NURS 432 Final Exam Practice Test (2026) Pdf | A+
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1. A patient in the ICU presents with signs of jaundice and elevated liver enzymes.
Considering the context of MODS, what would be the most appropriate initial
management strategy for this patient?
Administer intravenous fluids and monitor vital signs
Initiate broad-spectrum antibiotics and assess for infection
Perform a liver biopsy to determine the cause of dysfunction
Start dialysis to manage renal failure
2. A patient presents with signs of organ dysfunction and abnormal bleeding. Laboratory tests
reveal widespread clotting activity. Based on this information, how would you assess the
likelihood of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in this patient?
Assess for signs of infection and inflammation only.
Evaluate the patient's clotting factors and platelet count.
Monitor the patient's blood pressure and heart rate exclusively.
Perform imaging studies to check for internal bleeding.
3. Which of the following is not included in the diagnosis for SIRS?
fever
tachycardia
tachypnea
leukocytes <4,000 or >12,000
hypovolemia
,4. Which condition is characterized by the presence of Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (ARDS) as a sign of respiratory failure?
Sepsis
Shock
MODS
Liver Failure
5. The primary goal in the management of a patient with SIRS includes:
Prompt identification of the cause of infection
Antibiotic therapy
Fluid replacement
Maintain nutritional status
6. A patient presents with symptoms of confusion, rapid breathing, and abdominal pain.
Laboratory tests reveal high blood glucose and elevated ketones. Based on the
pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), what immediate management strategy
should be prioritized?
Administer high doses of insulin to lower blood glucose levels.
Provide intravenous fluids to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
Initiate a high-carbohydrate diet to stabilize blood sugar levels.
Monitor the patient for signs of liver failure.
7. Explain how aggressive fluid resuscitation can impact the overall management
of a patient with gallbladder disease.
It helps to maintain electrolyte balance
, It reduces the need for surgical intervention
It prevents dehydration and supports hemodynamic stability
It increases the risk of infection
8. Explain how gallstones can lead to the development of acute pancreatitis.
Gallstones block the bile duct, causing bile to back up into the pancreas.
Gallstones directly damage pancreatic tissue, leading to inflammation.
Gallstones increase the production of pancreatic enzymes, overwhelming the pancreas.
Gallstones have no effect on the pancreas and do not contribute to pancreatitis.
9. For diagnosing intestinal obstruction what imaging is commonly used?
x-ray
MRI
CT
angiography
10. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is defined by the presence of two or
more criteria. Which of the following criteria are used to diagnose SIRS?
Body temperature above 39°C, tachycardia (HR >100), and elevated blood pressure
Body temperature below 35°C, bradycardia (HR <60), and leukocytosis
, Body temperature above 38°C or below 36°C, tachypnea, tachycardia (HR
>90), and leukocytosis or leukopenia
Body temperature within the normal range, normal heart rate, and normal respiratory
rate
11. Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for SIRS?
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia
Fever or hypothermia
Leukopenia
12. What are common signs and symptoms of cholecystitis?
Joint pain and muscle stiffness.
Abdominal pain, particularly in the upper right side, nausea, vomiting, fever,
and tenderness over the gallbladder.
Swelling of the ankles and feet.
Acid reflux and heartburn.
13. Explain how Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) relates to the
progression of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS).
ARDS is a primary condition that causes MODS.
ARDS is a complication that can arise in the context of MODS.
MODS prevents the development of ARDS.
MODS and ARDS are unrelated conditions.
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1. A patient in the ICU presents with signs of jaundice and elevated liver enzymes.
Considering the context of MODS, what would be the most appropriate initial
management strategy for this patient?
Administer intravenous fluids and monitor vital signs
Initiate broad-spectrum antibiotics and assess for infection
Perform a liver biopsy to determine the cause of dysfunction
Start dialysis to manage renal failure
2. A patient presents with signs of organ dysfunction and abnormal bleeding. Laboratory tests
reveal widespread clotting activity. Based on this information, how would you assess the
likelihood of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in this patient?
Assess for signs of infection and inflammation only.
Evaluate the patient's clotting factors and platelet count.
Monitor the patient's blood pressure and heart rate exclusively.
Perform imaging studies to check for internal bleeding.
3. Which of the following is not included in the diagnosis for SIRS?
fever
tachycardia
tachypnea
leukocytes <4,000 or >12,000
hypovolemia
,4. Which condition is characterized by the presence of Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome (ARDS) as a sign of respiratory failure?
Sepsis
Shock
MODS
Liver Failure
5. The primary goal in the management of a patient with SIRS includes:
Prompt identification of the cause of infection
Antibiotic therapy
Fluid replacement
Maintain nutritional status
6. A patient presents with symptoms of confusion, rapid breathing, and abdominal pain.
Laboratory tests reveal high blood glucose and elevated ketones. Based on the
pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), what immediate management strategy
should be prioritized?
Administer high doses of insulin to lower blood glucose levels.
Provide intravenous fluids to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
Initiate a high-carbohydrate diet to stabilize blood sugar levels.
Monitor the patient for signs of liver failure.
7. Explain how aggressive fluid resuscitation can impact the overall management
of a patient with gallbladder disease.
It helps to maintain electrolyte balance
, It reduces the need for surgical intervention
It prevents dehydration and supports hemodynamic stability
It increases the risk of infection
8. Explain how gallstones can lead to the development of acute pancreatitis.
Gallstones block the bile duct, causing bile to back up into the pancreas.
Gallstones directly damage pancreatic tissue, leading to inflammation.
Gallstones increase the production of pancreatic enzymes, overwhelming the pancreas.
Gallstones have no effect on the pancreas and do not contribute to pancreatitis.
9. For diagnosing intestinal obstruction what imaging is commonly used?
x-ray
MRI
CT
angiography
10. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is defined by the presence of two or
more criteria. Which of the following criteria are used to diagnose SIRS?
Body temperature above 39°C, tachycardia (HR >100), and elevated blood pressure
Body temperature below 35°C, bradycardia (HR <60), and leukocytosis
, Body temperature above 38°C or below 36°C, tachypnea, tachycardia (HR
>90), and leukocytosis or leukopenia
Body temperature within the normal range, normal heart rate, and normal respiratory
rate
11. Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for SIRS?
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia
Fever or hypothermia
Leukopenia
12. What are common signs and symptoms of cholecystitis?
Joint pain and muscle stiffness.
Abdominal pain, particularly in the upper right side, nausea, vomiting, fever,
and tenderness over the gallbladder.
Swelling of the ankles and feet.
Acid reflux and heartburn.
13. Explain how Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) relates to the
progression of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS).
ARDS is a primary condition that causes MODS.
ARDS is a complication that can arise in the context of MODS.
MODS prevents the development of ARDS.
MODS and ARDS are unrelated conditions.
