MICR 271 -Module 2 Review Questions
and Answers.
what is a virion? - Answer genetic material surrounded by protein capsid
what is the difference between enveloped viruses and nonenveloped viruses? - Answer
enveloped: surrounded by lipid bilayer, lipids and carbohydrates and proteins
non-enveloped: simplest virion, capsid made of protein
what are the 5 steps to the bacteriophage assembly line? - Answer 1. infection
2. replication of viral genetic information
3. production of viral proteins
4. assembly of viruses
5. lysis of the bacterium
3 steps of a viral lifecycle - Answer 1. genetic material enters host cell
2. host machinery is used to produce genetic material --> proteins
3. new virions assembled, leaving host cell
what are bacteriophages? - Answer viruses that infect bacteria
what are the 2 ways bacteriophages infect bacteria? - Answer 1. lytic cycle
2. lysogenic cycle
5 stages of lytic cycle - Answer 1. attachment
2. injection
, 3. replication/transcription
4. assembly
5. lysis
5 stages of lysogenic cycle - Answer 1. attachment
2. integration
3. replication
4. induction
5. decision (lytic or lysogenic depending on environment cell is in)
key difference between lytic and lysogenic cycle - Answer lytic cycle: immediate destruction of
host bacterium
lysogenic cycle: integration of phage DNA into the bacterial chromosome
in the lysogenic cycle, the genetic material of a bacteriophage is incorporated into the genome
of a host cell. certain environmental cues can induce this bacteriophage to enter a lytic cycle.
starting with a bacterial cell in which a bacteriophage genome is located in the bacterial
chromosome, which of the following steps would occur earliest if this bacteriophage were to
change from a lysogenic cycle to a lytic cycle?
A) bacteriophages inject their genetic material through the cell wall into the cytoplasm of the
bacterial cell
B) the bacteriophage uses bacterial ribosomes to produce proteins
C) bacteriophage proteins degrade the bacterial cell wall
and Answers.
what is a virion? - Answer genetic material surrounded by protein capsid
what is the difference between enveloped viruses and nonenveloped viruses? - Answer
enveloped: surrounded by lipid bilayer, lipids and carbohydrates and proteins
non-enveloped: simplest virion, capsid made of protein
what are the 5 steps to the bacteriophage assembly line? - Answer 1. infection
2. replication of viral genetic information
3. production of viral proteins
4. assembly of viruses
5. lysis of the bacterium
3 steps of a viral lifecycle - Answer 1. genetic material enters host cell
2. host machinery is used to produce genetic material --> proteins
3. new virions assembled, leaving host cell
what are bacteriophages? - Answer viruses that infect bacteria
what are the 2 ways bacteriophages infect bacteria? - Answer 1. lytic cycle
2. lysogenic cycle
5 stages of lytic cycle - Answer 1. attachment
2. injection
, 3. replication/transcription
4. assembly
5. lysis
5 stages of lysogenic cycle - Answer 1. attachment
2. integration
3. replication
4. induction
5. decision (lytic or lysogenic depending on environment cell is in)
key difference between lytic and lysogenic cycle - Answer lytic cycle: immediate destruction of
host bacterium
lysogenic cycle: integration of phage DNA into the bacterial chromosome
in the lysogenic cycle, the genetic material of a bacteriophage is incorporated into the genome
of a host cell. certain environmental cues can induce this bacteriophage to enter a lytic cycle.
starting with a bacterial cell in which a bacteriophage genome is located in the bacterial
chromosome, which of the following steps would occur earliest if this bacteriophage were to
change from a lysogenic cycle to a lytic cycle?
A) bacteriophages inject their genetic material through the cell wall into the cytoplasm of the
bacterial cell
B) the bacteriophage uses bacterial ribosomes to produce proteins
C) bacteriophage proteins degrade the bacterial cell wall
