MED-SURG II FINAL STUDY SHEET 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
◍ The nurse assesses a patient with papillary muscle dysfunction.
Which observation supports the patient's diagnosis?
A. Crackles
B. S3 heart sound
C. Murmur at the cardiac apex
D. Deep sound noted when auscultating at the lower sternal border. Ans:
C. Murmur at the cardiac apex
◍ Which is a characteristic of a complicated lesion?
A. Platelet aggregation and adhesion
B. Lipid-filled smooth muscle cells
C. Fibrous plaque formation
D. Transport of lipids into arterial intima. Ans: A. Platelet aggregation
and adhesion
◍ Which statement by an 84-year-old patient with coronary artery
disease (CAD) indicates understanding of discharge teaching about
physical activity?
A. I can stop exercising as soon as my cardiac symptoms disappear
,B. I have to exercise for longer periods of time and more vigorously
compared with younger people
C. I should exercise outside all the time to achieve better results
D. I will use longer rest periods between exercise sessions. Ans: D. I will
use longer rest periods between exercise sessions
◍ The nurse is providing teaching to a patient recovering from a
myocardial infarction (MI). How should resumption of sexual activity be
discussed?
A. Delegated to the HCP
B. Discussed along with other physical activities
C. Avoided because it is embarrassing to the patient
D. Accomplished by providing the patient with written material. Ans: B.
Discussed along with other physical activities
◍ The nurse provides information to a patient about ways to decrease
risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Which statement by the
patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. I will add weightlifting to my daily exercise program
B. I will change my diet to increase my intake of saturated fats
C. I need to switch to smokeless tobacco instead of smoking cigarettes
D. I will change my lifestyle to alter patterns that add to my stress. Ans:
D. I will change my lifestyle to alter patterns that add to my stress
,◍ The nurse is preparing an initial care plan for a patient that presents
with chest pain. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Monitor the patient's ECG
B. Advising the patient to avoid heavy meals and extreme weather
conditions
C. Encouraging verbalization of feelings, perceptions and fears
D. Discuss the losses associated with chronic illness. Ans: A. Monitor
the patient's ECG
◍ During the 48 hours after a myocardial infarction (MI), a nurse should
assign the highest priority to monitoring the patient for what
complication?
A. Dysrhythmias
B. Anxiety and fear
C. Metabolic Acidosis
D. Medication side effects. Ans: A. Dysrhythmias
◍ A patient experiences anginal pain. What is an appropriate nursing
intervention?
A. Place the patient in the recumbent position during the attack
B. Encourage a salt-rich diet to prevent orthostatic hypotension
C. Position the patient upright and administer oxygen
D. Encourage the patient to do isometric exercises. Ans: C. Position the
patient upright and administer oxygen
, ◍ A patient with chronic stable angina has received a prescription for
sublingual (SL) nitroglycerin. The nurse tells the patient that orthostatic
hypotension is a side effect of the drug. What should the nurse include in
the patient's teaching about preventing complications associated with the
side effect?
A. Take your BP daily and record the measurement
B. Take the medication with each meal while you are seated
C. Avoid sudden changes in position after taking nitroglycerin to prevent
falls
D. If the medication causes a tingling sensation, this indicates that
hypotension will be more severe. Ans: C. Avoid sudden changes in
position after taking nitroglycerin to prevent falls
◍ The nurse provides medication teaching to a patient who has been
prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which statement made by the
patient indicates the need for further education?
A. When I put the tablet under my tongue, I should feel a tingling
sensation
B. I can take as many tablets as needed until the pain goes away, each
five minutes apart
C. I will need to be careful when I stand up because nitroglycerin can
cause dizziness
D. If chest pain occurs, I will stop what I'm doing and put a tablet under
my tongue. Ans: B. I can take as many tablets as needed until the pain
goes away, each five minutes apart
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
◍ The nurse assesses a patient with papillary muscle dysfunction.
Which observation supports the patient's diagnosis?
A. Crackles
B. S3 heart sound
C. Murmur at the cardiac apex
D. Deep sound noted when auscultating at the lower sternal border. Ans:
C. Murmur at the cardiac apex
◍ Which is a characteristic of a complicated lesion?
A. Platelet aggregation and adhesion
B. Lipid-filled smooth muscle cells
C. Fibrous plaque formation
D. Transport of lipids into arterial intima. Ans: A. Platelet aggregation
and adhesion
◍ Which statement by an 84-year-old patient with coronary artery
disease (CAD) indicates understanding of discharge teaching about
physical activity?
A. I can stop exercising as soon as my cardiac symptoms disappear
,B. I have to exercise for longer periods of time and more vigorously
compared with younger people
C. I should exercise outside all the time to achieve better results
D. I will use longer rest periods between exercise sessions. Ans: D. I will
use longer rest periods between exercise sessions
◍ The nurse is providing teaching to a patient recovering from a
myocardial infarction (MI). How should resumption of sexual activity be
discussed?
A. Delegated to the HCP
B. Discussed along with other physical activities
C. Avoided because it is embarrassing to the patient
D. Accomplished by providing the patient with written material. Ans: B.
Discussed along with other physical activities
◍ The nurse provides information to a patient about ways to decrease
risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Which statement by the
patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. I will add weightlifting to my daily exercise program
B. I will change my diet to increase my intake of saturated fats
C. I need to switch to smokeless tobacco instead of smoking cigarettes
D. I will change my lifestyle to alter patterns that add to my stress. Ans:
D. I will change my lifestyle to alter patterns that add to my stress
,◍ The nurse is preparing an initial care plan for a patient that presents
with chest pain. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Monitor the patient's ECG
B. Advising the patient to avoid heavy meals and extreme weather
conditions
C. Encouraging verbalization of feelings, perceptions and fears
D. Discuss the losses associated with chronic illness. Ans: A. Monitor
the patient's ECG
◍ During the 48 hours after a myocardial infarction (MI), a nurse should
assign the highest priority to monitoring the patient for what
complication?
A. Dysrhythmias
B. Anxiety and fear
C. Metabolic Acidosis
D. Medication side effects. Ans: A. Dysrhythmias
◍ A patient experiences anginal pain. What is an appropriate nursing
intervention?
A. Place the patient in the recumbent position during the attack
B. Encourage a salt-rich diet to prevent orthostatic hypotension
C. Position the patient upright and administer oxygen
D. Encourage the patient to do isometric exercises. Ans: C. Position the
patient upright and administer oxygen
, ◍ A patient with chronic stable angina has received a prescription for
sublingual (SL) nitroglycerin. The nurse tells the patient that orthostatic
hypotension is a side effect of the drug. What should the nurse include in
the patient's teaching about preventing complications associated with the
side effect?
A. Take your BP daily and record the measurement
B. Take the medication with each meal while you are seated
C. Avoid sudden changes in position after taking nitroglycerin to prevent
falls
D. If the medication causes a tingling sensation, this indicates that
hypotension will be more severe. Ans: C. Avoid sudden changes in
position after taking nitroglycerin to prevent falls
◍ The nurse provides medication teaching to a patient who has been
prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which statement made by the
patient indicates the need for further education?
A. When I put the tablet under my tongue, I should feel a tingling
sensation
B. I can take as many tablets as needed until the pain goes away, each
five minutes apart
C. I will need to be careful when I stand up because nitroglycerin can
cause dizziness
D. If chest pain occurs, I will stop what I'm doing and put a tablet under
my tongue. Ans: B. I can take as many tablets as needed until the pain
goes away, each five minutes apart
