CMN 548 FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
⩥ What is psychoanalysis? Ans: •Use of the couch for therapy so that
the therapist can engage in "free association" without the interference of
looking at the analyst; sessions usually 3-4 days per week, from 3-5
years or more
⩥ What is the psychodynamic approach? Ans: •Usually 1-2 times
weekly, no couch, considered a potent tool of treatment, but not as
"comprehensive" as a formal analysis, length of therapy may vary from
brief to long-term
⩥ What is transference? Ans: what the patient projects onto the analyst
from their unresolved past experiences
⩥ What is countertransference? Ans: what the analyst projects onto the
patient
⩥ Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Training:. Ans: usually a two year
course of study post-graduate, for those who would like to practice
psychotherapy under this model
,⩥ Psychoanalytic Training:. Ans: a four-year course of post-graduate
study which also includes completion of a personal psychoanalysis and
successful analysis of at least two patients under supervision
⩥ GOALS OF PSYCHOANALYSIS. Ans: •To produce a fundamental
change in character
•The uncovering of unconscious conflicts
•To induce behavioral change motivated by new insights
•To correct developmental fixations and create more adult responses to
situations that occur
•Freud: "To be able to love and to work."
⩥ Fundamental tools for psychoanalysis:. Ans: •Fundamental tools
include: (1) Acceptance of the patient for who they are, (2)
Understandingconscious and unconscious contributions to the person's
character, and (3) Interpretation of behaviors and thoughts based on # 2
⩥ JUNGIAN ANALYSIS. Ans: De-emphasizes psychosexual
development
•Talks about two psychological types: The Introvert and the Extrovert
•Places an emphasis on the "Collective Unconscious": that unconscious
part of us that is inherited from many many generations past, whose
, experiences and memories are rooted in each of us in some particular
way
•Speaks of the anima (the unconscious feminine component in every
man) and the animus (the unconscious masculine component in every
woman) and how these are played out in both health and pathology
⩥ Who is the father of behaviorism? Ans: Watson
⩥ Classical Conditioning (Pavlov). Ans: •experiments on feeding dogs
at certain times with use of a bell ahead of time induced salivation
⩥ •Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner). Ans: the "Skinner Box" used to
train rats to eat by use of reward of hitting a lever; this led to principles
of reinforcement and punishment
⩥ Example of Positive reinforcement:. Ans: To encourage better grades
in school, a parent might allow a child to play more video games if they
keep their grades up
⩥ Example of Negative reinforcement:. Ans: A child is adverse to his
father's nagging; to improve the child's behavior the father stops nagging
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
⩥ What is psychoanalysis? Ans: •Use of the couch for therapy so that
the therapist can engage in "free association" without the interference of
looking at the analyst; sessions usually 3-4 days per week, from 3-5
years or more
⩥ What is the psychodynamic approach? Ans: •Usually 1-2 times
weekly, no couch, considered a potent tool of treatment, but not as
"comprehensive" as a formal analysis, length of therapy may vary from
brief to long-term
⩥ What is transference? Ans: what the patient projects onto the analyst
from their unresolved past experiences
⩥ What is countertransference? Ans: what the analyst projects onto the
patient
⩥ Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Training:. Ans: usually a two year
course of study post-graduate, for those who would like to practice
psychotherapy under this model
,⩥ Psychoanalytic Training:. Ans: a four-year course of post-graduate
study which also includes completion of a personal psychoanalysis and
successful analysis of at least two patients under supervision
⩥ GOALS OF PSYCHOANALYSIS. Ans: •To produce a fundamental
change in character
•The uncovering of unconscious conflicts
•To induce behavioral change motivated by new insights
•To correct developmental fixations and create more adult responses to
situations that occur
•Freud: "To be able to love and to work."
⩥ Fundamental tools for psychoanalysis:. Ans: •Fundamental tools
include: (1) Acceptance of the patient for who they are, (2)
Understandingconscious and unconscious contributions to the person's
character, and (3) Interpretation of behaviors and thoughts based on # 2
⩥ JUNGIAN ANALYSIS. Ans: De-emphasizes psychosexual
development
•Talks about two psychological types: The Introvert and the Extrovert
•Places an emphasis on the "Collective Unconscious": that unconscious
part of us that is inherited from many many generations past, whose
, experiences and memories are rooted in each of us in some particular
way
•Speaks of the anima (the unconscious feminine component in every
man) and the animus (the unconscious masculine component in every
woman) and how these are played out in both health and pathology
⩥ Who is the father of behaviorism? Ans: Watson
⩥ Classical Conditioning (Pavlov). Ans: •experiments on feeding dogs
at certain times with use of a bell ahead of time induced salivation
⩥ •Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner). Ans: the "Skinner Box" used to
train rats to eat by use of reward of hitting a lever; this led to principles
of reinforcement and punishment
⩥ Example of Positive reinforcement:. Ans: To encourage better grades
in school, a parent might allow a child to play more video games if they
keep their grades up
⩥ Example of Negative reinforcement:. Ans: A child is adverse to his
father's nagging; to improve the child's behavior the father stops nagging
•Remember: positive (something added); negative (something removed)
