COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
drug for UC/Crohns - ANS✔✔-sulfasalazine
pulmonary effects of CF - ANS✔✔-chronic bronchitis an dbronchiectasis
osteoporosis affects what parts of bone? - ANS✔✔-(spongy and ) trabecular bone mass loss
imipramine - ANS✔✔-TCA
SE: Tri-Cs
convulsions
coma
cardiotox
antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic hypotension- block
alpha1)
viscerosomatic - ANS✔✔-visceral disease --> somatic finding
loratidine vs ranitidine - ANS✔✔-loratidine: 2nd gen H1 blocker, doesnt cross BBB --> less
sedating
ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
cells w RBCs inside - ANS✔✔-entaemoba histolytica
which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? - ANS✔✔-tension
intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of numerous tortuous vessels
- ANS✔✔-AVM arteriovenous malformation
cavernous hemangioma - ANS✔✔-benign tumor of liver, A/W VHL
anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop - ANS✔✔-recovered or immunized
not in chronic or
proctalgia fugax - ANS✔✔-levator ani syndrome
fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? - ANS✔✔-LMN
ectopic gastric tissue - ANS✔✔-meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue
remnant of vitelline duct
antibodies in hashimotos attacks - ANS✔✔-thyroid peroxidase or antithyroglobulin
enlarged non tender thyroid
2 factors that influence starling curve - ANS✔✔-x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
, COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
treatment for fibromyalgia - ANS✔✔-TCA, SNRIs anticonvulsants
what blocks NE reuptake? - ANS✔✔-TCA or SNRIs
possible complication of pagets bone disease - ANS✔✔-osteocarcoma
what does Hct tell you? - ANS✔✔-ratio of volume of RBCs compared to total blood volume
probenecid - ANS✔✔-inhibits reabsoprtion of uric acid in PCT
- also inhibits secretion of PCN
- can ppt uric acid calculi
2 causes of SCID - ANS✔✔-ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
lithiums effects on urination - ANS✔✔-inhibits vasopression/ADH --> increased urinary
frequency
infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses - ANS✔✔-clomiphene (clones- multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
AFP levels in down syndrome - ANS✔✔-low
GI malformation A/W down syndrome - ANS✔✔-Hirschprungs- congenital aganglionic
megacolon
defective relaxation and peristalsis of rectum and distal sigmoid colon
failure to pass meconium, empty rectal vault, megacolon
myasthenia gravis associations - ANS✔✔-thymoma, thymic hyperplasia
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders, respiration
tx for tinea - ANS✔✔-azoles
beta blockers for asthma - ANS✔✔-none- even beta 1s can be nonselective at higher doses
what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs - ANS✔✔-fetal renal agenesis
stones bones groans moans psych overtones - ANS✔✔-high Ca or PTH
PTH is made by what cells? - ANS✔✔-chief cells of parathyroid gland
, COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium resorption where? - ANS✔✔-
PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT
anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? - ANS✔✔-extensor-
hamstrings
thoracic CS - ANS✔✔-E SaRa
most common cause of cellultis - ANS✔✔-staph aureus, strep pyogenes
FPR- direct or indirect? active or passive? - ANS✔✔-indirect- place them in position of
diagnosis
passive
cant treat kid w tetracycline so what do you give? - ANS✔✔-amoxicillin
which Heps are there currently vaccines for? - ANS✔✔-A and B (and so by virtue, also D)
why does Hep D need Hep B? - ANS✔✔-Hep D utilizes the HBV surface antigen as its
envelope?
