1808NRS- Anatomy and physiology 2-
Questions with Solved Solutions 2026
Updated.
What is the function of the serious fluid found between the parietal and visceral pericardium?
a. Increase osmotic pressure
b. Limit friction
c. Take up space
d. Reduce blood pressure - Answer Limit friction
TRUE OR FALSE: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood?
a. True
b. False - Answer False
When describing the order of blood flow throughout the heart, what valve does blood pass
through when it is moving from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries?
a. Tricuspid valve
b. Mitral valve
c. Pulmonary semilunar valve
d. Aortic semilunar valve - Answer Pulmonary semilunar valve
The apex of the heart is located approximately:
a. Around the 2nd rib
b. The 5th intercostal space
c. Behind the 5th rib
d. Left to the sternum - Answer The 5th intercostal space
Most of the cardiac muscle is found in the:
a. Endocardium
b. Myocardium
,c. Epicardium
d. Pericardium - Answer Myocardium
While the left ventricle is emptying, which valves is closed, and which valve is open?
a. Pulmonary semilunar closed; Tricuspid open
b. Aortic semilunar closed; Mitral open
c. Mitral closed; Aortic semilunar open
d. Mitral closed; Tricuspid opening - Answer Mitral closed; Aortic semilunar open
The first heart sound "LUB" is commonly termed S1. What does it represent?
a. Closure of tricuspid valves
b. Closure of tricuspid & bicuspid valves
c. Closure of aortic & pulmonary valves
d. Closure of pulmonary semilunar valves - Answer Closure of tricuspid & bicuspid valves
What area of the heart is responsible for the delay of conduction between the atrium &
ventricle?
a. Bundle of His
b. Purkinje fibers
c. Atrioventricular node
d. R & L bundles - Answer Atrioventricular node
The ____________ is located in the interatrial septum
a. AV node
b. SA node
c. Bundle of HIS
d. Purkinje fibres - Answer AV node
Voltage gated K+ (potassium) channels initially open, and K+ moves out of cardiac muscles cells
during:
, a. Depolarisation
b. Plateau
c. Repolarisation
d. RMB - Answer Plateau
What does the P wave on an ECG represent?
a. Ventricular repolarisation
b. Ventricle depolarisation
c. Atrial repolarisation
d. Atrial depolarisation - Answer Atrial depolarisation
The S-T segment represents completion of:
a. Atrial depolarisation
b. Ventricular depolarisation
c. Ventricular repolarisation
d. Atrial repolarisation occurs - Answer Ventricular depolarisation
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?
a. CO = BP x SV
b. CO = HR x SV
c. CO = BP/MAP
d. CO = SV/MAP - Answer CO = HR x SV
_________________ is the degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle cells before contraction?
a. Preload
b. Contractility
c. Afterload
d. End systolic volume - Answer Preload
Angiotensinogen is produced in the _____________?
Questions with Solved Solutions 2026
Updated.
What is the function of the serious fluid found between the parietal and visceral pericardium?
a. Increase osmotic pressure
b. Limit friction
c. Take up space
d. Reduce blood pressure - Answer Limit friction
TRUE OR FALSE: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood?
a. True
b. False - Answer False
When describing the order of blood flow throughout the heart, what valve does blood pass
through when it is moving from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries?
a. Tricuspid valve
b. Mitral valve
c. Pulmonary semilunar valve
d. Aortic semilunar valve - Answer Pulmonary semilunar valve
The apex of the heart is located approximately:
a. Around the 2nd rib
b. The 5th intercostal space
c. Behind the 5th rib
d. Left to the sternum - Answer The 5th intercostal space
Most of the cardiac muscle is found in the:
a. Endocardium
b. Myocardium
,c. Epicardium
d. Pericardium - Answer Myocardium
While the left ventricle is emptying, which valves is closed, and which valve is open?
a. Pulmonary semilunar closed; Tricuspid open
b. Aortic semilunar closed; Mitral open
c. Mitral closed; Aortic semilunar open
d. Mitral closed; Tricuspid opening - Answer Mitral closed; Aortic semilunar open
The first heart sound "LUB" is commonly termed S1. What does it represent?
a. Closure of tricuspid valves
b. Closure of tricuspid & bicuspid valves
c. Closure of aortic & pulmonary valves
d. Closure of pulmonary semilunar valves - Answer Closure of tricuspid & bicuspid valves
What area of the heart is responsible for the delay of conduction between the atrium &
ventricle?
a. Bundle of His
b. Purkinje fibers
c. Atrioventricular node
d. R & L bundles - Answer Atrioventricular node
The ____________ is located in the interatrial septum
a. AV node
b. SA node
c. Bundle of HIS
d. Purkinje fibres - Answer AV node
Voltage gated K+ (potassium) channels initially open, and K+ moves out of cardiac muscles cells
during:
, a. Depolarisation
b. Plateau
c. Repolarisation
d. RMB - Answer Plateau
What does the P wave on an ECG represent?
a. Ventricular repolarisation
b. Ventricle depolarisation
c. Atrial repolarisation
d. Atrial depolarisation - Answer Atrial depolarisation
The S-T segment represents completion of:
a. Atrial depolarisation
b. Ventricular depolarisation
c. Ventricular repolarisation
d. Atrial repolarisation occurs - Answer Ventricular depolarisation
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?
a. CO = BP x SV
b. CO = HR x SV
c. CO = BP/MAP
d. CO = SV/MAP - Answer CO = HR x SV
_________________ is the degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle cells before contraction?
a. Preload
b. Contractility
c. Afterload
d. End systolic volume - Answer Preload
Angiotensinogen is produced in the _____________?
