Developmental Psychology Finals Reviewer – Questions and
Answers Study Guide
Accommodation - Correct Answer -Piaget's term for the process by which children modify
their existing schemes in order to incorporate or adapt to new experiences.
Albert Bandura - Correct Answer -Social Learning Theory, theorized by, posits that people
learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. The theory has often been
called a bridge between behaviorist and cognitive learning theories because it encompasses
attention, memory, and motivation
Amnion - Correct Answer -a watertight membrane that surrounds the developing embryo,
serving to regulate its temperature and to cushion it against injuries.
Assimilation - Correct Answer -Piaget's term for the process by which children interpret new
experiences by incorporating them into their existing schemes.
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Correct Answer -an attentional disorder
involving distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior that often leads to academic
difficulties, poor self-esteem, and social or emotional problems.
Breech birth - Correct Answer -a delivery in which the fetus emerges feet first or buttocks
first rather than head first.
Blastocyst - Correct Answer -name given to the ball of cells formed when the fertilized egg
begins to divide
Cesarean delivery - Correct Answer -surgical delivery of a baby through an incision made in
the pregnant woman's abdomen and uterus.
Cerebrum - Correct Answer -the highest brain center; includes both hemispheres of the
brain and the fi beers that connect them
Crystallized intelligence - Correct Answer -the ability to understand relations or solve
problems that depend on knowledge acquired from schooling and other cultural info fences
Clinical method - Correct Answer -a type of interview in which a participant's response to
each successive question (or problem) determines what the investigator will ask next
Cognitive development - Correct Answer -age-related changes that occur in mental activities
such as attending, perceiving, learning, thinking, and remembering.
Cognitive development - Correct Answer -changes that occur in mental activities such as
attending, perceiving, learning, thinking, and remembering.
1
, Cognitive schema - Correct Answer -In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (plural
schemata or schemas) describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories
of information and the relationships among them.
Conception - Correct Answer -the moment of fertilization, when a sperm penetrates an
ovum, forming a zygote
Conditioned response (CR) - Correct Answer -a learned response to a stimulus that was not
originally capable of producing the response
Conservation - Correct Answer -the recognition that the properties of an object or substance
do not change when its appearance is altered in some superficial way
Creativity - Correct Answer -the ability to generate novel ideas or works that are useful and
valued by others
Cross-sectional design - Correct Answer -a research design in which subjects from different
age groups are studied at the same point in time
Dependent variable - Correct Answer -the aspect of behavior that is measured in an
experiment and assumed to be under the control of the independent variable
Development - Correct Answer -systematic continuities and changes in the individual over
the course of life.
Develop mentalist - Correct Answer -any scholar, regardless of discipline, who seeks to
understand the developmental process (e.g., psychologists, biologists, sociologists,
anthropologists, educators)
Developmental psychology - Correct Answer -branch of psychology devoted to identifying
and explaining the continuities and changes that individuals display over time.
Egocentrism - Correct Answer -the tendency to view the world from one's own perspective
while failing to recognize that others may have different points of view
Erik Erikson - Correct Answer -maintained that personality develops in a predetermined
order through eight stages of psychosocial development, from infancy to adulthood. During
each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or
negative outcome for personality development.
experimental control - Correct Answer -steps taken by an experimenter to ensure that all
extraneous factors that could info hence the dependent variable are roughly equivalent in
each experimental condition; these precautions must be taken before an experimenter can
be reasonably certain that observed changes in the dependent variable were caused by the
manipulation of the independent variable.
2
Answers Study Guide
Accommodation - Correct Answer -Piaget's term for the process by which children modify
their existing schemes in order to incorporate or adapt to new experiences.
Albert Bandura - Correct Answer -Social Learning Theory, theorized by, posits that people
learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. The theory has often been
called a bridge between behaviorist and cognitive learning theories because it encompasses
attention, memory, and motivation
Amnion - Correct Answer -a watertight membrane that surrounds the developing embryo,
serving to regulate its temperature and to cushion it against injuries.
Assimilation - Correct Answer -Piaget's term for the process by which children interpret new
experiences by incorporating them into their existing schemes.
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Correct Answer -an attentional disorder
involving distractibility, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior that often leads to academic
difficulties, poor self-esteem, and social or emotional problems.
Breech birth - Correct Answer -a delivery in which the fetus emerges feet first or buttocks
first rather than head first.
Blastocyst - Correct Answer -name given to the ball of cells formed when the fertilized egg
begins to divide
Cesarean delivery - Correct Answer -surgical delivery of a baby through an incision made in
the pregnant woman's abdomen and uterus.
Cerebrum - Correct Answer -the highest brain center; includes both hemispheres of the
brain and the fi beers that connect them
Crystallized intelligence - Correct Answer -the ability to understand relations or solve
problems that depend on knowledge acquired from schooling and other cultural info fences
Clinical method - Correct Answer -a type of interview in which a participant's response to
each successive question (or problem) determines what the investigator will ask next
Cognitive development - Correct Answer -age-related changes that occur in mental activities
such as attending, perceiving, learning, thinking, and remembering.
Cognitive development - Correct Answer -changes that occur in mental activities such as
attending, perceiving, learning, thinking, and remembering.
1
, Cognitive schema - Correct Answer -In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (plural
schemata or schemas) describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories
of information and the relationships among them.
Conception - Correct Answer -the moment of fertilization, when a sperm penetrates an
ovum, forming a zygote
Conditioned response (CR) - Correct Answer -a learned response to a stimulus that was not
originally capable of producing the response
Conservation - Correct Answer -the recognition that the properties of an object or substance
do not change when its appearance is altered in some superficial way
Creativity - Correct Answer -the ability to generate novel ideas or works that are useful and
valued by others
Cross-sectional design - Correct Answer -a research design in which subjects from different
age groups are studied at the same point in time
Dependent variable - Correct Answer -the aspect of behavior that is measured in an
experiment and assumed to be under the control of the independent variable
Development - Correct Answer -systematic continuities and changes in the individual over
the course of life.
Develop mentalist - Correct Answer -any scholar, regardless of discipline, who seeks to
understand the developmental process (e.g., psychologists, biologists, sociologists,
anthropologists, educators)
Developmental psychology - Correct Answer -branch of psychology devoted to identifying
and explaining the continuities and changes that individuals display over time.
Egocentrism - Correct Answer -the tendency to view the world from one's own perspective
while failing to recognize that others may have different points of view
Erik Erikson - Correct Answer -maintained that personality develops in a predetermined
order through eight stages of psychosocial development, from infancy to adulthood. During
each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or
negative outcome for personality development.
experimental control - Correct Answer -steps taken by an experimenter to ensure that all
extraneous factors that could info hence the dependent variable are roughly equivalent in
each experimental condition; these precautions must be taken before an experimenter can
be reasonably certain that observed changes in the dependent variable were caused by the
manipulation of the independent variable.
2
