arteriole,
glommerular capillaries, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, interlobular vein, arcuate vein, interlobar
vein, renal vein , inferior vena cava.
Question: What is a nephron?
Answer: functional unit of kidney.
Question: What is the function of a nephron?
Answer: Filters blood and produces urine
Question: What is a nephron composed of?
Answer: A renal and corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Question: What is a renal corpuscle composed of?
Answer: Glomerulus and glomerular capsule
Question: What is a glomerulus?
Answer: Filtration unit. Cluster of capillaries which contain pores/fenestrations.
Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What is the function of the urinary system?
Answer: To remove metabolic wastes from the blood and direct the waste out of the body. Filters blood and
creates waste
Question: What are the urinary system organs?
Answer: Kidneys, 2. Ureters, 2. Urinary bladder, 1. Urethra, 1.
Question: What do the kidneys do?
Answer: Filter blood and produce urine
Question: What do the ureters do?
Answer: Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Question: What does the urinary bladder do?
Answer: temporarily stores urine
Question: What does the urethra do?
Answer: Transports urine from the bladder out of the body.
Question: What do the kidneys look like and where are they located?
Answer: Reddish-brown, bean shaped. Located high on the posterior abdominal wall. Retroperitoneal/behind
the peritoneal lining. Right kidney lies just below the left. About the size of a bar of soap.
Question: What is a renal capsule?
Answer: Tough, fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the kidney
Question: What is the renal cortex?
Answer: Outer portion of the kidney
Question: What is the renal medulla?
Answer: Inner portion of kidney
Question: What are the renal pyramids?
Answer: cone-shaped masses of tissue in the renal medulla.
Question: What are renal columns?
Answer: area of medulla in between pyramids
Question: What is the renal pelvis?
Answer: Superior end of ureter which is expanded to form a funnel/renal sinus
Question: What is a renal papillae
Answer: tip of renal pyramid
, Question: What are minor calyces?
Answer: small cup-like structures which receive urine from papillae
Question: What are major calyces?
Answer: larger cup-like structures which receive urine from the minor calyces.
Question: What are ureters?
Answer: Tubes leading away from the kidneys
Question: What is the hilum?
Answer: Medial indentation. Contains entry/exit for renal blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and ureter.
Question: What does the kidney remove?
Answer: Metabolic wastes. Filters approximately 200 liters of blood every day
Question: What do the kidneys excrete?
Answer: metabolic wastes from the body
Question: What do the kidneys maintain?
Answer: Blood volume (ADH), blood composition, blood pH.
Question: What do the kidneys regulate?
Answer: Blood pressure/enzyme renin
Question: How much blood do renal blood vessels filter every minute?
Answer: 1-2 liters
Question: What is the blood flow pathway?
Answer: Abdominal aorta, renal artery, interlobar artery, arcuate artery, interlobular artery, afferent arteriole,
glommerular capillaries, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, interlobular vein, arcuate vein, interlobar
vein, renal vein , inferior vena cava.
Question: What is a nephron?
Answer: functional unit of kidney.
Question: What is the function of a nephron?
Answer: Filters blood and produces urine
Question: What is a nephron composed of?
Answer: A renal and corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Question: What is a renal corpuscle composed of?
Answer: Glomerulus and glomerular capsule
Question: What is a glomerulus?
Answer: Filtration unit. Cluster of capillaries which contain pores/fenestrations.
