Pathophysiology the biologic basis for
disease in adults and children chapter 2
with questions and well verified answers
actual exam!!! 2026
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system - ANSWER -a hormone cascade pathway that
helps regulate blood pressure and blood volume. Renal artery>smallery artery>
Glomerulous>efferent arterioles> peritubular capillaries (loop of henry)
Juxtaglomerular cells signal when blood pressure or volume needs increase
Baroreceptors - ANSWER -detect changes in blood pressure- when blood pressure is
increased- baroreceptors inhibit renin release, when BP is decreased, baroreceptors stimulate
renin release
Juxtaglomerular cells have mechanoreceptors connected to aortic arch and carotid sinus that
measure BP
Blood pressure and kidneys - ANSWER -increased BP=increased GFR= increased fluid
and dissolved Na+ & Cl-
decreased BP= decreased GFR=decreased fluid and dissolved Na+ & Cl-= juxtaglomerular cells
to stimulate renin release
Renin - ANSWER -An enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells when blood pressure
decreases. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensin 1 floats through
capillaries to endothelial cells in resp system and a big chunk is cleaved off leaving angiotensin
2. Angiotensin 2 contracts blood vessels.
disease in adults and children chapter 2
with questions and well verified answers
actual exam!!! 2026
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system - ANSWER -a hormone cascade pathway that
helps regulate blood pressure and blood volume. Renal artery>smallery artery>
Glomerulous>efferent arterioles> peritubular capillaries (loop of henry)
Juxtaglomerular cells signal when blood pressure or volume needs increase
Baroreceptors - ANSWER -detect changes in blood pressure- when blood pressure is
increased- baroreceptors inhibit renin release, when BP is decreased, baroreceptors stimulate
renin release
Juxtaglomerular cells have mechanoreceptors connected to aortic arch and carotid sinus that
measure BP
Blood pressure and kidneys - ANSWER -increased BP=increased GFR= increased fluid
and dissolved Na+ & Cl-
decreased BP= decreased GFR=decreased fluid and dissolved Na+ & Cl-= juxtaglomerular cells
to stimulate renin release
Renin - ANSWER -An enzyme secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells when blood pressure
decreases. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensin 1 floats through
capillaries to endothelial cells in resp system and a big chunk is cleaved off leaving angiotensin
2. Angiotensin 2 contracts blood vessels.
