NRG 200 Pharmacology for Human Caring Nursing
Exam 3 | Verified Questions and Correct Answers plus
Rationale | New Update 2026/27 | Graded A+
A nurse is instructing a patient on how to self-administer a fleets enema pre-op.
What is important for the nurse to discuss?
A. Insert the applicator 4 inches into the rectum beyond the internal sphincter
B. Retain the enema solution for up to 30 minutes to promote evacuation
C. Lay on your right side for best results
D. Warm in the microwave for 1 minute to decrease cramping
Correct Answer: B. Retain the enema solution for up to 30 minutes to promote
evacuation
Rationale: Retaining the enema solution for the recommended time (usually 5-
10 minutes, but up to 30 minutes may be appropriate) allows for optimal stool
softening and evacuation. Option A is incorrect because the applicator should be
inserted only 2 inches into the rectum, not 4. Option C is incorrect because the
patient should lay on the left side (Sims' position) for best results. Option D is
incorrect because microwaving is unsafe; the solution should be warmed under
running water if needed.
A patient reports a recent problem with constipation. What should the nurse
instruct the patient to do to minimize the problem?
A. Drink 1 liter of fluid per day
B. Decrease your daily physical activity
,C. Hold your breath & push to have a bowel movement
D. Try to have a bowel movement after drinking a warm liquid in the morning
Correct Answer: D. Try to have a bowel movement after drinking a warm liquid
in the morning
Rationale: Drinking a warm liquid in the morning can stimulate the gastrocolic
reflex and promote defecation. Option A is incorrect because the patient should
drink 2-3 L of fluid per day. Option B is incorrect because physical activity should
be increased, not decreased. Option C is incorrect because holding the breath and
pushing (Valsalva maneuver) can cause a vasovagal response and is unsafe.
A nurse is caring for a client who had an ileostomy placed 6 hours ago. Which
action is the most important?
A. Assess the color of the stoma
B. Irrigate the colostomy
C. Empty the appliance when it is full
D. Clean the peristomal skin with normal saline
Correct Answer: A. Assess the color of the stoma
Rationale: A newly placed stoma should be assessed frequently for color; a
beefy, red color indicates adequate blood supply. Option B is incorrect because
only a sigmoid or descending colostomy can be irrigated. Option C is incorrect
because the appliance should be emptied when it is half full, not completely full.
Option D is incorrect because the appliance is typically changed every 5 days or
per hospital policy, and the stoma was placed only 6 hours ago.
, A nurse identifies that a client may have a fecal impaction. Which clinical
manifestation is most specific to this problem?
A. Lack of bowel movement for 24 hours
B. Slight distention of the lower abdomen
C. Infrequent desire to defecate
D. Passage of a small amount of liquid stool
Correct Answer: D. Passage of a small amount of liquid stool
Rationale: Passage of liquid stool around a fecal impaction (encopresis) is a
hallmark sign. Option A is incorrect because lack of a BM for over 24 hours is not
specific to impaction. Option B is incorrect because major distention, not slight, is
more common. Option C is incorrect because patients often have a frequent
desire to defecate with an impaction.
Which nursing interventions are associated with caring for a client experiencing
constipation? Select all that apply.
A. Ambulate the client TID
B. Encourage the intake of prunes
C. Respond to the urge to defecate
D. Encourage pain control with narcotics
Correct Answer: A, B, C (Ambulate the client TID, Encourage the intake of
prunes, Respond to the urge to defecate)
Exam 3 | Verified Questions and Correct Answers plus
Rationale | New Update 2026/27 | Graded A+
A nurse is instructing a patient on how to self-administer a fleets enema pre-op.
What is important for the nurse to discuss?
A. Insert the applicator 4 inches into the rectum beyond the internal sphincter
B. Retain the enema solution for up to 30 minutes to promote evacuation
C. Lay on your right side for best results
D. Warm in the microwave for 1 minute to decrease cramping
Correct Answer: B. Retain the enema solution for up to 30 minutes to promote
evacuation
Rationale: Retaining the enema solution for the recommended time (usually 5-
10 minutes, but up to 30 minutes may be appropriate) allows for optimal stool
softening and evacuation. Option A is incorrect because the applicator should be
inserted only 2 inches into the rectum, not 4. Option C is incorrect because the
patient should lay on the left side (Sims' position) for best results. Option D is
incorrect because microwaving is unsafe; the solution should be warmed under
running water if needed.
A patient reports a recent problem with constipation. What should the nurse
instruct the patient to do to minimize the problem?
A. Drink 1 liter of fluid per day
B. Decrease your daily physical activity
,C. Hold your breath & push to have a bowel movement
D. Try to have a bowel movement after drinking a warm liquid in the morning
Correct Answer: D. Try to have a bowel movement after drinking a warm liquid
in the morning
Rationale: Drinking a warm liquid in the morning can stimulate the gastrocolic
reflex and promote defecation. Option A is incorrect because the patient should
drink 2-3 L of fluid per day. Option B is incorrect because physical activity should
be increased, not decreased. Option C is incorrect because holding the breath and
pushing (Valsalva maneuver) can cause a vasovagal response and is unsafe.
A nurse is caring for a client who had an ileostomy placed 6 hours ago. Which
action is the most important?
A. Assess the color of the stoma
B. Irrigate the colostomy
C. Empty the appliance when it is full
D. Clean the peristomal skin with normal saline
Correct Answer: A. Assess the color of the stoma
Rationale: A newly placed stoma should be assessed frequently for color; a
beefy, red color indicates adequate blood supply. Option B is incorrect because
only a sigmoid or descending colostomy can be irrigated. Option C is incorrect
because the appliance should be emptied when it is half full, not completely full.
Option D is incorrect because the appliance is typically changed every 5 days or
per hospital policy, and the stoma was placed only 6 hours ago.
, A nurse identifies that a client may have a fecal impaction. Which clinical
manifestation is most specific to this problem?
A. Lack of bowel movement for 24 hours
B. Slight distention of the lower abdomen
C. Infrequent desire to defecate
D. Passage of a small amount of liquid stool
Correct Answer: D. Passage of a small amount of liquid stool
Rationale: Passage of liquid stool around a fecal impaction (encopresis) is a
hallmark sign. Option A is incorrect because lack of a BM for over 24 hours is not
specific to impaction. Option B is incorrect because major distention, not slight, is
more common. Option C is incorrect because patients often have a frequent
desire to defecate with an impaction.
Which nursing interventions are associated with caring for a client experiencing
constipation? Select all that apply.
A. Ambulate the client TID
B. Encourage the intake of prunes
C. Respond to the urge to defecate
D. Encourage pain control with narcotics
Correct Answer: A, B, C (Ambulate the client TID, Encourage the intake of
prunes, Respond to the urge to defecate)
