Test Bank For Biochemistry 7th
Edition by Reginald Garrett , Charles
Grisham| Latest Edition With All
Chapters Included
Primer annealing in the polymerase chain reaction is determined by - answer-
Sequence homology
In polymerase chain reaction DNA synthesis occurs in the ... direction - answer- 5'->3'
In agarose gel electrophoresis under standard conditions, DNA migrates towards the ...
electrode - answer- Positive
In agarose gel electrophoresis larger DNA fragments move ... than smaller DNA
fragments. - answer- Slower
In a DNA sequencing reaction, dideoxynucleotide triphosphates are added since they
do not have a ... - answer- 3' OH group
DNA replication is ... - answer- Semi-conservative
In ... expression of genes is sometimes regulated by chromatin remodelling - answer-
Eukaryotes
are activated by covalent linkage to amino acids. - answer- Transfer RNAs
undergoes extensive post-transcriptional processing in the form of 5' capping
polyadenylation and splicing. - answer- Mammalian mRNA
are coding sequences in gene transcripts - answer- Exons
Degradation of glycogen by phosphorylase results in the release of glucose - answer-
False
Adrenaline stimulates glycogen mobilisation in both liver and skeletal muscle - answer-
True
Phosphorylase kinase is activated by calcium ions - answer- True
Glycogen synthetase is activated by dephosphorylation - answer- True
,Muscle glycogen breakdown contributes directly to the maintenance of the blood
glucose level. - answer- False
A precursor of the cofactor for the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase - answer-
Riboflavin
A cofactor for enzyme-catalysed carboxylation reactions - answer- Biotin
A precursor for the cofactor of transaminases - answer- Pyridoxine
A vitamin whose deficiency is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects -
answer- Folic acid
Required for fatty acid metabolism - answer- Carnitine
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
Arterial blood pCO2 will be low - answer- True
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
Blood urea will be elevated. - answer- True
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
Serum potassium will rise as the acidosis is corrected - answer- False
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
A raised serum creatinine is clear evidence of impaired renal function. - answer- False
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Phosphate depletion may occur, but is not usually functionally
significant. - answer- False
Energy yield on complete oxidation of fatty acids is only one half of what could be
obtained from an equivalent weight of glucose - answer- False
Insulin promotes uptake of fatty acids and their storage as triglyceride in adipose tissue
- answer- True
Dietary fatty acids are packaged by the liver into very low density lipoproteins for
distribution to the rest of the body - answer- False
Glucagon promotes fatty acid biosynthesis in liver by activation of acetyl CoA
carboxylase - answer- False
Adrenalin stimulates fatty acid mobilisation from adipose tissue - answer- True
site of ribosome assembly - answer- nucleolus
,site for processing of very long chain fatty acids - answer- peroxisome
site for synthesis of proteins destined for export from the cell - answer- rough
endoplasmic reticulum
site where fatty acids are oxidised - answer- mitochondrial matrix
site for activation of sugars for oxidation - answer- cytoplasm
Synthesis of prothrombin requires vitamin K - answer- True
Platelets are activated by exposure to collagen - answer- True
Activated platelets release serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) - answer- True
Calcium ions are required for blood clotting - answer- True
Plasmin is responsible for conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin - answer- False
Basic AA - answer- Lysine
Sulphur-containing AA - answer- Methionine
Aliphatic AA - answer- Leucine
Aromatic AA - answer- Phenylalanine
Acidic AA - answer- Aspartate
Vmax - answer- Rate of enzyme reaction at saturating substrate concentration
Km - answer- Substrate concentration at half maximal velocity
Allostery - answer- Co-operative enzymes
Competitive inhibition - answer- Some inhibitors bind to enzyme active site
Km increases, Vmax stays the same
Kcat - answer- Number of molecules of substrate converted to product in unit time
Immunoglobulins are plasma proteins that play a key role in - answer- Recognition of
foreign proteins
Immunoglobulins are secreted in large amounts by - answer- Plasma cells
, Immunoglobulins of the IgG1 subclass consist of - answer- Two heavy chains and two
light chains held together by disulphide bonds
The portion of the immunoglobulin molecule that interacts with components of the
complement cascade is - answer- The Fc region
Which of the antibody classes is specifically involved in transepithelial secretion? -
answer- IgA
Protein makes up >50% of the daily macronutrient intake in a typical western diet. -
answer- False
Ingestion of pure glucose results in a more rapid and greater increase in blood glucose
concentration than an amount of white bread with the same carbohydrate content -
answer- True
Body glycogen stores can be mobilised to maintain the blood glucose concentration for
at least 48 hours of fasting. - answer- False
Body fat represents ~75% of total body energy stores. - answer- True
During fasting, body protein, especially in skeletal muscle, is broken down to provide
amino acids for hepatic glucogenesis - answer- True
The mitochondrial electron transport chain comprises ... large multisubunit complexes
linked by small, mobile electron - answer- 3
Electrons from the re-oxidation of NADH are transferred through the chain and are
ultimately passed to - answer- O2
Electron transport is accompanied by the pumping ... from the matrix to the inter-
membrane space. The gradient thus created can be directly discharged through ... -
answer- hydrogen ions
ATP synthase
from the matrix to the inter-membrane space. The gradient thus created can be directly
discharged through - answer- ATP synthase
The electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane can be used for
all of the following functions except - answer- fatty acid uptake via the carnitine transport
system
membrane phospholipid - answer- phosphatidyl choline
Precursor of bile salts - answer- cholesterol
Edition by Reginald Garrett , Charles
Grisham| Latest Edition With All
Chapters Included
Primer annealing in the polymerase chain reaction is determined by - answer-
Sequence homology
In polymerase chain reaction DNA synthesis occurs in the ... direction - answer- 5'->3'
In agarose gel electrophoresis under standard conditions, DNA migrates towards the ...
