CVT 105 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
what areas of the heart does the RCA supply?
Answer:
RA, RV, inferior and posterior surface of the LV
Question:
what areas of the heart does the LAD supply?
Answer:
anterior surface and part of the lateral surface of LV, anterior 2/3 of
interventricular septum
Question:
what areas of the heart does the Cx supply?
Answer:
LA, inferior, posterior, and part of the lateral surface of the LV
Question:
coronary arteries that run on the surface of the heart are called _____ coronary
arteries
Answer:
epicardial
Question:
the three major epicardial arteries are the ___________
Answer:
LAD, Cx, RCA
Question:
CAD occurs when there is more than ____ diameter narrowing in one or more
of the major epicardial coronary arteries
Answer:
50%
Question:
the _____ and _____ are the very first branches off the base of the aorta and the
opening of these vessels lie just beyond the cusps of the aortic SL valve
Answer:
LCA, RCA
Question:
originates from the right side of the aorta and supplies the ·RA, RV, inferior
surface of the LV, posterior surface of the LV, SA node, and AV bundle
Answer:
right coronary artery
Question:
the _____ supplies oxygenated blood to two primary branches the LAD and Cx
, Answer:
left coronary artery
Question:
the __________ is on the outer surface of the front of the heart with major
branches being septal and diagonal
arteries - occlusion of this is called the widow maker
Answer:
left anterior descending
Question:
a term that refers to distinct conditions caused by similar sequences of
pathologic events involving abruptly reduced coronary artery blood flow -
usual cause is the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque
Answer:
acute coronary syndrome
Question:
the _____ division prepares the body to function under stress (fight or flight)
and the ______ division conserves and restores the bodies resources (rest and
digest)
Answer:
sympathetic, parasympathetic
Question:
neurotransmitters that are associated with the sympathetic nervous system
Answer:
noepinephrine and epinephrine
Question:
neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nervous system that binds
to nicotinic and muscarinic receptors
Answer:
acetylcholine
Question:
specialized nerve tissue (sensors) that detect changes in BP and are found in
the internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch
Answer:
baroreceptors
Question:
located in internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch and detect changes in
the concentration of hydrogen ions (pH), oxygen, and CO2 in the blood
Answer:
chemoreceptors
Question:
____ refers to a change in HR, ____ refers to the change in myocardial
contractility, ____ refers to the speed of impulse transmission through the
conduction system
, Answer:
chronotropy, inotropy, dromotropy
Question:
ability of pacemaker cells to initiate an electrical impulse without being
stimulated from another source
Answer:
automaticity
Question:
ability of cardiac cells to receive an electrical stimulus and conduct that
impulse to an adjacent cardiac cell
Answer:
conductivity
Question:
ability of cardiac muscle cells to respond to an outside stimulus
Answer:
excitability
Question:
ability of cardiac cells to shorten, causing cardiac muscle contraction in
response to an electrical stimulus
Answer:
contractility
Question:
atrial systole; AV vales open; aortic and pulmonic valves closed
Answer:
phase 1
Question:
isovolumetric contraction; all valves closed
Answer:
phase 2
Question:
rapid ejection; aortic and pulmonic valves open; AV valves remain closed
Answer:
phase 3
Question:
reduced ejection; aortic and pulmonic valves open; AV valves remain closed
Answer:
phase 4
Question:
isovolumetric relaxation: all valves closed
Answer:
phase 5
Question:
rapid filling; AV valves open; aortic and pulmonic valves closed
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
what areas of the heart does the RCA supply?
Answer:
RA, RV, inferior and posterior surface of the LV
Question:
what areas of the heart does the LAD supply?
Answer:
anterior surface and part of the lateral surface of LV, anterior 2/3 of
interventricular septum
Question:
what areas of the heart does the Cx supply?
Answer:
LA, inferior, posterior, and part of the lateral surface of the LV
Question:
coronary arteries that run on the surface of the heart are called _____ coronary
arteries
Answer:
epicardial
Question:
the three major epicardial arteries are the ___________
Answer:
LAD, Cx, RCA
Question:
CAD occurs when there is more than ____ diameter narrowing in one or more
of the major epicardial coronary arteries
Answer:
50%
Question:
the _____ and _____ are the very first branches off the base of the aorta and the
opening of these vessels lie just beyond the cusps of the aortic SL valve
Answer:
LCA, RCA
Question:
originates from the right side of the aorta and supplies the ·RA, RV, inferior
surface of the LV, posterior surface of the LV, SA node, and AV bundle
Answer:
right coronary artery
Question:
the _____ supplies oxygenated blood to two primary branches the LAD and Cx
, Answer:
left coronary artery
Question:
the __________ is on the outer surface of the front of the heart with major
branches being septal and diagonal
arteries - occlusion of this is called the widow maker
Answer:
left anterior descending
Question:
a term that refers to distinct conditions caused by similar sequences of
pathologic events involving abruptly reduced coronary artery blood flow -
usual cause is the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque
Answer:
acute coronary syndrome
Question:
the _____ division prepares the body to function under stress (fight or flight)
and the ______ division conserves and restores the bodies resources (rest and
digest)
Answer:
sympathetic, parasympathetic
Question:
neurotransmitters that are associated with the sympathetic nervous system
Answer:
noepinephrine and epinephrine
Question:
neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nervous system that binds
to nicotinic and muscarinic receptors
Answer:
acetylcholine
Question:
specialized nerve tissue (sensors) that detect changes in BP and are found in
the internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch
Answer:
baroreceptors
Question:
located in internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch and detect changes in
the concentration of hydrogen ions (pH), oxygen, and CO2 in the blood
Answer:
chemoreceptors
Question:
____ refers to a change in HR, ____ refers to the change in myocardial
contractility, ____ refers to the speed of impulse transmission through the
conduction system
, Answer:
chronotropy, inotropy, dromotropy
Question:
ability of pacemaker cells to initiate an electrical impulse without being
stimulated from another source
Answer:
automaticity
Question:
ability of cardiac cells to receive an electrical stimulus and conduct that
impulse to an adjacent cardiac cell
Answer:
conductivity
Question:
ability of cardiac muscle cells to respond to an outside stimulus
Answer:
excitability
Question:
ability of cardiac cells to shorten, causing cardiac muscle contraction in
response to an electrical stimulus
Answer:
contractility
Question:
atrial systole; AV vales open; aortic and pulmonic valves closed
Answer:
phase 1
Question:
isovolumetric contraction; all valves closed
Answer:
phase 2
Question:
rapid ejection; aortic and pulmonic valves open; AV valves remain closed
Answer:
phase 3
Question:
reduced ejection; aortic and pulmonic valves open; AV valves remain closed
Answer:
phase 4
Question:
isovolumetric relaxation: all valves closed
Answer:
phase 5
Question:
rapid filling; AV valves open; aortic and pulmonic valves closed
