NURS 3072 - RENAL SYSTEM UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
define AKI
Answer:
- comes on suddenly - is often reversible - caused by acute event
Question:
define CKD
Answer:
- slow onset - irreversible - caused by long term disease
Question:
what are the 3 categories of AKI
Answer:
- Prerenal - Intrarenal - Postrenal
Question:
define prerenal and examples
Answer:
- before kidney (blood flow to the kidneys) - dehydration - blood loss - low BP
Question:
low perfusion
Answer:
prerenal
Question:
define intrarenal and examples
Answer:
- inside the kidneys (tissue damage) - glomerulonephritis - acute tubular
necrosis
Question:
direct injury to kidney tissue
Answer:
intrarenal
Question:
define postrenal
Answer:
- after the kidneys (urine outflow is blocked) - kidney stone - tumor - enlarged
prostate
Question:
obstruction, should be resolved quickly
Answer:
postrenal
, Question:
Which AKI is most likely to enter aki phases
Answer:
intrarenal
Question:
Early findings of prerenal AKI
Answer:
-hypotension - tachycardia - dry mucous membranes - dehydration - low urine
sodium - oliguria
Question:
Possible causes of prerenal AKI
Answer:
- dehydration - bleeding - heart failure
Question:
Early findings of intrarenal AKI
Answer:
- urine with casts, protein or blood - history of nephrotoxic drugs (NSAIDS,
vancomycin), contrast dye, rhabdomyolysis
Question:
possible causes of intrarenal AKI
Answer:
- severe crush injury - glomerulonephritis
Question:
early findings of post renal AKI
Answer:
- flank pain & difficulty urinating - hydronephrosis on imaging - possible
oliguria and sudden diuresis after obstruction released
Question:
possible causes of post renal AKI
Answer:
- calculi formation - enlarged prostate (BPI) - tumors
Question:
for dx testing, what serum labs are we checking for AKI?
Answer:
- serum creatinine - BUN
- electrolytes - CBC
Question:
why is serum creatinine important?
Answer:
- increases when kidneys cant filter properly - increased creatinine means
decreased GFR
Question:
What is the main diagnostic marker for AKI
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
define AKI
Answer:
- comes on suddenly - is often reversible - caused by acute event
Question:
define CKD
Answer:
- slow onset - irreversible - caused by long term disease
Question:
what are the 3 categories of AKI
Answer:
- Prerenal - Intrarenal - Postrenal
Question:
define prerenal and examples
Answer:
- before kidney (blood flow to the kidneys) - dehydration - blood loss - low BP
Question:
low perfusion
Answer:
prerenal
Question:
define intrarenal and examples
Answer:
- inside the kidneys (tissue damage) - glomerulonephritis - acute tubular
necrosis
Question:
direct injury to kidney tissue
Answer:
intrarenal
Question:
define postrenal
Answer:
- after the kidneys (urine outflow is blocked) - kidney stone - tumor - enlarged
prostate
Question:
obstruction, should be resolved quickly
Answer:
postrenal
, Question:
Which AKI is most likely to enter aki phases
Answer:
intrarenal
Question:
Early findings of prerenal AKI
Answer:
-hypotension - tachycardia - dry mucous membranes - dehydration - low urine
sodium - oliguria
Question:
Possible causes of prerenal AKI
Answer:
- dehydration - bleeding - heart failure
Question:
Early findings of intrarenal AKI
Answer:
- urine with casts, protein or blood - history of nephrotoxic drugs (NSAIDS,
vancomycin), contrast dye, rhabdomyolysis
Question:
possible causes of intrarenal AKI
Answer:
- severe crush injury - glomerulonephritis
Question:
early findings of post renal AKI
Answer:
- flank pain & difficulty urinating - hydronephrosis on imaging - possible
oliguria and sudden diuresis after obstruction released
Question:
possible causes of post renal AKI
Answer:
- calculi formation - enlarged prostate (BPI) - tumors
Question:
for dx testing, what serum labs are we checking for AKI?
Answer:
- serum creatinine - BUN
- electrolytes - CBC
Question:
why is serum creatinine important?
Answer:
- increases when kidneys cant filter properly - increased creatinine means
decreased GFR
Question:
What is the main diagnostic marker for AKI
