USMLE STEP 1 FIRST AID RAPID REVIEW - CLASSIC/RELEVANT
TREATMENTS UPDATED STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Absence seizures Ethosuximide
Ethosuximide MOA Blocks T-Type Calcium channels
Acute gout attack NSAIDs, colchicine
Colchicine MOA Binds to microtubules; hyperstabilizes
used to prevent or treat gout attacks (flares).
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) All-trans retinoic acid
ADHD Methylphenidate, amphetamines (DA reuptake (-)'r. MAOI. Parkinson's txt)
Stimulant MOA Increases catecholamines (NE and Dopa) in the synaptic cleft
Alcohol use disorder AA + disulfram, naltrexone (reduces cravings), or acamprosate for patient. Al-
Anon for patient's family
Disulfuram MOA Inhibits Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
Naltrexone MOA Blocks the mu-opioid receptor (Blocks the rewarding and reinforcing effects of
EtOH)
Alcohol withdrawal Benzodiazepines
Benzo MOA Increases frequency of Cl channel opening, increases GABA
Anorexia Nutrition, psychotherapy
Anticoagulation during pregnancy Heparin
Heparin MOA Blocks 10a and 2a
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue Class IB antiarrythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
Class IB antiarrythmic MOA Na channel blocker
B12 deficiency Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause w/ Schilling test)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia Tamulosin, finasteride
, Tamsulosin MOA A1 antagonist (inhibits smooth mm contraction-specific for A1 a,d receptors)
improve urination in men with an enlarged prostate
Finasteride MOA Inhibits 5a reductase
Bipolar disorder Lithium, valproate, carbamzepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)
Lithium MOA and side effects MOA unknown
SE: LMNOP
Movement (Tremors)
Nephrogenic DI
hypOtension
Pregnancy/Pump (Ebstein's anomaly: Mitral regurgitation, structural damage,
RV hypotrophy, cardiac defect)
Carbamazapine MOA Inactivates Na channels
(FA 496)
DOC trigeminal neuralgia. Txt lennox gestaut seizures in kids
Valproic Acid MOA Inactivates Na channels and increases GABA
(FA 496)
Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
Buerger disease Smoking cessation
Buliminia nervosa SSRIs
- xentine
-Lopram
Candida albicans Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush), azoles (vaginitis)
Azole MOA Inhibits ergosterol synthesis (Inhibits Lanosterol-->Ergosterol)
Inhibits p450
Carcinoid syndrome Octreotide
Octreotide MOA SST analog
Chlamydia trachomatis Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops
(prophylaxis in infants)
Chronic gout Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)< febuxostat
Probenecid MOA Inhibits reabsorption of uric acid in PCT
(gout med)
TREATMENTS UPDATED STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Absence seizures Ethosuximide
Ethosuximide MOA Blocks T-Type Calcium channels
Acute gout attack NSAIDs, colchicine
Colchicine MOA Binds to microtubules; hyperstabilizes
used to prevent or treat gout attacks (flares).
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) All-trans retinoic acid
ADHD Methylphenidate, amphetamines (DA reuptake (-)'r. MAOI. Parkinson's txt)
Stimulant MOA Increases catecholamines (NE and Dopa) in the synaptic cleft
Alcohol use disorder AA + disulfram, naltrexone (reduces cravings), or acamprosate for patient. Al-
Anon for patient's family
Disulfuram MOA Inhibits Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
Naltrexone MOA Blocks the mu-opioid receptor (Blocks the rewarding and reinforcing effects of
EtOH)
Alcohol withdrawal Benzodiazepines
Benzo MOA Increases frequency of Cl channel opening, increases GABA
Anorexia Nutrition, psychotherapy
Anticoagulation during pregnancy Heparin
Heparin MOA Blocks 10a and 2a
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue Class IB antiarrythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
Class IB antiarrythmic MOA Na channel blocker
B12 deficiency Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause w/ Schilling test)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia Tamulosin, finasteride
, Tamsulosin MOA A1 antagonist (inhibits smooth mm contraction-specific for A1 a,d receptors)
improve urination in men with an enlarged prostate
Finasteride MOA Inhibits 5a reductase
Bipolar disorder Lithium, valproate, carbamzepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)
Lithium MOA and side effects MOA unknown
SE: LMNOP
Movement (Tremors)
Nephrogenic DI
hypOtension
Pregnancy/Pump (Ebstein's anomaly: Mitral regurgitation, structural damage,
RV hypotrophy, cardiac defect)
Carbamazapine MOA Inactivates Na channels
(FA 496)
DOC trigeminal neuralgia. Txt lennox gestaut seizures in kids
Valproic Acid MOA Inactivates Na channels and increases GABA
(FA 496)
Breast cancer in postmenopausal woman Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
Buerger disease Smoking cessation
Buliminia nervosa SSRIs
- xentine
-Lopram
Candida albicans Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush), azoles (vaginitis)
Azole MOA Inhibits ergosterol synthesis (Inhibits Lanosterol-->Ergosterol)
Inhibits p450
Carcinoid syndrome Octreotide
Octreotide MOA SST analog
Chlamydia trachomatis Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops
(prophylaxis in infants)
Chronic gout Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)< febuxostat
Probenecid MOA Inhibits reabsorption of uric acid in PCT
(gout med)
