HONDROS NUR 212 REVIEW TIPS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
Physical manifestations at end of life -✔✔Cheyne Stokes respirations, decreased
sensation, irregular pulse, mottling skin/wax like appearance, wet/noisy respirations.
Goals of palliative care -✔✔1. Provide relief from symptoms including pain.
2. Offer support to the family during illness and bereavement.
3. Regard dying as normal process. 4. Support holistic patient care and quality of life.
5. Support patients to live as actively as possible until death.
6. Affirm life and neither hasten nor postpone death.
Cancer Grading -✔✔Grade I-cells differ slightly from normal cells are are well
differentiated.
Grade II-cells are more abnormal and are moderately differentiated.
Grade III-cells are very abnormal and are poorly differentiated.
Grade IV-cells are immature and undifferentiated; cell of origin is difficult to determine.
Platelets (thrombocytes) -✔✔150,000-400,000
white blood cell count -✔✔5,000-10,000
Hemoglobin (Hgb) -✔✔12-18
What should be done when there is an obstruction in a chest tube and why? -✔✔Milk
the tube, never strip due to pressure changes
When is it normal to find bleeding in a chest tube? -✔✔Only with a hemothorax
Is tidaling normal with a chest tube? -✔✔Yes, on respirations
, What does it mean when there is no longer tidaling with a chest tube? -✔✔That the tube
is ready to be taken out
Is constant bubbling with a chest tube good or bad? -✔✔Bad
Is crepidous supposed to be at the chest tube site? -✔✔No, but usually resolves back
into the body
What is crepidous? -✔✔Air bubbles in the subcutaneous tissue surrounding chest tube
site
How should a chest tube be observed for any issues? -✔✔From the patient to the
machine
What is the first thing the nurse should do if she suspects any issues with a patients
chest tube? -✔✔Make sure the chest tube connections are secure
What are the steps to a self breast exam? -✔✔Step 1: Lie down and place left arm
behind head (lying down spreads breast tissue evenly)
Step 2: Use finger pads of 3 middle fingers on your right hand to feel for lumps in the left
breast. Use overlapping dime-sized circular motions to feel breast tissue. Light,
medium, and firm pressure to feel each layers. (A firm ridge on the curve of each breast
is normal)
Step 3: Move around breast in a vertical pattern at an imaginary straight line down your
side from the underarm.
Respect for right breast.
Step 4: Stand in front of mirror and tighten pectoral muscles for any redness, lumps,
shapes, or scaliness near nipples.
Step 5: Examine each underarm for and knot, or thickening tissue
What prevents lymphedema? -✔✔Exercise, healthy diet (health maintenance)
Treatment for lymphedema? -✔✔Healthy diet, exercise, compression stockings, good
skin/nail care, decongestive therapy, elevate extremity, isometric exercises
What are neutropenic precautions? -✔✔Avoid fresh fruits/veggies, no fresh flowers,
good hand hygiene (infection prevention)
Signs and symptoms of thrombocytopenia? -✔✔Most patients are asymptomatic, but
s\s include bleeding (mucosal or cutaneous), bruising, petechiae, purpura, and s\s of
hemmorhaging.
Adverse affects of chemo/radiation? -✔✔Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, skin
breakdown, reproductive dysfunction, nephrotoxicity, neuropathy, anemia
ANSWERS SET A+
Physical manifestations at end of life -✔✔Cheyne Stokes respirations, decreased
sensation, irregular pulse, mottling skin/wax like appearance, wet/noisy respirations.
Goals of palliative care -✔✔1. Provide relief from symptoms including pain.
2. Offer support to the family during illness and bereavement.
3. Regard dying as normal process. 4. Support holistic patient care and quality of life.
5. Support patients to live as actively as possible until death.
6. Affirm life and neither hasten nor postpone death.
Cancer Grading -✔✔Grade I-cells differ slightly from normal cells are are well
differentiated.
Grade II-cells are more abnormal and are moderately differentiated.
Grade III-cells are very abnormal and are poorly differentiated.
Grade IV-cells are immature and undifferentiated; cell of origin is difficult to determine.
Platelets (thrombocytes) -✔✔150,000-400,000
white blood cell count -✔✔5,000-10,000
Hemoglobin (Hgb) -✔✔12-18
What should be done when there is an obstruction in a chest tube and why? -✔✔Milk
the tube, never strip due to pressure changes
When is it normal to find bleeding in a chest tube? -✔✔Only with a hemothorax
Is tidaling normal with a chest tube? -✔✔Yes, on respirations
, What does it mean when there is no longer tidaling with a chest tube? -✔✔That the tube
is ready to be taken out
Is constant bubbling with a chest tube good or bad? -✔✔Bad
Is crepidous supposed to be at the chest tube site? -✔✔No, but usually resolves back
into the body
What is crepidous? -✔✔Air bubbles in the subcutaneous tissue surrounding chest tube
site
How should a chest tube be observed for any issues? -✔✔From the patient to the
machine
What is the first thing the nurse should do if she suspects any issues with a patients
chest tube? -✔✔Make sure the chest tube connections are secure
What are the steps to a self breast exam? -✔✔Step 1: Lie down and place left arm
behind head (lying down spreads breast tissue evenly)
Step 2: Use finger pads of 3 middle fingers on your right hand to feel for lumps in the left
breast. Use overlapping dime-sized circular motions to feel breast tissue. Light,
medium, and firm pressure to feel each layers. (A firm ridge on the curve of each breast
is normal)
Step 3: Move around breast in a vertical pattern at an imaginary straight line down your
side from the underarm.
Respect for right breast.
Step 4: Stand in front of mirror and tighten pectoral muscles for any redness, lumps,
shapes, or scaliness near nipples.
Step 5: Examine each underarm for and knot, or thickening tissue
What prevents lymphedema? -✔✔Exercise, healthy diet (health maintenance)
Treatment for lymphedema? -✔✔Healthy diet, exercise, compression stockings, good
skin/nail care, decongestive therapy, elevate extremity, isometric exercises
What are neutropenic precautions? -✔✔Avoid fresh fruits/veggies, no fresh flowers,
good hand hygiene (infection prevention)
Signs and symptoms of thrombocytopenia? -✔✔Most patients are asymptomatic, but
s\s include bleeding (mucosal or cutaneous), bruising, petechiae, purpura, and s\s of
hemmorhaging.
Adverse affects of chemo/radiation? -✔✔Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, skin
breakdown, reproductive dysfunction, nephrotoxicity, neuropathy, anemia
