Exam Questions with Answers and
Detailed Rationales
1.
A patient's medication dosage is increased from 80 mg to 116
mg. What is the percent increase?
A. 36%
B. 40%
C. 45%
D. 55%
Rationale: The increase is 116 − 80 = 36 mg. The percent
increase is (36 ÷ 80) × 100 = 45%.
2.
A student answers 42 of 50 questions correctly on a
mathematics assessment. What fraction represents the
number of incorrect answers in simplest form?
A. 4/25
B. 1/5
C. 4/25
D. 8/50
,Rationale: The student missed 50 − 42 = 8 questions. The
fraction is 8/50, which simplifies by dividing by 2 to 4/25.
3.
A recipe requires 2 3/4 cups of flour for 12 servings. How
many cups are required for 30 servings?
A. 5 1/2 cups
B. 6 1/4 cups
C. 6 7/8 cups
D. 7 1/4 cups
Rationale: The scale factor is 30 ÷ 12 = 2.5. Multiply 2 3/4 ×
2.5 = 11/4 × 5/2 = 55/8 = 6 7/8 cups.
4.
Evaluate:
3 5 7
+ −
4 6 12
A. 5/6
B. 1
C. 13/12
D. 7/6
Rationale: Using a common denominator of 12 gives 9/12 +
10/12 − 7/12 = 12/12 = 1.
,5.
A jacket originally costs £84 and is discounted by 25%. A sales
tax of 8% is then applied to the discounted price. What is the
final cost?
A. £63.00
B. £66.78
C. £68.04
D. £70.56
Rationale: The discounted price is £84 × 0.75 = £63. The tax is
£63 × 0.08 = £5.04. Therefore, the final cost is £68.04.
6.
Solve for 𝑥:
4(2𝑥 − 3) − 5 = 3𝑥 + 16
A. 7
B. 8
C. 11
D. 13
Rationale: Distribute to obtain 8x − 12 − 5 = 3x + 16. Thus 8x −
17 = 3x + 16, so 5x = 33 and x = 6.6. Therefore none of the
listed answers match; the correct value is 6.6.
7.
Which expression is equivalent to:
, (3𝑥 2 𝑦 3 )(−4𝑥𝑦 2 )
A. −12x²y⁵
B. −12x³y⁵
C. 12x³y⁶
D. −7x³y⁵
Rationale: Multiply coefficients: 3 × −4 = −12. Add exponents
of like bases: x² × x = x³ and y³ × y² = y⁵.
8.
A rectangular garden has a length that is 5 metres greater
than its width. Its area is 84 square metres. What is the
width?
A. 6 m
B. 7 m
C. 8 m
D. 12 m
Rationale: Let the width be x. Then x(x + 5) = 84, giving x² + 5x
− 84 = 0. Factoring gives (x + 12)(x − 7) = 0, so the positive
solution is 7 m.
9.
A car travels 252 miles using 9 gallons of fuel. At the same
rate, how many miles can it travel using 14 gallons?