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NSG 2610 Exam 1 2026-2027 BANK QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXAM QUESTIONS
WILL COME FROM HERE (100% Latest Already Graded
A+
1. A 72-year-old male patient is admitted with community-acquired
pneumonia. He has a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. His
vital signs are: temperature 38.9°C, heart rate 110 bpm, respiratory
rate 28/min, blood pressure 145/90 mmHg, and oxygen saturation 89%
on room air. Which of the following findings is most indicative of severe
sepsis in this patient?
A. Temperature of 38.9°C
B. Heart rate of 110 bpm
C. Respiratory rate of 28/min
D. Oxygen saturation of 89%
Answer: D. Oxygen saturation of 89%
Explanation: In severe sepsis, organ dysfunction is a key feature.
Hypoxemia with an oxygen saturation below 90% indicates respiratory
dysfunction. While fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea are signs of
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), they do not alone
define severe sepsis without evidence of organ hypoperfusion or
dysfunction.
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2. A patient with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis presents with
fatigue, shortness of breath, and pallor. Laboratory tests reveal
hemoglobin of 7.2 g/dL, hematocrit of 21%, and serum ferritin of 800
ng/mL. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's
anemia?
A. Iron deficiency
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Erythropoietin deficiency
D. Folate deficiency
Answer: C. Erythropoietin deficiency
Explanation: The kidneys produce erythropoietin, which stimulates red
blood cell production. In end-stage renal disease, erythropoietin
production is insufficient, leading to normocytic, normochromic anemia.
Elevated ferritin in this context often reflects inflammation or iron
sequestration, not iron deficiency.
3. A 55-year-old female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is started
on methotrexate. She is also taking folic acid supplementation. Which
of the following best explains the rationale for co-administering folic
acid with methotrexate?
A. To enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of methotrexate
B. To reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity
C. To prevent methotrexate-induced megaloblastic anemia
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D. To decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity
Answer: C. To prevent methotrexate-induced megaloblastic anemia
Explanation: Methotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, leading to
decreased folate availability and impaired DNA synthesis. Folic acid
supplementation helps replenish folate stores and reduces the incidence
of megaloblastic anemia and other adverse effects without significantly
compromising the drug's efficacy.
4. A patient is receiving digoxin for heart failure. Which electrolyte
imbalance would most predispose this patient to digoxin toxicity?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Explanation: Hypokalemia increases the binding of digoxin to the
sodium-potassium ATPase pump, enhancing its toxic effects, including
arrhythmias. Maintaining serum potassium within normal limits is
crucial to minimize the risk of digoxin toxicity.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with a chest tube following a
pneumothorax. The chest tube drainage system is noted to have
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continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. What is the most
appropriate initial nursing action?
A. Clamp the chest tube immediately
B. Increase the suction pressure
C. Assess the system for an air leak
D. Document the finding as normal
Answer: C. Assess the system for an air leak
Explanation: Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates
an air leak. The nurse should assess the system, including connections,
the chest tube insertion site, and the drainage unit, to identify the
source of the leak. Clamping the tube could lead to tension
pneumothorax and should only be done briefly with a physician's order.
6. A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is prescribed supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula.
Which of the following is the primary concern with oxygen therapy in
this patient?
A. Oxygen-induced hypercapnia
B. Oxygen toxicity
C. Absorption atelectasis
D. Nasal mucosal drying
Answer: A. Oxygen-induced hypercapnia
NSG 2610 Exam 1 2026-2027 BANK QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXAM QUESTIONS
WILL COME FROM HERE (100% Latest Already Graded
A+
1. A 72-year-old male patient is admitted with community-acquired
pneumonia. He has a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. His
vital signs are: temperature 38.9°C, heart rate 110 bpm, respiratory
rate 28/min, blood pressure 145/90 mmHg, and oxygen saturation 89%
on room air. Which of the following findings is most indicative of severe
sepsis in this patient?
A. Temperature of 38.9°C
B. Heart rate of 110 bpm
C. Respiratory rate of 28/min
D. Oxygen saturation of 89%
Answer: D. Oxygen saturation of 89%
Explanation: In severe sepsis, organ dysfunction is a key feature.
Hypoxemia with an oxygen saturation below 90% indicates respiratory
dysfunction. While fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea are signs of
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), they do not alone
define severe sepsis without evidence of organ hypoperfusion or
dysfunction.
,2|Page
2. A patient with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis presents with
fatigue, shortness of breath, and pallor. Laboratory tests reveal
hemoglobin of 7.2 g/dL, hematocrit of 21%, and serum ferritin of 800
ng/mL. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's
anemia?
A. Iron deficiency
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Erythropoietin deficiency
D. Folate deficiency
Answer: C. Erythropoietin deficiency
Explanation: The kidneys produce erythropoietin, which stimulates red
blood cell production. In end-stage renal disease, erythropoietin
production is insufficient, leading to normocytic, normochromic anemia.
Elevated ferritin in this context often reflects inflammation or iron
sequestration, not iron deficiency.
3. A 55-year-old female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is started
on methotrexate. She is also taking folic acid supplementation. Which
of the following best explains the rationale for co-administering folic
acid with methotrexate?
A. To enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of methotrexate
B. To reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity
C. To prevent methotrexate-induced megaloblastic anemia
,3|Page
D. To decrease the risk of nephrotoxicity
Answer: C. To prevent methotrexate-induced megaloblastic anemia
Explanation: Methotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, leading to
decreased folate availability and impaired DNA synthesis. Folic acid
supplementation helps replenish folate stores and reduces the incidence
of megaloblastic anemia and other adverse effects without significantly
compromising the drug's efficacy.
4. A patient is receiving digoxin for heart failure. Which electrolyte
imbalance would most predispose this patient to digoxin toxicity?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: B. Hypokalemia
Explanation: Hypokalemia increases the binding of digoxin to the
sodium-potassium ATPase pump, enhancing its toxic effects, including
arrhythmias. Maintaining serum potassium within normal limits is
crucial to minimize the risk of digoxin toxicity.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with a chest tube following a
pneumothorax. The chest tube drainage system is noted to have
, 4|Page
continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. What is the most
appropriate initial nursing action?
A. Clamp the chest tube immediately
B. Increase the suction pressure
C. Assess the system for an air leak
D. Document the finding as normal
Answer: C. Assess the system for an air leak
Explanation: Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates
an air leak. The nurse should assess the system, including connections,
the chest tube insertion site, and the drainage unit, to identify the
source of the leak. Clamping the tube could lead to tension
pneumothorax and should only be done briefly with a physician's order.
6. A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is prescribed supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula.
Which of the following is the primary concern with oxygen therapy in
this patient?
A. Oxygen-induced hypercapnia
B. Oxygen toxicity
C. Absorption atelectasis
D. Nasal mucosal drying
Answer: A. Oxygen-induced hypercapnia
