CMN 232 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Bailey (African Americans and Asian American Small Talk) - Answers - Micro: Big
difference in how they wanted to talk
- more business vs very personal
Symmetry vs Asymmetry:
SYM: minority & minority
ASY: Customer vs service person
American native vs immigrant
Native Speaker vs non native speaker (dom vs non-dom)
RESPECT: commonality
Both want to respect each other, but CMN respect is different
Koreans:
-Dont impose on people to have a conversation
-Dont dig into personal lives
African Americans:
-Are friendly and have conversations
-Learn names, want to get to know them
Results: African Americans think Asians are being racist, Koreans think African
Americans are disrespectful
History of black experience in America
-sociohistorical- relying on past interactions
Micro: between two people
Macro: history of racism between African Americans and Asian Americans
- Micro social interactions can help or worsen macro social interactions
Agar (notions of variation to understand language, identity, and culture) - Answers - -
People use language to both infer others identities and perform their own
-Talk is multifunctional- in the same conversation it can convey propositional
information, perform actions, perform identities
-Language is a performance of identity
Langucultre
, Goffman (Identity Negotiations) - Answers - -Identity as socially emergent
-Identity is a process (where I am, who I'm with, determine who I am at that point)
We interpret what we see other people reacting to and decide then as to who we are
-Even if a person thinks their identity is something they hold really close to themselves,
other people determine
it is only on loan from society
The people we associate with (society), tells us who we are, and any idea that we have
of ourselves is on loan to use from the people around us
How we define ourselves and how others define us is NOT an independent process
-how we view ourselves is influenced to a great degree by how others view us
-You had to learn how to be a college student, it was socially done. Process-- depends
on where you're at and what is happening around you
Wolfram and Schilling-Estes: - Answers - Style shifting: changing dialect and register
(formality), depending on who you're talking to will change what kind of slang/speaking
form you use
-everyone does style shifting
We can group together a bunch of speaking styles and use them strategically
-lots of bundles of speaking and use them at any moment
even if we speaking "one language" we are not monolingual bc we know we have to,
and do, speak differently to certain people
Identity: if we speak differently to different groups of people, if we rec people of different
identities we would change the way we talk to match them.
internally: if we have all of these diff ways of speaking at different times to people, then
we have diff identities
- Dialects/Style
- Variation in the speech of individual speakers, or language style
- less formal to more formal speech
- pronunciation of the -ing ending as 'in, double negatives
- Shifting; from one dialect into another.
- Ex) African American may shift into Anglo-sounding speech
- shift from one clearly
recognized speech register to another.
- Ex) Babytalk by mothers
ANSWERS
Bailey (African Americans and Asian American Small Talk) - Answers - Micro: Big
difference in how they wanted to talk
- more business vs very personal
Symmetry vs Asymmetry:
SYM: minority & minority
ASY: Customer vs service person
American native vs immigrant
Native Speaker vs non native speaker (dom vs non-dom)
RESPECT: commonality
Both want to respect each other, but CMN respect is different
Koreans:
-Dont impose on people to have a conversation
-Dont dig into personal lives
African Americans:
-Are friendly and have conversations
-Learn names, want to get to know them
Results: African Americans think Asians are being racist, Koreans think African
Americans are disrespectful
History of black experience in America
-sociohistorical- relying on past interactions
Micro: between two people
Macro: history of racism between African Americans and Asian Americans
- Micro social interactions can help or worsen macro social interactions
Agar (notions of variation to understand language, identity, and culture) - Answers - -
People use language to both infer others identities and perform their own
-Talk is multifunctional- in the same conversation it can convey propositional
information, perform actions, perform identities
-Language is a performance of identity
Langucultre
, Goffman (Identity Negotiations) - Answers - -Identity as socially emergent
-Identity is a process (where I am, who I'm with, determine who I am at that point)
We interpret what we see other people reacting to and decide then as to who we are
-Even if a person thinks their identity is something they hold really close to themselves,
other people determine
it is only on loan from society
The people we associate with (society), tells us who we are, and any idea that we have
of ourselves is on loan to use from the people around us
How we define ourselves and how others define us is NOT an independent process
-how we view ourselves is influenced to a great degree by how others view us
-You had to learn how to be a college student, it was socially done. Process-- depends
on where you're at and what is happening around you
Wolfram and Schilling-Estes: - Answers - Style shifting: changing dialect and register
(formality), depending on who you're talking to will change what kind of slang/speaking
form you use
-everyone does style shifting
We can group together a bunch of speaking styles and use them strategically
-lots of bundles of speaking and use them at any moment
even if we speaking "one language" we are not monolingual bc we know we have to,
and do, speak differently to certain people
Identity: if we speak differently to different groups of people, if we rec people of different
identities we would change the way we talk to match them.
internally: if we have all of these diff ways of speaking at different times to people, then
we have diff identities
- Dialects/Style
- Variation in the speech of individual speakers, or language style
- less formal to more formal speech
- pronunciation of the -ing ending as 'in, double negatives
- Shifting; from one dialect into another.
- Ex) African American may shift into Anglo-sounding speech
- shift from one clearly
recognized speech register to another.
- Ex) Babytalk by mothers
