RNC MNN EXAM 2026 UPDATE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
talipes equinovarus - ANS-congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the
foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot
Barlow test - ANS-Test for a hip that is dislocatable but not dislocated in infants.
With infant supine and hip and knees flexed, push posteriorly in line with the
shaft of femur. An unstable femoral head will dislocate posteriorly from
acetabulum.
Ortolani test - ANS-To detect hip dislocation or subluxation; Slowly abduct the
thigh while maintaining axial pressure; With fingertips on the greater trochanter,
exert a lever movement in the opposite direction so that your fingertips press the
head of the femur back toward the acetabulum center. If the head of the femur
slips back into the acetabulum with a palpable clunk when pressure is exerted,
suspect hip subluxation or dislocation.
Erb's Palsy - ANS-a paralysis of the arm that most often occurs as an infant's head
and neck are pulled toward the side at the same time as the shoulders pass
through the birth canal. startle reflex abnormal, but grasp reflex intact. damage to
upper portion of brachial plexus.
Klumpke's palsy - ANS-lower brachial plexus injury resulting in claw hand
deformity; usually improves btwn 3-6 months. grasp reflex absent.
atelectasis - ANS-collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli
Which vitamin/mineral can cause congestive heart failure and stillbirths if maternally
deficient during pregnancy? - ANS-Thiamine
TORCH infections - ANS-Prenatal infex that lead to severe abnormalities = most
common HEARING IMPAIRMENT & MR
Toxoplasmosis
Other = syphillis, varicella, HIV
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex
Congenital Pneumonia most likely caused by - ANS-Staphylococcus epidermidis
, retinopathy of prematurity - ANS-retinal tissue is replaced with fibrous tissue due to
using high levels of oxygen therapy in premature babies with immature lungs
nystagmus - ANS-Involuntary rapid eye movements, common in neonates should
resolve in a few weeks
blepharoptosis - ANS-drooping eyelid
Hydrops fetalis - ANS-Heart failure and generalized edema in the fetus secondary
to severe anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes.
spina bifida cystica - ANS-meninges and spinal cord protruding through the absent
vertebral arch and having the appearance of a cyst
meningocele - ANS-Spina bífida cystica with meningeal sac filled with spinal fluid
myelomeningocele - ANS-most severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord
and meninges protrude through the spine (meningocele with part of spinal cord
and nerves in sac)
persistent cloaca - ANS-a complex anorectal malformation in which the rectum,
vagina, and urethra drain into a common channel opening into the perineum
immature to total neutrophil - ANS-the ... ratio (I/T ratio) Looks at percentage of
immature to total neutrophils. bands/segs+bands. aids in infection/sepsis
diagnosis. needs to be less than 0.16
congenital varicella syndrome - ANS-greatest risk in first 20 weeks of gestation, can
cause multiple physical and mental abnormalities. neonatal varicella occurs
within 5 days of delivery
G6PD - ANS-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that help break
down carbs and protect RBCs. can lead to premature destruction of RBCs and
hemolytic anemia, X-linked recessive. mostly found in african american or middle
eastern males. watch for jaundice.
vesicoureteral reflux - ANS-disorder caused by the failure of urine to pass through
the ureters to the bladder, usually due to impairment of the valve between the
ureter and bladder or obstruction in the ureter, leads to backflow of urine.
Bladder exstrophy - ANS-Eversion of the posterior bladder through the anterior
bladder wall and Lower abdominal wall
polycystic kidney disease (PKD) - ANS-inherited kidney disease characterized by
presence of multiple cysts throughout kidney tissue; eventually destroys kidneys
and results in kidney failure
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
talipes equinovarus - ANS-congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the
foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side; also called clubfoot
Barlow test - ANS-Test for a hip that is dislocatable but not dislocated in infants.
With infant supine and hip and knees flexed, push posteriorly in line with the
shaft of femur. An unstable femoral head will dislocate posteriorly from
acetabulum.
Ortolani test - ANS-To detect hip dislocation or subluxation; Slowly abduct the
thigh while maintaining axial pressure; With fingertips on the greater trochanter,
exert a lever movement in the opposite direction so that your fingertips press the
head of the femur back toward the acetabulum center. If the head of the femur
slips back into the acetabulum with a palpable clunk when pressure is exerted,
suspect hip subluxation or dislocation.
Erb's Palsy - ANS-a paralysis of the arm that most often occurs as an infant's head
and neck are pulled toward the side at the same time as the shoulders pass
through the birth canal. startle reflex abnormal, but grasp reflex intact. damage to
upper portion of brachial plexus.
Klumpke's palsy - ANS-lower brachial plexus injury resulting in claw hand
deformity; usually improves btwn 3-6 months. grasp reflex absent.
atelectasis - ANS-collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli
Which vitamin/mineral can cause congestive heart failure and stillbirths if maternally
deficient during pregnancy? - ANS-Thiamine
TORCH infections - ANS-Prenatal infex that lead to severe abnormalities = most
common HEARING IMPAIRMENT & MR
Toxoplasmosis
Other = syphillis, varicella, HIV
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes Simplex
Congenital Pneumonia most likely caused by - ANS-Staphylococcus epidermidis
, retinopathy of prematurity - ANS-retinal tissue is replaced with fibrous tissue due to
using high levels of oxygen therapy in premature babies with immature lungs
nystagmus - ANS-Involuntary rapid eye movements, common in neonates should
resolve in a few weeks
blepharoptosis - ANS-drooping eyelid
Hydrops fetalis - ANS-Heart failure and generalized edema in the fetus secondary
to severe anemia resulting from destruction of erythrocytes.
spina bifida cystica - ANS-meninges and spinal cord protruding through the absent
vertebral arch and having the appearance of a cyst
meningocele - ANS-Spina bífida cystica with meningeal sac filled with spinal fluid
myelomeningocele - ANS-most severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord
and meninges protrude through the spine (meningocele with part of spinal cord
and nerves in sac)
persistent cloaca - ANS-a complex anorectal malformation in which the rectum,
vagina, and urethra drain into a common channel opening into the perineum
immature to total neutrophil - ANS-the ... ratio (I/T ratio) Looks at percentage of
immature to total neutrophils. bands/segs+bands. aids in infection/sepsis
diagnosis. needs to be less than 0.16
congenital varicella syndrome - ANS-greatest risk in first 20 weeks of gestation, can
cause multiple physical and mental abnormalities. neonatal varicella occurs
within 5 days of delivery
G6PD - ANS-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that help break
down carbs and protect RBCs. can lead to premature destruction of RBCs and
hemolytic anemia, X-linked recessive. mostly found in african american or middle
eastern males. watch for jaundice.
vesicoureteral reflux - ANS-disorder caused by the failure of urine to pass through
the ureters to the bladder, usually due to impairment of the valve between the
ureter and bladder or obstruction in the ureter, leads to backflow of urine.
Bladder exstrophy - ANS-Eversion of the posterior bladder through the anterior
bladder wall and Lower abdominal wall
polycystic kidney disease (PKD) - ANS-inherited kidney disease characterized by
presence of multiple cysts throughout kidney tissue; eventually destroys kidneys
and results in kidney failure
