CAPA/CPAN Exam with Accurate Solutions

CAPA/CPAN Exam with Accurate Solutions



Nursing Process - correct answer-Assessment-
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gathering info/data; asking questions to gather this info/data cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Diagnosis
Identification of Outcomes cv cv




Planning-
future tense; patient is subject, achieve overall goal Implementa
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tion- nurse is subject, present tense.
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Evaluation

DNR vs AND - correct answer-
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DNR can WITHHOLD Palliative care AND includes it
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Ethical Principles - correct answer-Autonomy-
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freedom of action chosen by individual Beneficence- doing good
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Nonmaleficence-
do no harm Justice-
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duty to be fair to all people Veracity-
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truthfullness or accuracy Fidelity-
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loyal or faithful
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Biot's respirations - correct answer-
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rapid gasps followed by apnea Usually brain insults (ex. traumas)
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=Increase ICP cv




Cheyne-Stokes respiration - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




gradual increase and then decrease in breathing followed by apnea
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Increase ICP cv




usually Cardiac problems cv cv




Kussmaul's breathing pattern - correct answer- cv cv cv cv cv




tachypnea and hyperpnea ex. DKA, metabolic acidosis patients cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Statutory Law - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




legislative acts declaring, commanding, or prohibiting something cv cv cv cv cv cv




written laws where you can go and reference it ex.
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driving over the speed limit
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Common Law - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




patient bill of rights derived from principles rather than rule
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s and regulations
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,Civil Law - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




Based on rules and regulations Court action lawsuits (most co
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mmon)
Wrong doing cv




Tort Law - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




wrongful doing involves compensation to those wro cv c v cv cv cv cv




ngfully injured assault/battery/negligence; alarm sil
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encing

Criminal Law - correct answer-Harmful or offensive to society as a whole
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ex. practicing nursing/medicine without a license; harming patients on purpose
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Informed consent** - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




Consent obtained after the patient has been fully informed by the physician about the risks
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and benefits of the treatment, alternatives, and consequences of no treatment
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*can be withdrawn at any time; even at the last second
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*If signing after narcotic/benzo given-must wait at least 1/2 the half-life of the drug
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*Is the patient knowledgeable, willing, competent
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Informed Consent (cont)** - correct answer- cv cv cv cv cv




Competent to Sign: legal adult, minors with parent/guardian, emancipated minor (married or cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




in armed forces).
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Exceptions: pt is unable to give consent and is a threat to life/emergent (IMPLIED CONSENT cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




)
**Must have documentation of emergency in staff notes
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**Malpractice - correct answer- cv cv cv




Elements needed to claim medical malpractice: Duty owed patient cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Breach of duty owed patient Causat cv cv cv cv cv




ion - cv




most difficult to prove Injury/Damag
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es

Intentional Torts - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




Violating patient rights; No actual harm necessary. 3 most common: cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Assault-
place person in fear of being touched Battery-
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Touch without permission cv cv




False imprisonment-unjustified detention cv cv




Intentional Quasi Torts - correct answer- cv cv cv cv cv




No intent to injure or cause distress to another person.
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Ex: Patient abandonment, defamation of character, invasion of privacy, breach of confidenti
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ality

**Staffing Ratios - correct answer- cv cv cv cv




Staffing ratios see pg. 864 ISO patients 1:1 cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Peds <8 yo unconscious = 1:1 regardless of parent.
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( if they have parent and stable you can have another patient)
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,1:1 New phase 1 admission (fresh out of OR), unstable hemodynamically, unstable airw
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ay

PreAdmission - correct answer--usually phone call is done 2 weeks prior to surgery cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




-written instructions should be at 5th grade level
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-Med Rec starts at 1st PAT visit when MD decided pt needs surgery
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Med History (AntiCoags) - correct answer-
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*AntiCoag therapy, NSAIDs, Aspirin should be stopped cv cv cv cv cv cv




Aspirin-stopped up to 7 days prior cv cv cv cv cv




Coumadin-

stopped 5 days prior (coags taken immediately before surgery) Dipyridamole
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(Persantine)- stopped 2 days prior cv cv cv cv




*Interfere with plt function: Indomethacin, tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines, fur
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osemide, steroids cv




Med Rec (Held vs. Taken Day of Surgery) - correct answer-
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Held Day of: Diuretics, insulin, oral hypoglycemic, MAOI antidepressants
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Taken Day of: cv cv




Cardiac,antihypertensives cv cv




Beta Blockers cv




CaChannelBlockers A
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nticonvulsants Chronic cv cv




Pain Meds cv




Herbals/Supplements - correct answer- cv cv cv




Decreases BP: Black Cohosh Increases BP: ginseg, ephedra, licorice cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Steroids: echinacea, licorice may decrease effect Increase
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AntiCoag(More Bleeding):
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-Ginko*, feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginseng, Vit E, fish oil, saw palmetto
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Decreases AntiCoag (more clotting) cv cv cv




-
St John's wort*, ginseng, green tea (
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more risk for DVT, PE, MI, Strokes)
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Barbituates and benzos cv cv




Increases Effect: St johns wart (prolongs emergence) Decreas cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




es Effect: sarsaparillae
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Diagnostic Tests: CBC Labs - correct answer-Indications for this test: cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv

, Infections autoimmun cv




ediseases alcohol abu
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se
blood disorders (anemia, coagulopathies, chronic disease states) Expecte
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d large EBL or recent significant blood loss.
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Diagnostic Tests: BMP vs CMP Labs - correct answer- cv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv




Indications for this test: BMP: cv cv cv cv




ChronicRenalFailure cv cv cv




HTN
Heart Disease cv




any disease with potential fluid/electrolyte disturbance COPD
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or OSA cv




CMP:
Chronic renal or liver disease (Liver function tests) Malnutritioncv cv cv cv cv cv cv cv c




(albumin)
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Usually ordered for Addiction patients (usually have low albumin levels) Ca
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level (ionized "free floating calcium")
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More Diagnostic Tests - correct answer- cv cv cv cv cv




ECG/EKG: any cardiac hx patient cv cv cv cv




Hx of CVA or TIA DM cv cv cv cv cv




Smokerlongterm P cv cv cv




V disease cv




Pregnancy Test: cv




Females of childbearing age cv cv cv




(1st to last menses +1 year WITHOUT breakthrough bleeding)
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Fasting Blood Glucose: cv cv




ALL diabetic patients unless electrolytes ordered
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More Diagnostic Tests (Cont.) - correct answer-
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Blood Bank: Patient pre-donated cv cv cv




Large EBL cv




CXR:
if there are s/sx of cardiac or pulm disease
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PFT (Pulm function tests): cv cv cv




Pulm surgery (thoracic surgeries), CABG cv cv cv cv




OSA- ASA OSA Checklist - correct answer- cv cv cv cv cv cv




Preop Assessment Tools: Yes to <3 = low risk for OSA
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