Newest Nutrition Proctored Exam Practice Test Latest
2026-2027/ Nutrition Proctored PRACTICE Exam
with 250 Questions and Correct Answers/ Nutrition
Proctored Latest Practice Exam
1: Which of the following is the primary function of carbohydrates in the diet?
A) Building and repairing muscle tissue
B) Providing energy for the body
C) Regulating body temperature
D) Transporting oxygen in the blood -ANSWER- B) Providing energy for the body
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source, providing 4 kcal
per gram and fueling cellular function.
2: A nurse is teaching a client about dietary sources of complete proteins. Which of
the following foods should the nurse identify as a complete protein?
A) Beans
B) Rice
C) Eggs
D) Nuts -ANSWER- C) Eggs
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids. Eggs, meat, fish,
and dairy are complete proteins, while beans, rice, and nuts are incomplete.
3: Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins is essential for blood clotting?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K -ANSWER- D) Vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver.
Fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and K.
4: A nurse is educating a client about the role of dietary fiber. Which of the
following is a benefit of soluble fiber?
A) Adds bulk to stool and prevents constipation
B) Lowers blood cholesterol levels
1
,C) Provides calories for energy
D) Increases blood glucose levels -ANSWER- B) Lowers blood cholesterol levels
Rationale: Soluble fiber binds to cholesterol and bile acids, helping to lower blood
cholesterol levels. Insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool.
5: Which of the following minerals is essential for thyroid hormone production?
A) Iron
B) Iodine
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium -ANSWER- B) Iodine
Rationale: Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). Deficiency
can lead to goiter and hypothyroidism.
6: A nurse is teaching about the DASH diet. Which of the following is a primary
focus of this dietary approach?
A) Low carbohydrate intake
B) High protein intake
C) Low sodium intake
D) High fat intake -ANSWER- C) Low sodium intake
Rationale: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes
low sodium intake to help manage blood pressure.
7: Which of the following is a sign of protein-calorie malnutrition?
A) Edema
B) Hypertension
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Tachycardia -ANSWER- A) Edema
Rationale: Edema is a sign of protein-calorie malnutrition due to decreased oncotic
pressure from low serum albumin.
8: A nurse is caring for a client with celiac disease. Which of the following foods
should be avoided?
A) Rice
B) Corn
C) Wheat
D) Potatoes -ANSWER- C) Wheat
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding wheat, barley, and
rye.
2
,9: Which of the following laboratory values is the best indicator of long-term blood
glucose control?
A) Fasting blood glucose
B) Random blood glucose
C) Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
D) Oral glucose tolerance test -ANSWER- C) Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Rationale: HbA1c reflects average blood glucose levels over the previous 2-3
months, making it the best indicator of long-term glucose control.
10: A nurse is teaching a client about the importance of folic acid during
pregnancy. Which of the following is a potential complication of folic acid
deficiency?
A) Neural tube defects
B) Macrocytic anemia
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B -ANSWER- C) Both A and B
Rationale: Folic acid deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in the developing
fetus and macrocytic anemia in the mother.
11: Which of the following foods is the richest source of bioavailable iron?
A) Spinach
B) Red meat
C) Beans
D) Fortified cereal -ANSWER- B) Red meat
Rationale: Heme iron found in red meat is more bioavailable than non-heme iron
found in plant sources.
12: A nurse is teaching a client about healthy fat choices. Which of the following is
a source of unsaturated fat?
A) Butter
B) Coconut oil
C) Olive oil
D) Lard -ANSWER- C) Olive oil
Rationale: Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fats, which are heart-healthy.
Butter, coconut oil, and lard are high in saturated fats.
13: Which of the following is the recommended daily protein intake for a healthy
adult?
A) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
3
, B) 1.2 g/kg of body weight
C) 1.6 g/kg of body weight
D) 2.0 g/kg of body weight -ANSWER- A) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
Rationale: The RDA for protein for healthy adults is 0.8 g/kg of body weight per
day.
14: A nurse is assessing a client for signs of dehydration. Which of the following
findings is consistent with fluid volume deficit?
A) Bounding pulse
B) Jugular vein distention
C) Dry mucous membranes
D) Peripheral edema -ANSWER- C) Dry mucous membranes
Rationale: Dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, and decreased urine output
are signs of dehydration.
15: Which of the following vitamins is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to
sunlight?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K -ANSWER- B) Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin through exposure to ultraviolet B
(UVB) sunlight.
16: A nurse is teaching a client with hypertension about sodium restriction. Which
of the following foods is highest in sodium?
A) Fresh vegetables
B) Canned soup
C) Brown rice
D) Plain yogurt -ANSWER- B) Canned soup
Rationale: Canned soups are typically high in sodium due to added salt and
preservatives. Fresh foods are naturally low in sodium.
17: Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency?
