NU325 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Nursing Process
A scientific blueprint for delivering nursing care to patients.
First Step of the Nursing Process
Assessment (collection, interpretation, and validation of patient data).
Primary Source of Assessment Data
The patient.
Secondary Sources of Assessment Data
Family, friends, healthcare providers, and medical records.
Subjective Data
Information verbally reported by the patient (e.g., pain level).
Objective Data
Measurable, observable clinical findings (e.g., blood pressure).
Second Step of the Nursing Process
Diagnosis or problem identification.
Problem-Focused Diagnosis
A clinical judgment about an unwanted health condition that already exists.
Risk Diagnosis
The likelihood of a patient developing an unwanted health problem.
Health Promotion Diagnosis
A diagnosis based on a patient's motivation to increase well-being.
, Diagnostic Priority Rule
Always address actual problems before potential (risk) problems.
Third Step of the Nursing Process
Planning (setting priorities, goals, and expected outcomes).
Expected Outcome
A measurable change achieved to meet a patient goal.
SMART Goals
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timed goals.
Fourth Step of the Nursing Process
Implementation (carrying out the planned nursing interventions).
Independent Nursing Intervention
An action a nurse can initiate without a physician's order.
Dependent Nursing Intervention
An action requiring an order from a primary healthcare provider.
Collaborative Intervention
Therapies requiring multi-disciplinary expertise from various healthcare team members.
Direct Care vs. Indirect Care
Direct is hands-on patient contact; indirect is performed on behalf of the patient.
Fifth Step of the Nursing Process
Evaluation (determining if goals were met and revising care plans).
Leadership
The science and skill of influencing or guiding individuals toward achieving set goals.
Management
ANSWERS
Nursing Process
A scientific blueprint for delivering nursing care to patients.
First Step of the Nursing Process
Assessment (collection, interpretation, and validation of patient data).
Primary Source of Assessment Data
The patient.
Secondary Sources of Assessment Data
Family, friends, healthcare providers, and medical records.
Subjective Data
Information verbally reported by the patient (e.g., pain level).
Objective Data
Measurable, observable clinical findings (e.g., blood pressure).
Second Step of the Nursing Process
Diagnosis or problem identification.
Problem-Focused Diagnosis
A clinical judgment about an unwanted health condition that already exists.
Risk Diagnosis
The likelihood of a patient developing an unwanted health problem.
Health Promotion Diagnosis
A diagnosis based on a patient's motivation to increase well-being.
, Diagnostic Priority Rule
Always address actual problems before potential (risk) problems.
Third Step of the Nursing Process
Planning (setting priorities, goals, and expected outcomes).
Expected Outcome
A measurable change achieved to meet a patient goal.
SMART Goals
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timed goals.
Fourth Step of the Nursing Process
Implementation (carrying out the planned nursing interventions).
Independent Nursing Intervention
An action a nurse can initiate without a physician's order.
Dependent Nursing Intervention
An action requiring an order from a primary healthcare provider.
Collaborative Intervention
Therapies requiring multi-disciplinary expertise from various healthcare team members.
Direct Care vs. Indirect Care
Direct is hands-on patient contact; indirect is performed on behalf of the patient.
Fifth Step of the Nursing Process
Evaluation (determining if goals were met and revising care plans).
Leadership
The science and skill of influencing or guiding individuals toward achieving set goals.
Management
