UT Austin - Shaw - GOV 310L Exam 3
Questions and Answers.
public opinion - Answer citizens' attitudes about political issues, personalities, institutions,
and events
socialization - Answer a process through which individuals assimilate community preferences
and norms through social interactions
liberal - Answer generally supports political and social reform; governmental intervention in
the economy; the expansion of federal social services; more vigorous efforts of behalf of the
poor, minorities, and women; and greater concern for consumers and the environment
conservative - Answer generally supports the social and economic status quo and is
suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulae and economic arrangements; believe
that a large a powerful government poses a threat to citizens' freedoms
gender gap - Answer a distinctive pattern of voting behavior reflecting the differences in
views between women and men
equal time rule - Answer the requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for the same
political office an equal opportunity to communicate their messages to the public
right of rebuttal - Answer an FCC regulation giving individuals the right to have the
opportunity to respond to personal attacks made on a radio or TV broadcast
fairness doctrine - Answer an FCC requirement that broadcasters who air programs on
controversial issues provide time for opposing views
prior restraint - Answer an effort by a government agency to block the publication of material
it deems libelous or harmful in some other way; censorship. In the United States, the courts
forbid this except under the most extraordinary circumstances
agenda-setting effect - Answer the power to bring attention to particular issues and problems
priming - Answer the process of preparing the public to take a particular view of an event or
a political actor
framing - Answer the power of the media to influence how events and issues are interpreted
, Australian ballot - Answer an electoral format that presents the names of all the candidates
for any given office on the same ballot. This replaced the partisan ballot and introduced split-
ticket voting
single-member district - Answer an electorate that is allowed to elect only one representative
from each district - the typical method of representation in the United States
electoral college - Answer the presidential electors from each state who meet in their
respective state capitals after the popular election to cast ballots for president and vice
president
gerrymandering - Answer the apportionment of voters in districts in such a way as to give
unfair advantage to one political party
plurality rule - Answer a type of electoral system in which victory goes to the individual who
gets the most votes in an election, but not necessarily a majority of the votes cast
majority rule - Answer a type of electoral system in which, to win a seat in a representative
body, a candidate must receive a majority (50 percent plus one) of all the votes cast in the
relevant district
proportional representation - Answer a multiple-member district system that awards seats
based on the percentage of the vote won
referendum - Answer a measure proposed or passed by a legislature that is referred to the
vote of the electorate for approval or rejection
initiative - Answer a process by which citizens may petition to place a policy proposal on the
ballot for public vote
recall - Answer the removal of a public official by popular vote
party identification - Answer an individual's attachment to a particular political party, which
might be based on issues, ideology, past experience, or upbringing
issue voting - Answer an individual's propensity to select candidates or parties based on the
extent to which the individual agrees with one candidate more than others on specific issues
Questions and Answers.
public opinion - Answer citizens' attitudes about political issues, personalities, institutions,
and events
socialization - Answer a process through which individuals assimilate community preferences
and norms through social interactions
liberal - Answer generally supports political and social reform; governmental intervention in
the economy; the expansion of federal social services; more vigorous efforts of behalf of the
poor, minorities, and women; and greater concern for consumers and the environment
conservative - Answer generally supports the social and economic status quo and is
suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulae and economic arrangements; believe
that a large a powerful government poses a threat to citizens' freedoms
gender gap - Answer a distinctive pattern of voting behavior reflecting the differences in
views between women and men
equal time rule - Answer the requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for the same
political office an equal opportunity to communicate their messages to the public
right of rebuttal - Answer an FCC regulation giving individuals the right to have the
opportunity to respond to personal attacks made on a radio or TV broadcast
fairness doctrine - Answer an FCC requirement that broadcasters who air programs on
controversial issues provide time for opposing views
prior restraint - Answer an effort by a government agency to block the publication of material
it deems libelous or harmful in some other way; censorship. In the United States, the courts
forbid this except under the most extraordinary circumstances
agenda-setting effect - Answer the power to bring attention to particular issues and problems
priming - Answer the process of preparing the public to take a particular view of an event or
a political actor
framing - Answer the power of the media to influence how events and issues are interpreted
, Australian ballot - Answer an electoral format that presents the names of all the candidates
for any given office on the same ballot. This replaced the partisan ballot and introduced split-
ticket voting
single-member district - Answer an electorate that is allowed to elect only one representative
from each district - the typical method of representation in the United States
electoral college - Answer the presidential electors from each state who meet in their
respective state capitals after the popular election to cast ballots for president and vice
president
gerrymandering - Answer the apportionment of voters in districts in such a way as to give
unfair advantage to one political party
plurality rule - Answer a type of electoral system in which victory goes to the individual who
gets the most votes in an election, but not necessarily a majority of the votes cast
majority rule - Answer a type of electoral system in which, to win a seat in a representative
body, a candidate must receive a majority (50 percent plus one) of all the votes cast in the
relevant district
proportional representation - Answer a multiple-member district system that awards seats
based on the percentage of the vote won
referendum - Answer a measure proposed or passed by a legislature that is referred to the
vote of the electorate for approval or rejection
initiative - Answer a process by which citizens may petition to place a policy proposal on the
ballot for public vote
recall - Answer the removal of a public official by popular vote
party identification - Answer an individual's attachment to a particular political party, which
might be based on issues, ideology, past experience, or upbringing
issue voting - Answer an individual's propensity to select candidates or parties based on the
extent to which the individual agrees with one candidate more than others on specific issues
