PSY 102 Exam 2: 2026/2027 LATEST QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
memory -✓✓ the process by which we encode, store, and retrieve information
• Paradox of memory -✓✓ our memories are good in some situations and poor in others
• Memory illusion -✓✓ false but subjectively compelling memory
• observer memory -✓✓ a memory in which we see ourselves as an outside observer
would
* type of reconstructive memory
-Asians use this more
• field memory -✓✓ First person perspective
*type of reconstructive memory
- European Americans use this more
• sensory memory -✓✓ the initial, momentary storage of information, lasts only a minute
tops
-info that comes through any of your senses
-span: 1-4 prices of info
-Duration: one minute
• short-term memory -✓✓ Hold info for 15-25 sec and stores it according to its meaning
rather than as mere sensory stimulation
- requires a lot a brain power
-related to working memory
Span: 5-9 pieces of info
Duration: 15-25sec
Decay or interference
• Rehearsal -✓✓ Repeating information and short term memory extends duration of it
2 types
• maintenance rehearsal -✓✓ Repeating the stimulus in the same form
Ex. repeating a phone number and do you get a chance to write it down
• decay -✓✓ Fades of time
-Short term mem.
• Interference -✓✓ A loss of information due to competition of new incoming information
-short term mem.
-most common way to lose mem.
, Two types: retroactive and proactive
• retroactive interference -✓✓ Happens when learning new information hampers earlier
learning
Ex. Learning two foreign languages
• proactive interference -✓✓ Happens when earlier learning gets in the way of new
learning
Ex. Knowing how to play baseball interferes with learning how to play tennis or golf.
• Elaborate rehearsal -✓✓ Link stimulus to each other in a meaningful way
• Depth -✓✓ The more deeply we process information the better tend to remember it
-three levels: visual, phonological(sound), semantic(meaning)
**Visual-most shallow
**phonological- medium
**semantic- deepest
• long-term memory -✓✓ Info stored on a relatively permanent basis but may be difficult
to retrieve
-facts and experiences
Span: virtually unlimited
Duration: decades to lifetime
• primacy effect -✓✓ remembering stimuli that were presented first
-Long term mem
• recency effect -✓✓ remembering stimuli that were presented most recently
- Short term mem
• explicit memory -✓✓ In the process of recalling information intentionally
Type of long term mem.
*** Ex. George Washington is the first President of the United States
-semantic memory: knowledge of facts
Episodic memory: events on our lives
• semantic memory -✓✓ knowledge of facts
Type of explicit memory
• Episodic memory -✓✓ events on our lives
-type of explicit memory
• implicit memory -✓✓ Recalling information that we don't do deliberately
Ex. Classical conditioning and habituation
** riding a bike
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
memory -✓✓ the process by which we encode, store, and retrieve information
• Paradox of memory -✓✓ our memories are good in some situations and poor in others
• Memory illusion -✓✓ false but subjectively compelling memory
• observer memory -✓✓ a memory in which we see ourselves as an outside observer
would
* type of reconstructive memory
-Asians use this more
• field memory -✓✓ First person perspective
*type of reconstructive memory
- European Americans use this more
• sensory memory -✓✓ the initial, momentary storage of information, lasts only a minute
tops
-info that comes through any of your senses
-span: 1-4 prices of info
-Duration: one minute
• short-term memory -✓✓ Hold info for 15-25 sec and stores it according to its meaning
rather than as mere sensory stimulation
- requires a lot a brain power
-related to working memory
Span: 5-9 pieces of info
Duration: 15-25sec
Decay or interference
• Rehearsal -✓✓ Repeating information and short term memory extends duration of it
2 types
• maintenance rehearsal -✓✓ Repeating the stimulus in the same form
Ex. repeating a phone number and do you get a chance to write it down
• decay -✓✓ Fades of time
-Short term mem.
• Interference -✓✓ A loss of information due to competition of new incoming information
-short term mem.
-most common way to lose mem.
, Two types: retroactive and proactive
• retroactive interference -✓✓ Happens when learning new information hampers earlier
learning
Ex. Learning two foreign languages
• proactive interference -✓✓ Happens when earlier learning gets in the way of new
learning
Ex. Knowing how to play baseball interferes with learning how to play tennis or golf.
• Elaborate rehearsal -✓✓ Link stimulus to each other in a meaningful way
• Depth -✓✓ The more deeply we process information the better tend to remember it
-three levels: visual, phonological(sound), semantic(meaning)
**Visual-most shallow
**phonological- medium
**semantic- deepest
• long-term memory -✓✓ Info stored on a relatively permanent basis but may be difficult
to retrieve
-facts and experiences
Span: virtually unlimited
Duration: decades to lifetime
• primacy effect -✓✓ remembering stimuli that were presented first
-Long term mem
• recency effect -✓✓ remembering stimuli that were presented most recently
- Short term mem
• explicit memory -✓✓ In the process of recalling information intentionally
Type of long term mem.
*** Ex. George Washington is the first President of the United States
-semantic memory: knowledge of facts
Episodic memory: events on our lives
• semantic memory -✓✓ knowledge of facts
Type of explicit memory
• Episodic memory -✓✓ events on our lives
-type of explicit memory
• implicit memory -✓✓ Recalling information that we don't do deliberately
Ex. Classical conditioning and habituation
** riding a bike
