2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | Already Graded A+
What is the outcome of primary hemostasis - ANSWER ✔✔Formation
of a PLT plug
Describe how primary hemostasis works - ANSWER ✔✔Contraction
of blood vessels
Platelet activation → adhesion → secretion of granules
What is the outcome of secondary hemostasis - ANSWER
✔✔Formation of a localized, stabile fibrin clot
,Describe how secondary hemostasis works - ANSWER ✔✔Activation
of coagulation proteins
Creation of thrombin (and fibrin clot)
What is the outcome of fibrinolysis - ANSWER ✔✔Dissolve the fibrin
clot
Name the form in which coagulation factors circulate in and how they
work - ANSWER ✔✔Zymogens (proenzymes) = inactive forms of an
enzyme
Something triggers the proenzyme to turn into its active form, allowing it
to do its job
Summarize how the vascular system responds to damage to the
endothelial lining - ANSWER ✔✔Vasoconstriction → blood is diverted
to other locations
Exposed collagen → PLT activation and adhesion
Release of tissue factor from endothelial cells → activates coagulation
factors
What are the effects of vasoconstriction - ANSWER ✔✔Reduces
blood flow (less blood loss)
Increases shear stress (allowing more PLTs to accumulate and activate)
, Name the three functions of PLTs - ANSWER ✔✔Adhere to exposed
collagen
Aggregate with other PLTs
Secrete stuff from granules
Name the 3 receptors on PLTs - ANSWER ✔✔Glycoprotein Ib/IX/V
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
Glycoprotein VI
Purpose of GP IIb/IIIa - ANSWER ✔✔Receptor for fibrinogen
Purpose of GP Ib/IX/V - ANSWER ✔✔Receptor for vWF
Purpose of GP VI - ANSWER ✔✔Receptor for collagen
Purpose of vWF - ANSWER ✔✔"Bridge" between collagen and PLTs,
allowing adhesion
Purpose of collagen - ANSWER ✔✔Exposed during endothelial
damage → allows adhesion of PLTs (using GP VI and vWF)
Purpose of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) - ANSWER ✔✔Release leads to
release of calcium (needed for PLT activation)
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