Campbell Biology 11th Edition Chapter 6 Exam Review 2026/2027 | Cell Structure & Organelles
protist chlamydomonas
fungi yeast
nucleus contains most of the genes in the eukaryotic cell; averages 5 micrometers in
diameter
nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus separating its contents from the cytoplasm
double nuclear envelope is a ______ membrane
pore complex intricate protein structure in nuclear envelope and plays an important role by
regulating the entry and exit of proteins, RNAs and complexes of
macromolecules
nuclear lamina lines the nuclear side of the nuclear envelope; a netlike array of protein
filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus by mechanically supporting
the nuclear envelope
chromosomes structures that carry the genetic information; each contains one long DNA
molecule associate with many proteins
chromatin the complex of DNA and proteins of chromosomes together
divide chromatic condenses to form discrete chromosomes as a cell prepares to _____
nucleolus located within the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis
histones proteins in the nucleus that package and order the DNA into structural units
called nucleosomes
ribosomes complexes made of ribosomal RNA and protein; cellular components that
carry out protein synthesis
cytosol location of free ribosomes
rough ER and nuclear envelope location of bound ribosomes
endomembrane systems consists of
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
vacuoles
plasma membrane
, Campbell Biology 11th Edition Chapter 6 Exam Review 2026/2027 | Cell Structure & Organelles
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) accounts for more than half of the total membrane; continuos with nuclear
envelope; two regions
smooth ER ER which lacks ribosomes
rough ER ER whose surface is studded with ribosomes
synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, 4 functions of smooth ER
detoxifies drugs, stores calcium
bound ribosomes with glycoproteins, distributes 3 functions of rough ER
transport vesicles, membrane factory
glycoproteins most secretory proteins, proteins with carbohydrates covalently bonded to
them
transport vesicles vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another
golgi apparatus consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae
modifies ER products, manufactures some 3 functions of the golgi apparatus
macromolecules, sorts and packages into transport
vesicles
cis face part of golgi that receives vesicles containing ER products
trans face part of golgi that dispatches vesicles
secretory types of cells with the most active golgi apparatus
lysosome a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules
acidic lysosomal enzymes work best in _____ environments inside the lysosome
rough ER, golgi hydrolytic enzymes and lysosomal membranes are made by ____ and then
transferred to the _____ for further processing
protist chlamydomonas
fungi yeast
nucleus contains most of the genes in the eukaryotic cell; averages 5 micrometers in
diameter
nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus separating its contents from the cytoplasm
double nuclear envelope is a ______ membrane
pore complex intricate protein structure in nuclear envelope and plays an important role by
regulating the entry and exit of proteins, RNAs and complexes of
macromolecules
nuclear lamina lines the nuclear side of the nuclear envelope; a netlike array of protein
filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus by mechanically supporting
the nuclear envelope
chromosomes structures that carry the genetic information; each contains one long DNA
molecule associate with many proteins
chromatin the complex of DNA and proteins of chromosomes together
divide chromatic condenses to form discrete chromosomes as a cell prepares to _____
nucleolus located within the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis
histones proteins in the nucleus that package and order the DNA into structural units
called nucleosomes
ribosomes complexes made of ribosomal RNA and protein; cellular components that
carry out protein synthesis
cytosol location of free ribosomes
rough ER and nuclear envelope location of bound ribosomes
endomembrane systems consists of
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
vacuoles
plasma membrane
, Campbell Biology 11th Edition Chapter 6 Exam Review 2026/2027 | Cell Structure & Organelles
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) accounts for more than half of the total membrane; continuos with nuclear
envelope; two regions
smooth ER ER which lacks ribosomes
rough ER ER whose surface is studded with ribosomes
synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, 4 functions of smooth ER
detoxifies drugs, stores calcium
bound ribosomes with glycoproteins, distributes 3 functions of rough ER
transport vesicles, membrane factory
glycoproteins most secretory proteins, proteins with carbohydrates covalently bonded to
them
transport vesicles vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another
golgi apparatus consists of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae
modifies ER products, manufactures some 3 functions of the golgi apparatus
macromolecules, sorts and packages into transport
vesicles
cis face part of golgi that receives vesicles containing ER products
trans face part of golgi that dispatches vesicles
secretory types of cells with the most active golgi apparatus
lysosome a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules
acidic lysosomal enzymes work best in _____ environments inside the lysosome
rough ER, golgi hydrolytic enzymes and lysosomal membranes are made by ____ and then
transferred to the _____ for further processing
