GY 101 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

GY 101 TEST 4 EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Ingredients for a thunderstorm - Answers lift from -cold/warm front -gust front -daytime heating low-level moisture instability wind shear Severe thunderstorm - Answers winds stronger than 58 mph hailstones larger than 0.75in tornado Single Cell (pulse) - Answers slight threat weak updraft (non-severe or strong updraft) moves with mean environmental wind over 5-7km 30-60 min duration rainfall can be moderate to heavy, small hail is possible vertical wind shear is small form in very weak shear environments with new storms forming in an unorganized manner can be severe at dissipation Squall lines - Answers Long lines of thunderstorms that form along a cold front linear multi cell storms frontal or pre-frontal vertical tilt increases severity moist low level S or SE inflow mid level flow larger 25 knots Supercell - Answers high threat intense updraft (almost always severe) mesocyclone present tornadoes are common and located balanced updraft and downdraft low level mesocyclogenesis more likely moderate hook echo Lightning - Answers flases of light caused by enormous electrical discharges superheats the air abruptly resulting in enormous shock waves (thunder) Types of lightning - Answers within cloud cloud-to-cloud cloud-to-air cloud-to-ground negative positive lightning (~10%) Hail - Answers ice pellets only occur with cumulonimbus clouds Tornadoes - Answers as cumulonimbus clouds rise high into the troposphere, the bottom winds move slow due to surface friction, but the upper winds move fast results in rotation of air parallel to the ground updrafts or downdrafts can cause the vortex to become vertical Tornado formation - Answers western winds at high levels bring cool, moist air from pacific southwesterly winds at mid-levels bring hot, dry air from mexico deserts southerly winds at surface bring warm, humid air from Gulf of Mexico Tornado locations - Answers mainly in North America, Great Plains, Southeast, some can be seen in Japan, South Korea Fujita scale F0-F1: - Answers 69% of torandoes; 5% of deaths Fujita scale F4-F5: - Answers 3% of tornadoes; 70% of deaths Hurricane Characteristics - Answers sustained winds of 120km or more