most common hepatitis A/W IVDA in the US - ANS✔✔-hep c
roseola - ANS✔✔-4 day high fever
then rash on the trunk (spares face)
affects babies up to 2 years
HHV6- affects CD4 helper cells and kills them off
erythema infectiosum - ANS✔✔-slapped cheek
parvovirus B19
nonspecific fever/prodrome then slapp cheek rash 5 days later, then rash appears on arms and
spreads to trunk/legs
rash can worsen w fever and sun exposure
TORCH infxn so baby in womb that is exposed can lead to hydrops fetalis
most common STD - ANS✔✔-chlamydia
sxs similar to STI plus discharge
will have high neutrophil count
dimorphic- butterflies - ANS✔✔-candida, histo, cocci, paracocci, blasto, sporothrix,
, COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
butterflies huge pair of cocc catching stamp
hip restricted in internal rotation
dx? - ANS✔✔-innom outflare
immune complex in glomerular mesangium 2 days after URI
berger or PSGN? - ANS✔✔-berger
PSGN is 2 wks post URI
kidney ureter viscerosomatic innervation - ANS✔✔-T10-11
college student w nonspecific symptoms
nonproductive cough, sore throat
CXR- diffuse infiltrates - ANS✔✔-myco PNA
test for trichomonas - ANS✔✔-nucleic acid amplification
painless enlarging tumor in left testis 75 yo - ANS✔✔-diffuse large B cell lymphoma
most common in 70-80s
choriocarcinoma affecst what age group - ANS✔✔-15-35
yolk sac tumor affects what population - ANS✔✔-infants and children 1-2 years
Sensourineural hearing loss, tinnitus, paralysis of facial muslces, loss of corneal reflex -
ANS✔✔-Cerebellopontine angle tumor - between cerebellum and lateral pons -- CNs 5, 7, 9
Sleep changes in depressed patients - ANS✔✔-decreased slow-wave sleep, decreased REM
latency, REM early in sleep cycle, increased total REM sleep, repeated nighttime awakenings,
early-morning awakenings
Cachexia mediated by - ANS✔✔-TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6
Tx for Orotic aciduria - ANS✔✔-Uridine - inhibits carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
Short acting benzos - ANS✔✔-ATOM
Alprazolam, Triazolam, Oxazepam, Midazolam
Medium acting benzos - ANS✔✔-LET
Lorazepam, Estraolam, Temazepam
Long acting benzos - ANS✔✔-Clordiazepoxide, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Flurazepam
Climacteric period - ANS✔✔-Menopause
Compartment syndrome d/t occlusion of: - ANS✔✔-Microvasculature (small arteries)
Grave's disease ab - ANS✔✔-anti-TSH
Addison's disease - ANS✔✔-Primary adrenal insufficiency d/t adrenal atrophy or destruction by
disease
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
drug for UC/Crohns - ANS✔✔-sulfasalazine
pulmonary effects of CF - ANS✔✔-chronic bronchitis an dbronchiectasis
osteoporosis affects what parts of bone? - ANS✔✔-(spongy and ) trabecular bone mass loss
imipramine - ANS✔✔-TCA
SE: Tri-Cs
convulsions
coma
cardiotox
antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic hypotension- block
alpha1)
viscerosomatic - ANS✔✔-visceral disease --> somatic finding
loratidine vs ranitidine - ANS✔✔-loratidine: 2nd gen H1 blocker, doesnt cross BBB --> less
sedating
ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
cells w RBCs inside - ANS✔✔-entaemoba histolytica
which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? - ANS✔✔-tension
intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of numerous tortuous vessels
- ANS✔✔-AVM arteriovenous malformation
cavernous hemangioma - ANS✔✔-benign tumor of liver, A/W VHL
anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop - ANS✔✔-recovered or immunized
not in chronic or
proctalgia fugax - ANS✔✔-levator ani syndrome
fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? - ANS✔✔-LMN
ectopic gastric tissue - ANS✔✔-meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue
remnant of vitelline duct
antibodies in hashimotos attacks - ANS✔✔-thyroid peroxidase or antithyroglobulin
enlarged non tender thyroid
2 factors that influence starling curve - ANS✔✔-x axis- preload (EDV)
y axis- stroke volume or CO
, COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
treatment for fibromyalgia - ANS✔✔-TCA, SNRIs anticonvulsants
what blocks NE reuptake? - ANS✔✔-TCA or SNRIs
possible complication of pagets bone disease - ANS✔✔-osteocarcoma
what does Hct tell you? - ANS✔✔-ratio of volume of RBCs compared to total blood volume
probenecid - ANS✔✔-inhibits reabsoprtion of uric acid in PCT
- also inhibits secretion of PCN
- can ppt uric acid calculi
2 causes of SCID - ANS✔✔-ADA deficiency
(adenosine deaminase required for degradation of adenosim and deoxyadenosine
