BIOS 252 / BIOS 252 (Latest Update 2026 /
2027)
Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab
Exam 2 Review Questions with Verified Answers
100% Correct | Grade A | 100 Questions
Chamberlain University
Aligned with 2026-2027 Curriculum Standards
Lymphatic System & Immunity | Respiratory System | Digestive System
Metabolism & Nutrition & Urinary System | Integrated Clinical Scenarios & Lab Applications
, BIOS 252 Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab | Exam 2 Review Questions | 100 Questions
Section 1: Lymphatic System and Immunity (Q1-Q25)
Q1: Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the lymphatic system?
A. Return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream
B. Transport dietary lipids via lacteals in the small intestine
C. Produce red blood cells in the bone marrow **[CORRECT]**
D. Conduct immune surveillance and defense
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) is a function of red bone marrow but is part of the hematopoietic
system, not the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system returns excess interstitial fluid, transports dietary lipids via lacteals, and
performs immune surveillance. Chamberlain BIOS 252 curriculum distinguishes hematopoiesis from lymphatic function.
Q2: A nursing student asks why lymphatic capillaries are described as 'blind-ended.' Which explanation is
most accurate?
A. They have no connection to the venous system at any point
B. They are closed at one end, allowing interstitial fluid to enter but not exit through the same end
**[CORRECT]**
C. They lack endothelial cells and are structurally incomplete
D. They only exist in the dermis of the skin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Lymphatic capillaries are blind-ended, meaning they are closed at one end and have overlapping endothelial
cells that function as one-way flap valves. Interstitial fluid enters through these flaps but cannot exit back through the same
opening. They do eventually connect to the venous system via the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts.
Q3: The thoracic duct drains lymph from approximately what proportion of the body?
A. The upper right quadrant only
B. The lower left quadrant only
C. Approximately three-quarters of the body, excluding the upper right quadrant **[CORRECT]**
D. All lymph from both sides of the body equally
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The thoracic duct (left lymphatic duct) is the larger of the two main lymphatic ducts and drains lymph from
approximately three-quarters of the body, including the lower limbs, abdomen, left thorax, left upper limb, and left side of the
head and neck. The right lymphatic duct drains only the upper right quadrant.
Q4: Which primary lymphoid organ is responsible for T cell maturation?
A. Bone marrow
B. Thymus **[CORRECT]**
C. Spleen
D. Lymph node
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The thymus is the primary lymphoid organ where T lymphocytes mature and undergo positive and negative
selection. Bone marrow is the site of B cell maturation and all blood cell production (hematopoiesis). The spleen and lymph nodes
are secondary lymphoid organs that filter blood and lymph, respectively.
Page 2
, BIOS 252 Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab | Exam 2 Review Questions | 100 Questions
Q5: A patient presents with an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) after a viral infection. Which structural region
of the spleen is primarily responsible for the immune function?
A. Red pulp
B. White pulp **[CORRECT]**
C. Trabeculae
D. Hilum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: White pulp of the spleen contains lymphocytes (primarily B and T cells) arranged around central arteries,
forming periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths (PALS) and lymphoid follicles. This is the immunological region. Red pulp contains
splenic cords and sinusoids and is responsible for filtering blood and removing old or damaged red blood cells.
Q6: Peyer's patches are aggregates of lymphoid tissue found in which anatomical location?
A. The pharynx near the tonsils
B. The wall of the ileum of the small intestine **[CORRECT]**
C. The vermiform appendix
D. The wall of the large intestine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Peyer's patches are large aggregates of lymphoid follicles located in the lamina propria and submucosa of
the distal ileum (small intestine). They are part of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and monitor intestinal bacteria
populations, preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines.
Q7: A surgeon removes the thymus from a 6-month-old infant. Which immune function would be most
severely compromised?
A. Antibody production by plasma cells
B. Cell-mediated immunity involving cytotoxic T cells **[CORRECT]**
C. Phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages
D. Complement protein activation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The thymus is essential for T cell maturation. Without a functional thymus, T cells cannot develop properly,
severely compromising cell-mediated immunity. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, which kill virus-infected and tumor cells, are particularly
affected. B cell maturation occurs in the bone marrow, so antibody production would be less directly impacted, though helper T
cell deficiency would indirectly affect humoral immunity.
Q8: Which component of innate immunity is correctly paired with its description?
A. Lysozyme - an enzyme found in gastric acid that destroys pathogens
B. Natural killer (NK) cells - lymphocytes that kill virus-infected cells without prior sensitization
**[CORRECT]**
C. Complement system - a specific antibody-mediated defense mechanism
D. Fever - a pathological response that always harms the host
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: NK cells are part of the innate immune system and can recognize and kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells
without prior exposure or sensitization. Lysozyme is found in tears, saliva, and mucus (not gastric acid). The complement system is
part of innate immunity, not antibody-mediated (though antibodies can activate it). Fever is a beneficial physiological response
Page 3
2027)
Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab
Exam 2 Review Questions with Verified Answers
100% Correct | Grade A | 100 Questions
Chamberlain University
Aligned with 2026-2027 Curriculum Standards
Lymphatic System & Immunity | Respiratory System | Digestive System
Metabolism & Nutrition & Urinary System | Integrated Clinical Scenarios & Lab Applications
, BIOS 252 Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab | Exam 2 Review Questions | 100 Questions
Section 1: Lymphatic System and Immunity (Q1-Q25)
Q1: Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the lymphatic system?
