NR507 Advanced
Pathophysiology Week 2 –
Cardiac Functions and CAD
Multiple Choice Questions and
Correct Answers Review/ NR
507 Week 2 Practice Test
NR-507 Advanced Pathophysiology week 2 Prep
,1. Which of the following best defines stroke volume (SV)?
- A) The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
- B) The amount of blood ejected by the heart in one contraction
- C) The total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
- D) The amount of blood returning to the heart
2. What is the main formula for calculating cardiac output (CO)?
- A) CO = Heart Rate x Blood Pressure
- B) CO = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
- C) CO = Stroke Volume + Heart Rate
- D) CO = Preload x Afterload
3. What does heart sound S1 indicate?
- A) Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
- B) Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
- C) Opening of the aortic and pulmonary valves
- D) Ventricular contraction
4. Which condition is characterized by increased afterload, making the
heart work harder to pump blood?
- A) Ischemia
- B) Hemorrhage
- C) Hypertension
- D) Dehydration
1
,5. A decreased preload due to dehydration would likely result in which
of the following?
- A) Increased stroke volume
- B) Decreased stroke volume
- C) Increased cardiac output
- D) Decreased heart rate
6. What is a potential consequence of decreased contractility in the heart?
- A) Increased stroke volume
- B) Decreased cardiac output
- C) Increased heart rate
- D) Improved perfusion of tissues
### Questions on Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
7. Atherosclerosis in coronary arteries is primarily characterized by:
- A) Thrombus formation
- B) Plaque buildup
- C) Vasodilation
- D) Constriction of blood vessels
8. What is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for coronary artery
disease?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Hyperlipidemia
- C) Age
- D) Smoking
2
, 9. Which of the following describes the sequence of events in the
pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?
- A) Ischemia → Lipid accumulation → Endothelial injury
- B) Endothelial injury → Lipid accumulation → Inflammation
- C) Inflammation → Plaque formation → Stenosis
- D) All of the above
10. What is a common clinical presentation of a patient with coronary
artery disease?
- A) Increased LDL levels
- B) Decreased exercise tolerance
- C) Chest pain and shortness of breath
- D) All of the above
### Questions on Heart Failure
11. Decreased cardiac output in heart failure may lead to:
- A) Increased patient energy levels
- B) Volunteering for physical activity
- C) Insufficient oxygen delivery to tissues
- D) Accelerated metabolic rate
12. What is a common cause of increased left ventricular end-diastolic
volume (LVEDV)?
- A) Decreased preload
- B) Reduced heart rate
- C) Increased blood volume or inadequate heart ejection
3
Pathophysiology Week 2 –
Cardiac Functions and CAD
Multiple Choice Questions and
Correct Answers Review/ NR
507 Week 2 Practice Test
NR-507 Advanced Pathophysiology week 2 Prep
,1. Which of the following best defines stroke volume (SV)?
- A) The volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
- B) The amount of blood ejected by the heart in one contraction
- C) The total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
- D) The amount of blood returning to the heart
2. What is the main formula for calculating cardiac output (CO)?
- A) CO = Heart Rate x Blood Pressure
- B) CO = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
- C) CO = Stroke Volume + Heart Rate
- D) CO = Preload x Afterload
3. What does heart sound S1 indicate?
- A) Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
- B) Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
- C) Opening of the aortic and pulmonary valves
- D) Ventricular contraction
4. Which condition is characterized by increased afterload, making the
heart work harder to pump blood?
- A) Ischemia
- B) Hemorrhage
- C) Hypertension
- D) Dehydration
1
,5. A decreased preload due to dehydration would likely result in which
of the following?
- A) Increased stroke volume
- B) Decreased stroke volume
- C) Increased cardiac output
- D) Decreased heart rate
6. What is a potential consequence of decreased contractility in the heart?
- A) Increased stroke volume
- B) Decreased cardiac output
- C) Increased heart rate
- D) Improved perfusion of tissues
### Questions on Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
7. Atherosclerosis in coronary arteries is primarily characterized by:
- A) Thrombus formation
- B) Plaque buildup
- C) Vasodilation
- D) Constriction of blood vessels
8. What is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for coronary artery
disease?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Hyperlipidemia
- C) Age
- D) Smoking
2
, 9. Which of the following describes the sequence of events in the
pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?
- A) Ischemia → Lipid accumulation → Endothelial injury
- B) Endothelial injury → Lipid accumulation → Inflammation
- C) Inflammation → Plaque formation → Stenosis
- D) All of the above
10. What is a common clinical presentation of a patient with coronary
artery disease?
- A) Increased LDL levels
- B) Decreased exercise tolerance
- C) Chest pain and shortness of breath
- D) All of the above
### Questions on Heart Failure
11. Decreased cardiac output in heart failure may lead to:
- A) Increased patient energy levels
- B) Volunteering for physical activity
- C) Insufficient oxygen delivery to tissues
- D) Accelerated metabolic rate
12. What is a common cause of increased left ventricular end-diastolic
volume (LVEDV)?
- A) Decreased preload
- B) Reduced heart rate
- C) Increased blood volume or inadequate heart ejection
3
