WGU SCRIPTING AND PROGRAMMING CORE MAIN
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Do-while loop - ✔✔A loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then
checks the loop condition. Compared to a while loop, a do-while loop is useful when the
loop should iterate at least once.
✔✔Function definition - ✔✔Consists of the new function's name and a block of
statements. The function's name can be any valid identifier.
✔✔Function call - ✔✔An invocation of a function's name, causing the function's
statements to execute.
✔✔Parameter - ✔✔A function input specified in a function definition. Example: A pizza
area function might have diameter as an input.
✔✔Argument - ✔✔A value provided to a function's parameter during a function call.
Example: A pizza area function might be called as PrintPizzaArea(12.0).
✔✔Modular development - ✔✔The process of dividing a program into separate modules
that can be developed and tested separately and then integrated into a single program.
✔✔Function stub - ✔✔A function definition whose statements have not yet been written.
✔✔Return statement - ✔✔Returns the specified value and immediately exits the
function.
✔✔Algorithm time efficiency - ✔✔The number of calculations required to solve a
problem. For the same problem, some algorithms may be much more time efficient than
others.
✔✔Systems development life cycle (SDLC) - ✔✔Analysis phase, design phase,
implementation phase, and testing phase.
, ✔✔Analysis phase - ✔✔Defines a program's goals.
✔✔Design phase - ✔✔Defines specifics of how to build a program.
✔✔Implementation phase - ✔✔Involves writing the program.
✔✔Testing phase - ✔✔Checks that the program correctly meets the goal.
✔✔Waterfall approach - ✔✔A program can be built by carrying out the SDLC phases in
sequence. The term waterfall is used because, just like a boat going down river doesn't
come back, no earlier phase is come back to.
✔✔Agile approach (spiral approach) - ✔✔In contrast, a program can be built by doing
small amounts of each SDLC phases in sequence, and then repeating.
✔✔Universal Modeling Language (UML) - ✔✔A modeling language for software design
that uses different types of diagrams to visualize the structure and behavior of
programs. UML consists of several structural and behavioral diagrams.
✔✔Structural diagram - ✔✔Visualizes static elements of software, such as the types of
variables and functions used in the program.
✔✔Behavioral diagram - ✔✔Visualizes dynamic behavior of software, such as the flow
of an algorithm.
✔✔Activity diagram - ✔✔A flowchart used to describe the flow of an activity or set of
activities.
✔✔Use case diagram - ✔✔A behavioral diagram used to visually model how a user
interacts with a software program. Actions from users and the accompanying actions in
software, as well as connections between different components of the software, are
illustrated in a use case diagram. Use case diagrams are often used to specify
behavioral requirements of programs.
✔✔Class diagram - ✔✔A structural diagram that can be used to visually model the
classes of a computer program, including member variables and functions. A *class* is
a code blueprint for creating an object that is composed of data members and functions
(sometimes called methods) that operate on those data members.
✔✔Sequence diagram - ✔✔A behavioral diagram that shows interaction between
software components and indicates the order of events. These diagrams are commonly
used to illustrate the sequence of events needed to handle a particular scenario in
software.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Do-while loop - ✔✔A loop that first executes the loop body's statements, then
checks the loop condition. Compared to a while loop, a do-while loop is useful when the
loop should iterate at least once.
✔✔Function definition - ✔✔Consists of the new function's name and a block of
statements. The function's name can be any valid identifier.
✔✔Function call - ✔✔An invocation of a function's name, causing the function's
statements to execute.
✔✔Parameter - ✔✔A function input specified in a function definition. Example: A pizza
area function might have diameter as an input.
✔✔Argument - ✔✔A value provided to a function's parameter during a function call.
Example: A pizza area function might be called as PrintPizzaArea(12.0).
✔✔Modular development - ✔✔The process of dividing a program into separate modules
that can be developed and tested separately and then integrated into a single program.
✔✔Function stub - ✔✔A function definition whose statements have not yet been written.
✔✔Return statement - ✔✔Returns the specified value and immediately exits the
function.
✔✔Algorithm time efficiency - ✔✔The number of calculations required to solve a
problem. For the same problem, some algorithms may be much more time efficient than
others.
✔✔Systems development life cycle (SDLC) - ✔✔Analysis phase, design phase,
implementation phase, and testing phase.
, ✔✔Analysis phase - ✔✔Defines a program's goals.
✔✔Design phase - ✔✔Defines specifics of how to build a program.
✔✔Implementation phase - ✔✔Involves writing the program.
✔✔Testing phase - ✔✔Checks that the program correctly meets the goal.
✔✔Waterfall approach - ✔✔A program can be built by carrying out the SDLC phases in
sequence. The term waterfall is used because, just like a boat going down river doesn't
come back, no earlier phase is come back to.
✔✔Agile approach (spiral approach) - ✔✔In contrast, a program can be built by doing
small amounts of each SDLC phases in sequence, and then repeating.
✔✔Universal Modeling Language (UML) - ✔✔A modeling language for software design
that uses different types of diagrams to visualize the structure and behavior of
programs. UML consists of several structural and behavioral diagrams.
✔✔Structural diagram - ✔✔Visualizes static elements of software, such as the types of
variables and functions used in the program.
✔✔Behavioral diagram - ✔✔Visualizes dynamic behavior of software, such as the flow
of an algorithm.
✔✔Activity diagram - ✔✔A flowchart used to describe the flow of an activity or set of
activities.
✔✔Use case diagram - ✔✔A behavioral diagram used to visually model how a user
interacts with a software program. Actions from users and the accompanying actions in
software, as well as connections between different components of the software, are
illustrated in a use case diagram. Use case diagrams are often used to specify
behavioral requirements of programs.
✔✔Class diagram - ✔✔A structural diagram that can be used to visually model the
classes of a computer program, including member variables and functions. A *class* is
a code blueprint for creating an object that is composed of data members and functions
(sometimes called methods) that operate on those data members.
✔✔Sequence diagram - ✔✔A behavioral diagram that shows interaction between
software components and indicates the order of events. These diagrams are commonly
used to illustrate the sequence of events needed to handle a particular scenario in
software.