A. Return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream
B. Transport dietary lipids via lacteals in the small intestine
C. Produce red blood cells in the bone marrow **[CORRECT]**
D. Conduct immune surveillance and defense
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) is a function of red bone marrow but is part of the hematopoietic
system, not the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system returns excess interstitial fluid, transports dietary lipids via lacteals, and
performs immune surveillance. Chamberlain BIOS 252 curriculum distinguishes hematopoiesis from lymphatic function.
Q2: A nursing student asks why lymphatic capillaries are described as 'blind-ended.' Which explanation is
most accurate?
A. They have no connection to the venous system at any point
B. They are closed at one end, allowing interstitial fluid to enter but not exit through the same end
**[CORRECT]**
C. They lack endothelial cells and are structurally incomplete
D. They only exist in the dermis of the skin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Lymphatic capillaries are blind-ended, meaning they are closed at one end and have overlapping endothelial
cells that function as one-way flap valves. Interstitial fluid enters through these flaps but cannot exit back through the same
opening. They do eventually connect to the venous system via the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts.
Q3: The thoracic duct drains lymph from approximately what proportion of the body?
A. The upper right quadrant only
B. The lower left quadrant only
C. Approximately three-quarters of the body, excluding the upper right quadrant **[CORRECT]**
D. All lymph from both sides of the body equally
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The thoracic duct (left lymphatic duct) is the larger of the two main lymphatic ducts and drains lymph from
approximately three-quarters of the body, including the lower limbs, abdomen, left thorax, left upper limb, and left side of the
head and neck. The right lymphatic duct drains only the upper right quadrant.
Q4: Which primary lymphoid organ is responsible for T cell maturation?
A. Bone marrow
B. Thymus **[CORRECT]**
C. Spleen
D. Lymph node
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The thymus is the primary lymphoid organ where T lymphocytes mature and undergo positive and negative
selection. Bone marrow is the site of B cell maturation and all blood cell production (hematopoiesis). The spleen and lymph nodes
are secondary lymphoid organs that filter blood and lymph, respectively.
Page 2
, BIOS 252 Anatomy & Physiology II with Lab | Exam 2 Review Questions | 100 Questions
Q5: A patient presents with an enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) after a viral infection. Which structural region
of the spleen is primarily responsible for the immune function?
A. Red pulp
B. White pulp **[CORRECT]**
C. Trabeculae
D. Hilum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: White pulp of the spleen contains lymphocytes (primarily B and T cells) arranged around central arteries,
forming periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths (PALS) and lymphoid follicles. This is the immunological region. Red pulp contains
splenic cords and sinusoids and is responsible for filtering blood and removing old or damaged red blood cells.
Q6: Peyer's patches are aggregates of lymphoid tissue found in which anatomical location?
A. The pharynx near the tonsils
B. The wall of the ileum of the small intestine **[CORRECT]**
C. The vermiform appendix
D. The wall of the large intestine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Peyer's patches are large aggregates of lymphoid follicles located in the lamina propria and submucosa of
the distal ileum (small intestine). They are part of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and monitor intestinal bacteria
populations, preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines.
Q7: A surgeon removes the thymus from a 6-month-old infant. Which immune function would be most
severely compromised?
A. Antibody production by plasma cells
B. Cell-mediated immunity involving cytotoxic T cells **[CORRECT]**
C. Phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages
D. Complement protein activation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The thymus is essential for T cell maturation. Without a functional thymus, T cells cannot develop properly,
severely compromising cell-mediated immunity. CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, which kill virus-infected and tumor cells, are particularly
affected. B cell maturation occurs in the bone marrow, so antibody production would be less directly impacted, though helper T
cell deficiency would indirectly affect humoral immunity.
Q8: Which component of innate immunity is correctly paired with its description?
A. Lysozyme - an enzyme found in gastric acid that destroys pathogens
B. Natural killer (NK) cells - lymphocytes that kill virus-infected cells without prior sensitization
**[CORRECT]**
C. Complement system - a specific antibody-mediated defense mechanism
D. Fever - a pathological response that always harms the host
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: NK cells are part of the innate immune system and can recognize and kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells
without prior exposure or sensitization. Lysozyme is found in tears, saliva, and mucus (not gastric acid). The complement system is
part of innate immunity, not antibody-mediated (though antibodies can activate it). Fever is a beneficial physiological response
Page 3
