NSG 3280 exam 2
,NSG 3280 at Galen
College Of Nursing
(Exam 2,3 for patho)
, Questions 1–25: Exam 2 – Immune, Respiratory, Skin, &
Cardiovascular Disorders
1. A patient with chronic hypertension develops left ventricular hypertrophy. This
cellular adaptation is best described as:
• A) Hyperplasia
• B) Hypertrophy
• C) Metaplasia
• D) Dysplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size in response to increased workload,
such as the cardiac muscle cells in a patient with chronic hypertension. Hyperplasia is an
increase in cell number, metaplasia is replacement of one cell type with another, and
dysplasia is abnormal cell growth.
2. A nurse notes a reddened area over a patient's hip bone that blanches when
touched with a finger. This finding is most consistent with:
• A) A local skin infection requiring antibiotics
• B) Sensitive skin that requires special bed linen
• C) Stage 3 pressure injury
• D) Reactive hyperemia (Stage 1 pressure injury)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A reddened area that blanches (turns white) with fingertip pressure indicates
,NSG 3280 at Galen
College Of Nursing
(Exam 2,3 for patho)
, Questions 1–25: Exam 2 – Immune, Respiratory, Skin, &
Cardiovascular Disorders
1. A patient with chronic hypertension develops left ventricular hypertrophy. This
cellular adaptation is best described as:
• A) Hyperplasia
• B) Hypertrophy
• C) Metaplasia
• D) Dysplasia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size in response to increased workload,
such as the cardiac muscle cells in a patient with chronic hypertension. Hyperplasia is an
increase in cell number, metaplasia is replacement of one cell type with another, and
dysplasia is abnormal cell growth.
2. A nurse notes a reddened area over a patient's hip bone that blanches when
touched with a finger. This finding is most consistent with:
• A) A local skin infection requiring antibiotics
• B) Sensitive skin that requires special bed linen
• C) Stage 3 pressure injury
• D) Reactive hyperemia (Stage 1 pressure injury)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A reddened area that blanches (turns white) with fingertip pressure indicates
