Campbell Biology in Focus Chapter 32 Study Guide
connective tissue animal tissue that functions mainly to bind an support other tissues, having
sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix
endocrine system the internal system of communication involving hormones, the ductless glands
that secrete hormones, and the molecular receptors on or in target cells that
respond to hormones
nervous system the fast-acting internal system of communication involving sensory receptors,
networks of nerve cells, and connections to muscles and glands that respond
to nerve signals
hormone in multicellular organisms, one of the many types of secreted chemicals that
are formed in specialized cells, travel in body fluids, and act on specific target
cells in other parts of the body, changing the target cells' functioning
endocrine gland a gland that secretes hormones directly into the interstitial fluid, from which
they diffuse into the bloodstream
hypothalamus the ventral part of the vertebrate forebrain; functions in maintaining
homeostasis, especially in coordinating the endocrine and nervous systems;
secretes hormones of the posterior pituitary and releasing factors that regulate
the anterior pituitary
negative feedback a form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process
slows the process; in physiology, a primary mechanism of homeostasis,
whereby a change in a variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial
change
positive feedback a form of regulation in an end product of a process speeds up that process; in
physiology, a control mechanism in which a change in a variable triggers a
response that reinforces or amplifies a change
pancreas a gland with exocrine and endocrine tissues. the exocrine portion functions in
digestion, secreting enzymes and an alkaline solution into the small intestine
via a duct; the ductless endocrine portion functions in homeostasis, secreting
the hormones insulin and glucagon into the blood
pituitary gland an endocrine gland at the base of the hypothalamus; consists of a posterior
lobe, which stores and releases two hormones produced by the hypothalamus,
and an anterior lobe, which produces and secretes many hormones that
regulate diverse body functions
posterior pituitary an extension of the hypothalamus composed of nervous tissue that secretes
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone made in the hypothalamus; a temporary
storage site for these hormones
connective tissue animal tissue that functions mainly to bind an support other tissues, having
sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix
endocrine system the internal system of communication involving hormones, the ductless glands
that secrete hormones, and the molecular receptors on or in target cells that
respond to hormones
nervous system the fast-acting internal system of communication involving sensory receptors,
networks of nerve cells, and connections to muscles and glands that respond
to nerve signals
hormone in multicellular organisms, one of the many types of secreted chemicals that
are formed in specialized cells, travel in body fluids, and act on specific target
cells in other parts of the body, changing the target cells' functioning
endocrine gland a gland that secretes hormones directly into the interstitial fluid, from which
they diffuse into the bloodstream
hypothalamus the ventral part of the vertebrate forebrain; functions in maintaining
homeostasis, especially in coordinating the endocrine and nervous systems;
secretes hormones of the posterior pituitary and releasing factors that regulate
the anterior pituitary
negative feedback a form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process
slows the process; in physiology, a primary mechanism of homeostasis,
whereby a change in a variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial
change
positive feedback a form of regulation in an end product of a process speeds up that process; in
physiology, a control mechanism in which a change in a variable triggers a
response that reinforces or amplifies a change
pancreas a gland with exocrine and endocrine tissues. the exocrine portion functions in
digestion, secreting enzymes and an alkaline solution into the small intestine
via a duct; the ductless endocrine portion functions in homeostasis, secreting
the hormones insulin and glucagon into the blood
pituitary gland an endocrine gland at the base of the hypothalamus; consists of a posterior
lobe, which stores and releases two hormones produced by the hypothalamus,
and an anterior lobe, which produces and secretes many hormones that
regulate diverse body functions
posterior pituitary an extension of the hypothalamus composed of nervous tissue that secretes
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone made in the hypothalamus; a temporary
storage site for these hormones
