Anatomy & Physiology - Chapter 2 | Questions with 100%
Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: elements
Answer: substance composed of only one type of atom that cannot be broken into simpler constituents by
chemical means
Question: compounds
Answer: chemical combination of two or more elements
Question: atoms
Answer: smallest particle of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element; particles that
combine to form molecules
Question: subatomic particles
Answer: particles that make up atoms; neutrons, protons, electrons
Question: nucleus
Answer: dense, central core of an atom
Question: protons
Answer: positively charged subatomic particle
Question: neutrons
Answer: neutral subatomic particle
Question: electrons
Answer: small, negatively charged subatomic particle
Question: atomic number
Answer: number of protons in an atom of an element
Question: mass number (atomic mass)
Answer: number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom of an element
Question: energy level
Answer: limited region surrounding the nucleus of an atom at a certain distance containing electrons; shell
Question: octet rule
Answer: atoms with fewer or more than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or
share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability
Question: inert
Answer: stable element; maximum amount of electrons in outer shell
, Question: atomic weight
Answer: average atomic mass of an atom of an element as it is found in nature; atomic weights are usually
found in the periodic table of elements
Question: radioisotope
Answer: unstable isotope that undergoes nuclear breakdown and emits nuclear particles and radiation
Question: decay
Answer: emition of nuclear particles and radiation
Question: chemical reaction
Answer: interaction between two or more atoms that occurs as a result of activity between electrons in their
outermost energy levels
Question: molecules
Answer: two or more atoms covalently joined together
Question: chemical bonds
Answer: energy relationship joining two or more atoms; involves sharing or exchange of electrons
Question: ions
Answer: electrically charged atom or group of atoms
Question: ionic bond (electrovalent bond)
Answer: formed by transfer of electrons; strong electrostatic force that binds positively and negatively charged
ions together
Question: covalent bond
Answer: formed by sharing of electron pairs between atoms
Question: single covalent bond
Answer: covalent bond with only one pair of shared electrons
Question: double covalent bond
Answer: covalent bond with two pairs of shared electrons
Question: hydrogen bond
Answer: weak chemical bond that occurs between the partial positive charge on a hydrogen atom covalently
bound to a nitrogen or oxygen atom and the partial negative charge of another polar molecule
Question: polar molecule
Answer: molecule in which the electrical charge is not evenly distributed, causing one side of the molecule to
be more positive or negative than the other
Question: synthesis reaction
Answer: combining of two or more substances to form a more complex substance A + B -> AB
Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: elements
Answer: substance composed of only one type of atom that cannot be broken into simpler constituents by
chemical means
Question: compounds
Answer: chemical combination of two or more elements
Question: atoms
Answer: smallest particle of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element; particles that
combine to form molecules
Question: subatomic particles
Answer: particles that make up atoms; neutrons, protons, electrons
Question: nucleus
Answer: dense, central core of an atom
Question: protons
Answer: positively charged subatomic particle
Question: neutrons
Answer: neutral subatomic particle
Question: electrons
Answer: small, negatively charged subatomic particle
Question: atomic number
Answer: number of protons in an atom of an element
Question: mass number (atomic mass)
Answer: number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom of an element
Question: energy level
Answer: limited region surrounding the nucleus of an atom at a certain distance containing electrons; shell
Question: octet rule
Answer: atoms with fewer or more than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or
share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability
Question: inert
Answer: stable element; maximum amount of electrons in outer shell
, Question: atomic weight
Answer: average atomic mass of an atom of an element as it is found in nature; atomic weights are usually
found in the periodic table of elements
Question: radioisotope
Answer: unstable isotope that undergoes nuclear breakdown and emits nuclear particles and radiation
Question: decay
Answer: emition of nuclear particles and radiation
Question: chemical reaction
Answer: interaction between two or more atoms that occurs as a result of activity between electrons in their
outermost energy levels
Question: molecules
Answer: two or more atoms covalently joined together
Question: chemical bonds
Answer: energy relationship joining two or more atoms; involves sharing or exchange of electrons
Question: ions
Answer: electrically charged atom or group of atoms
Question: ionic bond (electrovalent bond)
Answer: formed by transfer of electrons; strong electrostatic force that binds positively and negatively charged
ions together
Question: covalent bond
Answer: formed by sharing of electron pairs between atoms
Question: single covalent bond
Answer: covalent bond with only one pair of shared electrons
Question: double covalent bond
Answer: covalent bond with two pairs of shared electrons
Question: hydrogen bond
Answer: weak chemical bond that occurs between the partial positive charge on a hydrogen atom covalently
bound to a nitrogen or oxygen atom and the partial negative charge of another polar molecule
Question: polar molecule
Answer: molecule in which the electrical charge is not evenly distributed, causing one side of the molecule to
be more positive or negative than the other
Question: synthesis reaction
Answer: combining of two or more substances to form a more complex substance A + B -> AB