A) Night blindness
B) Pernicious anemia
C) Scurvy
D) Osteomalacia -ANSWER- B) Pernicious anemia
4
2026-2027/ Nutrition Proctored PRACTICE Exam
with 250 Questions and Correct Answers/ Nutrition
Proctored Latest Practice Exam
1: Which of the following is the primary function of carbohydrates in the diet?
A) Building and repairing muscle tissue
B) Providing energy for the body
C) Regulating body temperature
D) Transporting oxygen in the blood -ANSWER- B) Providing energy for the body
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source, providing 4 kcal
per gram and fueling cellular function.
2: A nurse is teaching a client about dietary sources of complete proteins. Which of
the following foods should the nurse identify as a complete protein?
A) Beans
B) Rice
C) Eggs
D) Nuts -ANSWER- C) Eggs
Rationale: Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids. Eggs, meat, fish,
and dairy are complete proteins, while beans, rice, and nuts are incomplete.
3: Which of the following fat-soluble vitamins is essential for blood clotting?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K -ANSWER- D) Vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver.
Fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and K.
4: A nurse is educating a client about the role of dietary fiber. Which of the
following is a benefit of soluble fiber?
A) Adds bulk to stool and prevents constipation
B) Lowers blood cholesterol levels
1
,C) Provides calories for energy
D) Increases blood glucose levels -ANSWER- B) Lowers blood cholesterol levels
Rationale: Soluble fiber binds to cholesterol and bile acids, helping to lower blood
cholesterol levels. Insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool.
5: Which of the following minerals is essential for thyroid hormone production?
A) Iron
B) Iodine
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium -ANSWER- B) Iodine
Rationale: Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). Deficiency
can lead to goiter and hypothyroidism.
6: A nurse is teaching about the DASH diet. Which of the following is a primary
focus of this dietary approach?
A) Low carbohydrate intake
B) High protein intake
C) Low sodium intake
D) High fat intake -ANSWER- C) Low sodium intake
Rationale: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes
low sodium intake to help manage blood pressure.
7: Which of the following is a sign of protein-calorie malnutrition?
A) Edema
B) Hypertension
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Tachycardia -ANSWER- A) Edema
Rationale: Edema is a sign of protein-calorie malnutrition due to decreased oncotic
pressure from low serum albumin.
8: A nurse is caring for a client with celiac disease. Which of the following foods
should be avoided?
A) Rice
B) Corn
C) Wheat
D) Potatoes -ANSWER- C) Wheat
Rationale: Celiac disease requires a gluten-free diet, avoiding wheat, barley, and
rye.
2
,9: Which of the following laboratory values is the best indicator of long-term blood
glucose control?
A) Fasting blood glucose
B) Random blood glucose
C) Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
D) Oral glucose tolerance test -ANSWER- C) Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Rationale: HbA1c reflects average blood glucose levels over the previous 2-3
months, making it the best indicator of long-term glucose control.
10: A nurse is teaching a client about the importance of folic acid during
pregnancy. Which of the following is a potential complication of folic acid
deficiency?
A) Neural tube defects
B) Macrocytic anemia
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B -ANSWER- C) Both A and B
Rationale: Folic acid deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in the developing
fetus and macrocytic anemia in the mother.
11: Which of the following foods is the richest source of bioavailable iron?
A) Spinach
B) Red meat
C) Beans
D) Fortified cereal -ANSWER- B) Red meat
Rationale: Heme iron found in red meat is more bioavailable than non-heme iron
found in plant sources.
12: A nurse is teaching a client about healthy fat choices. Which of the following is
a source of unsaturated fat?
A) Butter
B) Coconut oil
C) Olive oil
D) Lard -ANSWER- C) Olive oil
Rationale: Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fats, which are heart-healthy.
Butter, coconut oil, and lard are high in saturated fats.
13: Which of the following is the recommended daily protein intake for a healthy
adult?
A) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
3
, B) 1.2 g/kg of body weight
C) 1.6 g/kg of body weight
D) 2.0 g/kg of body weight -ANSWER- A) 0.8 g/kg of body weight
Rationale: The RDA for protein for healthy adults is 0.8 g/kg of body weight per
day.
14: A nurse is assessing a client for signs of dehydration. Which of the following
findings is consistent with fluid volume deficit?
A) Bounding pulse
B) Jugular vein distention
C) Dry mucous membranes
D) Peripheral edema -ANSWER- C) Dry mucous membranes
Rationale: Dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, and decreased urine output
are signs of dehydration.
15: Which of the following vitamins is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to
sunlight?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K -ANSWER- B) Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin through exposure to ultraviolet B
(UVB) sunlight.
16: A nurse is teaching a client with hypertension about sodium restriction. Which
of the following foods is highest in sodium?
A) Fresh vegetables
B) Canned soup
C) Brown rice
D) Plain yogurt -ANSWER- B) Canned soup
Rationale: Canned soups are typically high in sodium due to added salt and
preservatives. Fresh foods are naturally low in sodium.
17: Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency?
A) Night blindness
B) Pernicious anemia
C) Scurvy
D) Osteomalacia -ANSWER- B) Pernicious anemia
4
