NURSING 6700 EXAM 1 TEST BANK
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ALREADY PASSED RESOURCE
●● *Subjective data*
Answer: *Subjective data* consist of information provided by the
affected individual.
●● *Objective data*
Answer: *Objective data* include information obtained by the health
care provider through physical assessment, the patient's record, and
laboratory studies.
●● *The database*
Answer: The *database* is the totality of information available about the
patient. The purpose of assessment is to make a judgment or diagnosis.
●● *Diagnostic reasoning*
Answer: *Diagnostic reasoning* is the process of analyzing health data
and drawing conclusions to identify diagnoses.
●● Diagnostic reasoning has which four major components?
Answer: *Diagnostic reasoning* has which four major components?
,(1) *Attending to* initially available *cues*, which are pieces of
information, signs, symptoms, or laboratory data;
(2) *Formulating diagnostic hypotheses*, which are tentative
explanations for a cue or a set of cues and can serve as a basis for further
investigation;
(3) *Gathering data* relative to the tentative hypotheses;
(4) *evaluating each hypothesis* with the new data collected, which
leads to a final diagnosis.
●● The *nursing process* includes which six phases?
Answer: The *nursing process* includes which six phases?
(1) *assessment*,
(2) *diagnosis*,
(3) *outcome identification*,
(4) *planning*,
(5) *implementation*, and
(6) *evaluation*.
It is a dynamic, interactive process in which practitioners move back and
forth within the steps.
●● The *novice nurse*
Answer: The *novice nurse* has no experience with specific patient
populations and uses rules to guide performance.
,●● The *experienced nurse*
Answer: The *experienced nurse* understands a patient situation as a
whole rather than as a list of tasks, attends to an assessment data pattern,
and acts without consciously labeling it.
●● *Critical thinking*
Answer: *Critical thinking* is the multidimensional thinking process
needed for sound diagnostic reasoning and clinical judgment. Seventeen
critical thinking skills have been identified, including *setting
priorities.*
●● *First-level priority problems*
Answer: *First-level priority problems* are emergent, life-threatening,
and immediate, such as establishing an airway or supporting breathing.
●● *Second-level priority problems*
Answer: *Second-level priority problems* are next in urgency. They
require prompt intervention to prevent deterioration, and may include a
mental status change or acute pain.
●● *Third-level priority problems*
Answer: *Third-level priority problems* are important to the patient's
health, but can be addressed after more urgent problems. Examples
include lack of knowledge or family coping.
, ●● Evidence-based practice
Answer: Evidence-based practice is a systematic approach to practice
that uses the *best evidence,* the *clinician's experience,* and the
*patient's preferences and values* to make decisions about care and
treatment.
●● Every examiner needs to collect *four kinds of databases* based on
the situation. What are the four kinds of databases?
Answer: Every examiner needs to collect *four kinds of databases*
based on the situation. What are the four kinds of databases?
(1) A *complete (or total health) database* includes a complete health
history and a full physical examination.
(2) A *focused (or problem-centered) database* is used for a limited or
short-term problem. It is smaller in scope and more targeted than the
complete database.
(3) A *follow-up database* evaluates the status of any identified
problem at regular intervals to follow up on short-term or chronic health
problems.
(4) An *emergency database* calls for rapid collection of data, which
commonly occurs while performing lifesaving measures.
●● The *biomedical model*
Answer: The *biomedical model* of Western medicine views health as
the absence of disease. It focuses on collecting data on biophysical signs
and symptoms and on curing disease.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ALREADY PASSED RESOURCE
●● *Subjective data*
Answer: *Subjective data* consist of information provided by the
affected individual.
●● *Objective data*
Answer: *Objective data* include information obtained by the health
care provider through physical assessment, the patient's record, and
laboratory studies.
●● *The database*
Answer: The *database* is the totality of information available about the
patient. The purpose of assessment is to make a judgment or diagnosis.
●● *Diagnostic reasoning*
Answer: *Diagnostic reasoning* is the process of analyzing health data
and drawing conclusions to identify diagnoses.
●● Diagnostic reasoning has which four major components?
Answer: *Diagnostic reasoning* has which four major components?
,(1) *Attending to* initially available *cues*, which are pieces of
information, signs, symptoms, or laboratory data;
(2) *Formulating diagnostic hypotheses*, which are tentative
explanations for a cue or a set of cues and can serve as a basis for further
investigation;
(3) *Gathering data* relative to the tentative hypotheses;
(4) *evaluating each hypothesis* with the new data collected, which
leads to a final diagnosis.
●● The *nursing process* includes which six phases?
Answer: The *nursing process* includes which six phases?
(1) *assessment*,
(2) *diagnosis*,
(3) *outcome identification*,
(4) *planning*,
(5) *implementation*, and
(6) *evaluation*.
It is a dynamic, interactive process in which practitioners move back and
forth within the steps.
●● The *novice nurse*
Answer: The *novice nurse* has no experience with specific patient
populations and uses rules to guide performance.
,●● The *experienced nurse*
Answer: The *experienced nurse* understands a patient situation as a
whole rather than as a list of tasks, attends to an assessment data pattern,
and acts without consciously labeling it.
●● *Critical thinking*
Answer: *Critical thinking* is the multidimensional thinking process
needed for sound diagnostic reasoning and clinical judgment. Seventeen
critical thinking skills have been identified, including *setting
priorities.*
●● *First-level priority problems*
Answer: *First-level priority problems* are emergent, life-threatening,
and immediate, such as establishing an airway or supporting breathing.
●● *Second-level priority problems*
Answer: *Second-level priority problems* are next in urgency. They
require prompt intervention to prevent deterioration, and may include a
mental status change or acute pain.
●● *Third-level priority problems*
Answer: *Third-level priority problems* are important to the patient's
health, but can be addressed after more urgent problems. Examples
include lack of knowledge or family coping.
, ●● Evidence-based practice
Answer: Evidence-based practice is a systematic approach to practice
that uses the *best evidence,* the *clinician's experience,* and the
*patient's preferences and values* to make decisions about care and
treatment.
●● Every examiner needs to collect *four kinds of databases* based on
the situation. What are the four kinds of databases?
Answer: Every examiner needs to collect *four kinds of databases*
based on the situation. What are the four kinds of databases?
(1) A *complete (or total health) database* includes a complete health
history and a full physical examination.
(2) A *focused (or problem-centered) database* is used for a limited or
short-term problem. It is smaller in scope and more targeted than the
complete database.
(3) A *follow-up database* evaluates the status of any identified
problem at regular intervals to follow up on short-term or chronic health
problems.
(4) An *emergency database* calls for rapid collection of data, which
commonly occurs while performing lifesaving measures.
●● The *biomedical model*
Answer: The *biomedical model* of Western medicine views health as
the absence of disease. It focuses on collecting data on biophysical signs
and symptoms and on curing disease.