electrode - answer- Positive
In agarose gel electrophoresis larger DNA fragments move ... than smaller DNA
fragments. - answer- Slower
In a DNA sequencing reaction, dideoxynucleotide triphosphates are added since they
do not have a ... - answer- 3' OH group
DNA replication is ... - answer- Semi-conservative
In ... expression of genes is sometimes regulated by chromatin remodelling - answer-
Eukaryotes
are activated by covalent linkage to amino acids. - answer- Transfer RNAs
undergoes extensive post-transcriptional processing in the form of 5' capping
polyadenylation and splicing. - answer- Mammalian mRNA
are coding sequences in gene transcripts - answer- Exons
Degradation of glycogen by phosphorylase results in the release of glucose - answer-
False
Adrenaline stimulates glycogen mobilisation in both liver and skeletal muscle - answer-
True
Phosphorylase kinase is activated by calcium ions - answer- True
Glycogen synthetase is activated by dephosphorylation - answer- True
,Muscle glycogen breakdown contributes directly to the maintenance of the blood
glucose level. - answer- False
A precursor of the cofactor for the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase - answer-
Riboflavin
A cofactor for enzyme-catalysed carboxylation reactions - answer- Biotin
A precursor for the cofactor of transaminases - answer- Pyridoxine
A vitamin whose deficiency is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects -
answer- Folic acid
Required for fatty acid metabolism - answer- Carnitine
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
Arterial blood pCO2 will be low - answer- True
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
Blood urea will be elevated. - answer- True
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
Serum potassium will rise as the acidosis is corrected - answer- False
Diabetic Ketoacidosis:
A raised serum creatinine is clear evidence of impaired renal function. - answer- False
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Phosphate depletion may occur, but is not usually functionally
significant. - answer- False
Energy yield on complete oxidation of fatty acids is only one half of what could be
obtained from an equivalent weight of glucose - answer- False
Insulin promotes uptake of fatty acids and their storage as triglyceride in adipose tissue
- answer- True
Dietary fatty acids are packaged by the liver into very low density lipoproteins for
distribution to the rest of the body - answer- False
Glucagon promotes fatty acid biosynthesis in liver by activation of acetyl CoA
carboxylase - answer- False
Adrenalin stimulates fatty acid mobilisation from adipose tissue - answer- True
site of ribosome assembly - answer- nucleolus
,site for processing of very long chain fatty acids - answer- peroxisome
site for synthesis of proteins destined for export from the cell - answer- rough
endoplasmic reticulum
site where fatty acids are oxidised - answer- mitochondrial matrix
site for activation of sugars for oxidation - answer- cytoplasm
Synthesis of prothrombin requires vitamin K - answer- True
Platelets are activated by exposure to collagen - answer- True
Activated platelets release serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) - answer- True
Calcium ions are required for blood clotting - answer- True
Plasmin is responsible for conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin - answer- False
Basic AA - answer- Lysine
Sulphur-containing AA - answer- Methionine
Aliphatic AA - answer- Leucine
Aromatic AA - answer- Phenylalanine
Acidic AA - answer- Aspartate
Vmax - answer- Rate of enzyme reaction at saturating substrate concentration
Km - answer- Substrate concentration at half maximal velocity
Allostery - answer- Co-operative enzymes
Competitive inhibition - answer- Some inhibitors bind to enzyme active site
Km increases, Vmax stays the same
Kcat - answer- Number of molecules of substrate converted to product in unit time
Immunoglobulins are plasma proteins that play a key role in - answer- Recognition of
foreign proteins
Immunoglobulins are secreted in large amounts by - answer- Plasma cells
, Immunoglobulins of the IgG1 subclass consist of - answer- Two heavy chains and two
light chains held together by disulphide bonds
The portion of the immunoglobulin molecule that interacts with components of the
complement cascade is - answer- The Fc region
Which of the antibody classes is specifically involved in transepithelial secretion? -
answer- IgA
Protein makes up >50% of the daily macronutrient intake in a typical western diet. -
answer- False
Ingestion of pure glucose results in a more rapid and greater increase in blood glucose
concentration than an amount of white bread with the same carbohydrate content -
answer- True
Body glycogen stores can be mobilised to maintain the blood glucose concentration for
at least 48 hours of fasting. - answer- False
Body fat represents ~75% of total body energy stores. - answer- True
During fasting, body protein, especially in skeletal muscle, is broken down to provide
amino acids for hepatic glucogenesis - answer- True
The mitochondrial electron transport chain comprises ... large multisubunit complexes
linked by small, mobile electron - answer- 3
Electrons from the re-oxidation of NADH are transferred through the chain and are
ultimately passed to - answer- O2
Electron transport is accompanied by the pumping ... from the matrix to the inter-
membrane space. The gradient thus created can be directly discharged through ... -
answer- hydrogen ions
ATP synthase
from the matrix to the inter-membrane space. The gradient thus created can be directly
discharged through - answer- ATP synthase
The electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane can be used for
all of the following functions except - answer- fatty acid uptake via the carnitine transport
system
membrane phospholipid - answer- phosphatidyl choline
Precursor of bile salts - answer- cholesterol