- in ADA deficiency, high levels of dATP --> toxicity in lymphocytes --> SCID
hypoplastic thymus
lithiums effects on urination - ANS✔✔-inhibits vasopression/ADH --> increased urinary
frequency
infertility drug that can result in multiple fetuses - ANS✔✔-clomiphene (clones- multiple babies)
antagonist at estrogen R in hypothalamus (thus inhibits normal negative feedback)
upregulates LH and FSH release from pituitary --> ovulation
used to treat PCOS but can cause ovarian enlargement, multiple fetuses
AFP levels in down syndrome - ANS✔✔-low
GI malformation A/W down syndrome - ANS✔✔-Hirschprungs- congenital aganglionic
megacolon
defective relaxation and peristalsis of rectum and distal sigmoid colon
failure to pass meconium, empty rectal vault, megacolon
myasthenia gravis associations - ANS✔✔-thymoma, thymic hyperplasia
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders, respiration
tx for tinea - ANS✔✔-azoles
beta blockers for asthma - ANS✔✔-none- even beta 1s can be nonselective at higher doses
what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs - ANS✔✔-fetal renal agenesis
stones bones groans moans psych overtones - ANS✔✔-high Ca or PTH
PTH is made by what cells? - ANS✔✔-chief cells of parathyroid gland
, COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium resorption where? - ANS✔✔-
PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT
anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? - ANS✔✔-extensor-
hamstrings
thoracic CS - ANS✔✔-E SaRa
most common cause of cellultis - ANS✔✔-staph aureus, strep pyogenes
FPR- direct or indirect? active or passive? - ANS✔✔-indirect- place them in position of
diagnosis
passive
cant treat kid w tetracycline so what do you give? - ANS✔✔-amoxicillin
which Heps are there currently vaccines for? - ANS✔✔-A and B (and so by virtue, also D)
why does Hep D need Hep B? - ANS✔✔-Hep D utilizes the HBV surface antigen as its
envelope?
most common hepatitis A/W IVDA in the US - ANS✔✔-hep c
roseola - ANS✔✔-4 day high fever
then rash on the trunk (spares face)
affects babies up to 2 years
HHV6- affects CD4 helper cells and kills them off
erythema infectiosum - ANS✔✔-slapped cheek
parvovirus B19
nonspecific fever/prodrome then slapp cheek rash 5 days later, then rash appears on arms and
spreads to trunk/legs
rash can worsen w fever and sun exposure
TORCH infxn so baby in womb that is exposed can lead to hydrops fetalis
most common STD - ANS✔✔-chlamydia
sxs similar to STI plus discharge
will have high neutrophil count
dimorphic- butterflies - ANS✔✔-candida, histo, cocci, paracocci, blasto, sporothrix,
, COMSAE COMPLETE ACCURATE EXAM
APPROVED QUESTIONS WITH WELL
ELABORATED ANSWERS AND RATIONALES
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026
butterflies huge pair of cocc catching stamp
hip restricted in internal rotation
dx? - ANS✔✔-innom outflare
immune complex in glomerular mesangium 2 days after URI
berger or PSGN? - ANS✔✔-berger
PSGN is 2 wks post URI
kidney ureter viscerosomatic innervation - ANS✔✔-T10-11
college student w nonspecific symptoms
nonproductive cough, sore throat
CXR- diffuse infiltrates - ANS✔✔-myco PNA
test for trichomonas - ANS✔✔-nucleic acid amplification
painless enlarging tumor in left testis 75 yo - ANS✔✔-diffuse large B cell lymphoma
most common in 70-80s
choriocarcinoma affecst what age group - ANS✔✔-15-35
yolk sac tumor affects what population - ANS✔✔-infants and children 1-2 years
Sensourineural hearing loss, tinnitus, paralysis of facial muslces, loss of corneal reflex -
ANS✔✔-Cerebellopontine angle tumor - between cerebellum and lateral pons -- CNs 5, 7, 9
Sleep changes in depressed patients - ANS✔✔-decreased slow-wave sleep, decreased REM
latency, REM early in sleep cycle, increased total REM sleep, repeated nighttime awakenings,
early-morning awakenings
Cachexia mediated by - ANS✔✔-TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6
Tx for Orotic aciduria - ANS✔✔-Uridine - inhibits carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
Short acting benzos - ANS✔✔-ATOM
Alprazolam, Triazolam, Oxazepam, Midazolam
Medium acting benzos - ANS✔✔-LET
Lorazepam, Estraolam, Temazepam
Long acting benzos - ANS✔✔-Clordiazepoxide, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Flurazepam
Climacteric period - ANS✔✔-Menopause
Compartment syndrome d/t occlusion of: - ANS✔✔-Microvasculature (small arteries)
Grave's disease ab - ANS✔✔-anti-TSH
Addison's disease - ANS✔✔-Primary adrenal insufficiency d/t adrenal atrophy or destruction by
disease
