The University of British Columbia MBG 1000 Final Exam Review | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update

The University of British Columbia MBG 1000 Final Exam
Review | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest
Update
Question:
T/F: With the exception of gametes, all cells have the same DNA content

Answer:
True


Question:
Where is DNA stored in the cell?

Answer:
Nucleus Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) get from mother-- only found in eggs


Question:
Somatic cells (3)

Answer:
-body cells
-diploid
-eg skin, liver, eyeballs


Question:
Gametes (4)

Answer:
-sex cells (egg/sperm)
-DNA here gets passed onto children
-haploid
-one copy of each autosome and one sex chromosome


Question:
Autosomes (2)

Answer:
-not sex chromosomes
-22 pairs


Question:
What nucleotide bases are in DNA?

Answer:
-Adenine (A)
-Thymine (T)

,-Cytosine (C)
-Guanine (G)


Question:
Are A, T, C, and G the nucleotide bases in RNA?

Answer:
No-- Thymine (T) is replaced by Uracil (U)


Question:
Genes (4)

Answer:
-basic unit physical and functional unit of hereditary
-carries the blueprint (genetic code) for cellular functions
-DNA
-22 000 protein-coding genes in Haploid human genome


Question:
Proteins

Answer:
Chains of amino acids


Question:
Phenotype

Answer:
The individual and its appearance/traits/characteristics


Question:
What is DNA replication?

Answer:
Info is transferred from one DNA molecule to another


Question:
What is transcription?

Answer:
Info is transferred from DNA to RNA molecule


Question:
What is translation?

,Answer:
Info is transferred from RNA to a protein through a code that specifies the amino acid sequence


Question:
What cellular machinery is used for replication/transcription? Where are they located?

Answer:
DNA replication: DNA polymerase Transcription: RNA polymerase Both located in nucleus


Question:
What cellular machinery is used to make proteins in translation? Where are they located?

Answer:
-ribosomes are used
-located in cytoplasm


Question:
Polypeptide chain

Answer:
Chain of amino acids


Question:
What are genes made of?

Answer:
DNA


Question:
Nucleotide

Answer:
The basic unit of DNA


Question:
What do nucleotides consist of?

Answer:
-nitrogenous bases
-phosphate sugars


Question:
What nitrogenous bases bind with each other? (DNA and RNA)

Answer:

, DNA:
-A & T
-C & G
RNA:
-A & U
-C & G


Question:
Coding strand (4)

Answer:
-also called sense strand
-carries the gene that encodes the protein of interest (carries the genetic code)
-genetic code of a gene
-numbers at either end-- specific directionality


Question:
Template strand (3)

Answer:
-also called antisense strand
-the complementary strand of the coding strand (think- the binding bases)
-numbers at either end-- opposite to coding strand


Question:
Codons (3)

Answer:
-3 nucleotides represent a codon
-every codon specifies an amino acid to be in the protein
-every gene starts with a start codon and ends with a stop codon


Question:
Directionality in DNA strands (2)

Answer:
-individual strands run in opposite directions
-start codons to stop codons run 5' to 3'


Question:
Explain transcription (5)

Answer:
-generates a complementary copy of coding DNA as RNA
-cellular machinery: RNA polymerase enzyme
-contains nucleotide U instead of T
-contains sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose