WGU C190 BIOLOGY EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE
◉ Biotic.
Answer: Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at
some point in time
◉ Atom.
Answer: Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a dense
nucleus surrounded by electrons.
◉ Molecule.
Answer: Second level. A chemical structure consisting of at least two
atoms held together by a chemical bond.
◉ Macromolecule.
Answer: Third level. Biologically important molecules that are
technically polymers. Example: DNA.
◉ Cell.
Answer: Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny
droplet of water and other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or
,membrane. The smallest and simplest entity that possesses all the
characteristics of life.
◉ Organelle.
Answer: Fifth level. Compartments inside the cell that contain
specific groups of macromolecules and carry out specific cellular
functions. One of these organelles is the nucleus; it encloses the DNA
within the cell.
◉ Microorganism.
Answer: Sixth level. Single-celled life form. Consists of just one cell
and include unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protists.
◉ Tissue.
Answer: Seventh level. Formed when similar cells work together to
fulfill the same detailed function.
◉ Organ.
Answer: Eighth level. Collections of tissues that work together to
carry out a common general function. Present not only in higher
level animals but also in plants.
◉ Organ System.
,Answer: Ninth level. Consists of functionally related organs.
Mammals have many.
◉ Organism.
Answer: Tenth Level. Individual living entities that survive and
reproduce as a unit. For example, each tree in a forest.
◉ Population.
Answer: Eleventh level. Consists of all the individuals of a species
living within a specific area.
◉ Community.
Answer: Twelfth level. Populations can interact with each other in
positive and negative ways, and together they form this.
◉ Ecosystem.
Answer: Thirteenth level. Consists of all the living things in a
particular area together with the abiotic, or nonliving, parts of that
environment.
◉ Biosphere.
Answer: Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living
systems. The collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all
habitable zones on the planet, including land, soil, and rocks to a
, great depth in the Earth's crust; water and ice; and the atmosphere
to a great height.
◉ Emergent Properties.
Answer: Characteristics of a system that are not present in any of its
component parts.
◉ Biology.
Answer: The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that
studies living organisms and the way organisms interact with their
environments.
◉ Homeostasis.
Answer: The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintain
stable internal conditions.
◉ Nutrient.
Answer: Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself.
◉ Energy.
Answer: The capacity to do work or to make a change in the location,
temperature, or structure of matter. Does not have mass and it does
not take up space, but it can be measured in terms of what it does.
STUDY GUIDE
◉ Biotic.
Answer: Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at
some point in time
◉ Atom.
Answer: Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a dense
nucleus surrounded by electrons.
◉ Molecule.
Answer: Second level. A chemical structure consisting of at least two
atoms held together by a chemical bond.
◉ Macromolecule.
Answer: Third level. Biologically important molecules that are
technically polymers. Example: DNA.
◉ Cell.
Answer: Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny
droplet of water and other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or
,membrane. The smallest and simplest entity that possesses all the
characteristics of life.
◉ Organelle.
Answer: Fifth level. Compartments inside the cell that contain
specific groups of macromolecules and carry out specific cellular
functions. One of these organelles is the nucleus; it encloses the DNA
within the cell.
◉ Microorganism.
Answer: Sixth level. Single-celled life form. Consists of just one cell
and include unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protists.
◉ Tissue.
Answer: Seventh level. Formed when similar cells work together to
fulfill the same detailed function.
◉ Organ.
Answer: Eighth level. Collections of tissues that work together to
carry out a common general function. Present not only in higher
level animals but also in plants.
◉ Organ System.
,Answer: Ninth level. Consists of functionally related organs.
Mammals have many.
◉ Organism.
Answer: Tenth Level. Individual living entities that survive and
reproduce as a unit. For example, each tree in a forest.
◉ Population.
Answer: Eleventh level. Consists of all the individuals of a species
living within a specific area.
◉ Community.
Answer: Twelfth level. Populations can interact with each other in
positive and negative ways, and together they form this.
◉ Ecosystem.
Answer: Thirteenth level. Consists of all the living things in a
particular area together with the abiotic, or nonliving, parts of that
environment.
◉ Biosphere.
Answer: Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living
systems. The collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all
habitable zones on the planet, including land, soil, and rocks to a
, great depth in the Earth's crust; water and ice; and the atmosphere
to a great height.
◉ Emergent Properties.
Answer: Characteristics of a system that are not present in any of its
component parts.
◉ Biology.
Answer: The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that
studies living organisms and the way organisms interact with their
environments.
◉ Homeostasis.
Answer: The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintain
stable internal conditions.
◉ Nutrient.
Answer: Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself.
◉ Energy.
Answer: The capacity to do work or to make a change in the location,
temperature, or structure of matter. Does not have mass and it does
not take up space, but it can be measured in terms of what it does.
